LESSON 6
Exercises to be done before the text
1 Translate the following sentences paying attention to modal verbs.
1. He cannot find job in his speciality. 2. You are to go there at once.
3. They couldn't understand me well. 4. You may like it or not.5. They
could enjoy themselves skiing in Switzerland. 6.1 must stay here for two
more days. 7. You must stop singing. She's got a headache. 8 .1 can't dance.
9. You may dance till midnight. 10. I'm sorry, but we have to leave you.
11. We'll have to do it next time. 12. He had to climb the mountains.
13. Here we can get away from the noise of buses and cars and people.
14. They think they can get the really enjoyable things of life there.
15. You should be more polite. 16. They should follow this advice. 17. He
should start it immediately. 18.1 should talk with him.
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2 Answer the following questions.
1. Can you wake up on time without an alarm clock? 2. Can you fall
asleep in a chair? 3. Can you be good-humoured before 9 o’clock in the
morning? 4. Can you name three Australian cities in five seconds? 5. Can
you spell “ daughter”? 6. Can you write with your left hand? 7. Can you
tell what you did this day a year ago? 8. Can you tell the name of your first
teacher? 9. Can you eat a lot without putting on weight? 10. Can you save
money? 11. Can you say “hello!” in five languages? 12. Can you see the
same film twice? 13. Could you walk before you were 1 year old?
14. Could you swim when you were two? 15. When could you read?
16. Could you tell a lie to your mother when you were three? Can you
now? 17. Could you speak English 5 years ago? Can you now? 18. Could
you drive a car last year? And now? 19. Could you marry last year? What
about now? 20. Could you trust your secret to anybody? And now? 21. Can
you give me some money?
3 Tell, please, the following:
my ideal friends m u st... ; must n o t....
my ideal parents m ust... ; must n o t. ...
my ideal teacher m u st... ; must n o t. ...
my ideal TV m ust... ; must n o t....
my ideal neighbour m u st... ; must n o t....
my ideal president m u st... ; must n o t....
my ideal sister (brother) m ust...; must n o t....
my ideal children m ust...; must n o t....
4 Ask the permission.
1. Можно выйти? 2. Можно войти? 3. Можно ответить? 4. Мож
но спеть? 5. Можно поспать? 6. Можно смеяться? 7. Можно поду
мать немножко? 8. Можно не отвечать? 9. Можно пропустить урок
завтра? 10. Можно сказать Вам комплимент? 11. Можно поговорить с
Вами? 12. Мы можем не приходить завтра? 13.Он может не отвечать
на этот грубый вопрос? 14. Она может не обращать на это внимание.
15. Мы можем поздравить их?
5 Advise:
1.
Вам не следует делать это! 2. Не следует гулять поздно в этом
районе! 3. Следует быть осторожным! 4. Не следует пропускать анг
лийский! 5. Следует употреблять больше фруктов и овощей! 6. Следу
ет приложить все силы, чтобы закончить работу вовремя! 7. Не следу
ет увлекаться алкоголем! 8. Следует помнить: “Курение вредно для
здоровья”! 9. Следует наслаждаться жизнью! 10. Не следует забывать
школьных друзей! 11. Следует быть более внимательным на дороге.
12. Следует вести себя должным образом.
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6 Remember the following proverbs:
1. When a man is tired of London he's tired of life.
2. Tastes differ.
3. One can draw a horse to the water but one cannot make it drink.
4. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.
Dialogue
The students talk together on "Likes and Dislikes"
Mr. Prest: Good morning. We will have a general talk this morning
with all of you taking part. What things in life do you dislike? Come on, I
want to hear your ideas. Frieda, will you begin, please?
Frieda: Well, I don't quite know what to say, but, to begin with, I
don't like London. I am tired of London.
Pedro: I remember, sir, a sentence of Dr. Johnsons, an English
writer, "When a man is tired of London he is tired of life." Johnsons and
Dickens and Shakespeare (at least in his youth) certainly liked London.
Jan: Oh, London's all right, but there are too many people, too many
buses, too many taxis, and too much noise. That's what I can't like.
Mr. Prest: Yes, but, on the other hand, there are good libraries and
museums and theatres. I know, that you are fond of Shakespeare, Jan; and
in one or other of the theatres there is always Shakespeare's play, which
you can enjoy.
Jan: Yes, I like Shakespeare's plays, and the library certainly helps
me with my work; but when I have time, I like to get out of London and
walk in the countty and swim or play football. I must leave London from
time to time.
Mr. Prest: What do you say to that, Frieda?
Frieda: I agree with Jan. I like London for some things, but after a
time I get tired of it. My home is a quiet little place in Switzerland among
the mountains, and when I am in the noise of London I always want to be
among the mountains and the trees, or at some quiet seaside place (there
are some lovely ones in England) with the sea and the yellow sand and the
sunshine. And in summer when London is hot and burning...
Hob: I say, sir, I know a song, "London's Burning." May I sing it? It
begins, "London's..."
Mr. Prest: Wait a minute, Hob. You can sing your song at the end of
the lesson, but I want to hear the others speak now. Lucille, do you like
these quiet places?
Lucille: I certainly do not! I feel half dead in them. I know these
quiet seaside places with miles of sand and no one on it except me, two or
three noisy children and an old man or two. I once had to stay at one of
them - but only once. Never again for me! There was one small hotel with a
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sadlooking waiter. We had uneatable cabbage every day and undrinkable
coffee every evening. The people in those places all go to bed at nine
o'clock because there is nothing else to do.
Mr. Prest: Well, Lucille, we certainly know what you don't like.
What do you like?
Lucille: I like gaiety and life and fun. I want to meet people young
and gay and interesting people. I like good hotels, with good food and good
wine. I like theatres with bright music. I enjoy flying, and motoring, if the
car is a fast one.
Mr. Prest: What do you say, Olaf?
Olaf: I don't dance - and I don't want to dance. I enjoy going to the
theatre when there is a good play there, a play by Shakespeare or Shaw or
Galsworthy. I don’t like "bright musical" rubbish. I like people with ideas,
people with character. But I don't like a lot of people all together. I love
walking and climbing. Jan and I walked in Scotland last year and climbed
the mountains there. I should say I enjoyed it greatly. In my opinion one
must try it.
Jan: Yes, we enjoyed that holiday very much. We are going again
next year, just the two of us; but not in a car and, above all, not in a fast car.
I want to see the country, and you can't do that in a fast car; you can only
do that when you walk.
Olaf: I hate cars with their noise and dust and smell.
Mr. Prest: And Pedro, what do you say?
Pedro: It is very interesting to hear these different speakers and dif
ferent ideas. I like mountains and the quiet seaside for a time, for a week or
two perhaps, but after that I feel that I want to see men and women - not
just trees and mountains and sea, and so I come back to London or Paris or
Vienna or Warsaw, to Rio de Janeiro or Buenos Aires. There I find what I
want, the really enjoyable things of life, interesting people, books, good
music, good plays, good pictures. Those are what I like.
Hob: Oh, talking about pictures, I like going to the pictures, and I
like eating and drinking and sleeping and jokes - 1 think that is all; at least,
I can't think of any other things just now.
Jan: Don't you like coming to this class?
Hob: Oh, yes, I like coming here, and I like going away from here.
What I don't like is being here. Can I sing my song now, sir?
Mr.Prest: Very well, Hob.
Hob: Thank you. The name of the song is "London's Burning".
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Grammar Exercises
1
Translate the following paying attention to the word "one" and
modal verbs.
1. No one asks who will do this work. 2. This is one of those contra
dictions that will never be resolved, it has to be accepted. 3. Of all the prob
lems we are facing this is the most difficult one. 4. One might think the
statement comes from a radical newspaper. 5. One could collect all these
facts. 6. One reason is that they just don't want it. 7. Someone has sounded
alarm. 8. As a result, one has to do it like he likes it. 9. One can see his
wonderful playing this role. 10. You can take this magazine or that one.
11. One can foresee all the questions. 12. My college is a regional one.
13. He should study in the college the process of decision making. 14. But
can a person be taught that? 15. Many can be taught this art. 16. You must
foresee all the difficulties. 17. The auditorium which could seat 100 was
full. 18. They can increase tuition fees. 19. Everyone must work to live
well. 20. No one must do work carelessly. 21. Not so long ago only 40
people studied Russian in Washington State University, now one thousand
study it.
Oral Practice
Remember the expressions:
Apologies:
Replies:
I'm so sorry.
That's (quite) all right
Excuse me.
Never mind.
Pardon.
Forget it
Don't be cross with me.
No trouble at all.
(I'm) sorry, I'm late.
1 React to the following:
1. Please, don't be cross (angry) with me. 2. Sorry to interrupt you.
3. Am I rude? I'm awfully sorry. 4. Excuse my troubling you. 5. (I'm) sorry
I've kept you waiting. 6. Sorry, I've lost your watch. 7. Sony, I was with
your girlfriend yesterday. 8. Sorry, I don't love you anymore. 9. Sorry, I
can't come to your place. 10. Excuse me, just leave me alone. 11. I am
sorry, I haven’t visited you in the hospital. 12. Sorry, I had to tell you the
truth. 13. Sorry, I had to lie you. 14. I am awfully sony but I forgot your
name. 15. Don’t be cross with me but I don’t remember your birthday’s
date. 16. Sorry, I can’t help you with your homework. 17.1 am so sorry, but
I can’t take part in the robbery. 18. Sorry, I’ve put a spider into your bag.
19. Sorry, I didn’t mean to hurt you.
2 Speak with your friends about your likes and dislikes.
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3 Am I right supposing that:
1. You like: cleaning your room, waking up early, jogging, doing
your homework, listening to the opera, playing chess, singing in the
shower, fishing, walking in the rain, cooking, shopping, studying English,
going to the parties, sleeping, writing letters, staying up late at night?
2. You’d like: to go home now, to eat out tonight, to play a game of
tennis, to have a bath, a cup of coffee or tea, to sing a song, to read a good
book, to answer your mother’s questions, to see into the future, to graduate
from the Institute just now?
4 Discuss the following situation:
Andrew liked chemistry at school and entered the chemical faculty.
And suddenly in his third year he understood he didn't like it any more.
What must he do?
Make up the dialogue between:
a) Andrew and his parents; b) Andrew and the dean; c) he and his
friends.
5 Listen to the tape.
/4 = Anna, JV = Nina
A: My French exchange visitor came yesterday.
N: What’s her name?
A: Marie-Ange.
N: What a pretty name! What’s she like?
A: She’s really nice. I’m sure we’ll get on really well. We seem to
have a lot in common.
N: Why do you say that? What does she like doing?
A: Well, she likes dancing, and so do I. And we both like tennis and
listening to music.
N: That sounds great. I saw you with someone this morning. Was it
Marie-Ange? What does she look like?
A: She’s quite tall, and she’s got long, dark hair.
N: No, it wasn’t her, then. Now, we’re all going out tomorrow, aren’t
we? Shall we go for a pizza, or shall we go to the cinema? What would she
like to do?
A: Um, I’ll ask her tonight and tell you tomorrow. By the way,
someone told me your Mum’s not very well. What’s the matter? How is
she?
N: Oh, she’s OK. She’s had a bad sore throat, that’s all, but it’s get
ting better now.
A: Oh, it’s not too bad, then.
•
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6
Do the following test and find out what type o f boyfriend/girlfriend
you are?
1. When a boy and a girl go out to the cinema together, who, do you
think, should pay?
A. The boy.
B. The person who has more money.
C. They should pay for themselves.
2. Your boyfriend/girlfriend is in a play. He/she has to kiss someone
who, you know, he/she likes. What do you do?
A. Forbid him/her to take the part.
B. Trust him/her.
C. Worry but say nothing. You might sound paranoid.
3. Your boyfriend/girlfriend is always very attentive when you are
alone together. However when he/she is with other people he/she almost
ignores you. What do you do?
A. Nothing, it's obvious that he/she is going to act differently.
B. Demand more attention.
C. Ask him /her why he/she is acting differently.
4. You and your boyfriend/girlfriend are going to a party. He/she
tells you that the person who he/she used to go out with will be there. What
do you do?
A. Go to the party and try to be friendly to his/her ‘ex’.
B. Worry that you are not as attractive/interesting as his/her ‘ex’.
C. Refuse to go to the party.
5. You receive two Valentine’s cards. One is definitely from your
boyfriend/girlfriend but you don’t know who the other one is from. The
unidentified card has a very romantic message. Do you tell your boy
friend/girlfriend about it?
A. Of course, I want him/her to be jealous.
B. Of course, I don’t want any secrets between us.
C. No. The other person who sent a card might be attractive.
6. Your boyfriend/girlfriend is depressed. You don’t know why.
He/she says he/she doesn’t want to go out on Saturday night but your friend
is having a party. What do you do?
A. Go to the party but ring him/her to check that he/she is OK.
B. Get angry with him/her because you want to go out.
C. Go to his/her house and try to cheer him/her up.
Add up your score
1. a=3; b=2; c=l
2. a=3; b=l; c=2
3. a=l; b=3; c=2
4. a=l; b=2; c=3
5. a=3; b=l; c=2
6. a=2; b=3; c=l.
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Analysis:
6-9: You are someone who is very trusting - perhaps too trusting at
times. You are happy to devote a lot of time to your boyfriend/girlfriend.
You are obviously a generous and patient person when you go out with
someone. However, do not sacrifice too much. Sometimes you are too cool
and distant because you don't want to be a nuisance. Your feelings are as
important as your boyfriend/girlfriend's.
10-14: You are a caring person who enjoys seeing your boy
friend/girlfriend but you are not too demanding. If there is a small problem
in your relationship, you do not panic or go mad. You sort it out sensibly.
You are neither too possessive nor too distant.
15-18: You are very passionate and romantic. This is great but you
are too possessive. Your views of boy-girl relationships are very old-
fashioned and traditional. Be careful, we think you might get hurt. Either
this or your boyfriend/girlfriend will be made angry by your constant de
mand for attention. Stop feeling so insecure!
5 Enjoy yourself.
1. Mrs.: I want you to teach my son a foreign language.
Prof.: Certainly, madam, French, German, Russian, Chinese..?
Mrs.: Which is the most foreign.
2. Bernard Shaw said that America and England were two great na
tions separated by the same language.
3. The British Ambassador walked into the foyer o f a Washington
hotel, and stopped for a moment to speak with one of the bright-buttoned
servitors in the lobby. After he walked on, an assistant manager who had
noted the incident, went over to the boy and said: "What did the Ambassa
dor want?" "I don't know," answered the bell-hop. "He couldn't speak Eng
lish".
4. - Hubby, do you love me?
- Yes.
- How much do you love?
- How much do you need?
LESSON 7
Exercises to be done before the text
1 Read and remember the words.
Island, area, occupy, variety, geology, reason, scenery, particularly,
beauty, wild, separate, narrowest, oak, beech, elm, birch, squirrels, numer
ous, deer, agriculture, purpose, heavily, moisture, occasionally, weather,
miserable, population, nationality, changeable.
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2 Remember the proverbs:
1. There's no place like home. 2. A sound mind is a sound body.
3. Out of sight, out of mind. 4. Everything is good in its season.
3 Remember:
a) the tongue twister:
We wonder whether the weather will weather the wether, or whether
the weather the wether will kill.
b) the poem:
When the weather is wet
We must not fret,
When the weather is cold
We must not scold.
When the weather is warm
We must not storm,
But be thankful together
Whatever the weather.
c) the poem:
The English
They dress in what they like;
They are interested in sport;
They partake in all activities
If they think they ought.
They all succeed in doing
Their job in five short days,
Which leaves them the two longest ones
To spend in different ways.
Then some indulge in gardening,
Or walking in the rain.
And some delight in cricket.
Or in riding in the plain.
In spite of what’s around him,
The average Englishman
Does crosswords in the newspaper
In pencil - if he can.
Involved in any accident
The English take a pride
In being unemotional:
They take things in their stride.
In any circumstances -
Whatever they may be -
The English solve their problems
With an English cup of tea.
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4 Match the words:
1 Северная Ирландия
1 weather
2 обсерватория
2 scenery
3 следующий
3 narrowest
4 южная часть
4 changeable
5 остров
5 to separate
6 площадь
6 climate
7 геология
7 agriculture
8 пейзаж
8 the western coast
9 отделять
9 an island
10 самый узкий
10 next
11 западное побережье
11 Northern Ireland
12 погода
12 observatory
13 изменчивый
13 the southern part
14 климат
14 area, square
15 сельское хозяйство
15 geology
16 ветер
16 to prefer
17 отвратительный
17 miserable
18 мягкий
18 wind
19 горы
19 mild
20 предпочитать
20 mountains
Text
GREAT BRITAIN. GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE
“Как ни мал этот остров, а й в нем есть свои национальные
различия, свои особенности в говоре, навыках, культуре.
Житель Уэльса, житель Корнуэлла отличаются и друг от
друга, и от английского мидлэнда.”
М. Шагинян, ’Зарубежные письма”
The name used at the United Nations is the "United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Northern Ireland". In everyday English "Britain" is gen
erally preferred. Britain's area is about 244,100 square kilometres (94,300
square miles). The United Kingdom lies between 50° North and 60° North
latitude and the prime meridian of 0° passes through the old observatory at
Greenwich. The UK is formed of the following parts: England, Scotland,
Wales and Northern Ireland.
The island of Great Britain can be divided roughly into the lowland
area and highland area. In the former lie southern and eastern England,
while the highland area is occupied by Scotland and most o f Wales.
Britain's complex geology is one o f the main reasons for its wide va
riety of scenery and contrasts found within short distances, particularly on
the coasts.
Scotland is famous for the number and beauty of its lakes and won
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derful scenery. The Lake District is renowned for its scenic beauty. In the
Highlands of Scotland there are a great many sea lochs (lakes) and fresh
water lochs bordered by wild mountains. The largest and most beautiful
ones are Loch Lomound and Loch Ness.
Great Britain is separated from the European continent by the North
Sea and the English Channel. The narrowest part of the English Channel is
called the Strait of Dover, now the underwater tunnel connected England
and France.
There are many rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long.
The longest ones are the Thames and the Severn.
England has no large tracts o f forest, although we can find on the
map a number of "forests" - Sherwood Forest in the Midlands, where Robin
Hood and his Merry Men lived, Epping Forest to the north-east of London,
the New Forest in Hampshire and some others. The most common trees are
oak, beech, ash and elm. In Scotland the most common trees are the pine
and the birch. Squirrels are particularly numerous; there are some deer and
herds of forest-bred ponies roam the forests.
About 82 per cent of Great Britain is used for agricultural purposes
(including rough grazing land).
Britain has a generally mild and temperate climate. The prevailing
winds are south-westerly. Blowing from the Atlantic, they are mild in win
ter, cool in summer, and always heavily laden with moisture. Occasionally
during the winter months easterly winds may bring cold, dry, continental
type o f weather which may persist for days or even weeks. The weather is
very changeable. There is no season when one can be quite sure that the
weather will be not dry, wet or dull. A fine morning may change into a wet
afternoon and evening. And a miserable morning may change to a fine af
ternoon. An unpleasant July day can be as cold as a mild day in January.
This explains why the British people are always talking about the weather.
Sometimes they say that England is the only country where you can have
four seasons on one day.
The population of the United Kingdom is about 58 mln people. Al
though Britain is small, the country itself is one of the most complicated in
the world to understand. Britain contains no less than three ancient nations,
each with a history and traditions of its own. They are England, Scotland
and Wales. Norman colonization o f Wales from England began in the 12*
century, while control over Wales was assured by Edward I’s conquest
(1227 -1284). Thus, for more than 700 years England and Wales have been
under the same ruler. As for Scotland, it successfully resisted English at
tempts at domination but was finally amalgamated with its southern
neighbour as a result of the union o f the Crowns in 1603 and of the Parlia
ments in 1707. But, even today, people living in Glasgow or Cardiff will
think o f themselves as Scottish or Welsh rather than British. And they are
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far from happy with the way people in England refer to everyone in Britain
as English! In some places in the countryside in Wales and in the High
lands o f Scotland people never speak English, some o f them don't under
stand it.
Grammar exercises
1 Change the Active Voice into the Passive Voice.
1. The English Channel separates Great Britain from the continent.
2. The Atlantic Ocean washes the Western coast of Great Britain. 3. We
call the narrowest part of the English Channel the Strait of Dover. 4. Scot
land occupies the highland area. 5. The Gulf Stream influences the climate
of Great Britain. 6. The cool temperate climate and the even distribution
of rainfall ensure a long growing season. 7. They built the canals to meet
special needs. 8. Two Germanic tribes invaded Britain in the 5-th centuiy.
9. One can find a number of forests on the map of England. 10. This wind
can bring cold, dry continental type o f weather. 11. They never speak Eng
lish. 12. Scotland successfully resisted English attempts at domination.
13. You can easily transport food from one end of the countiy to the other.
2 Translate into English.
1. Великобритания и северная часть Ирландии образуют Соеди
ненное Королевство. 2. Англия, Уэльс и Шотландия были когда-то от
дельными королевствами. 3. Соединенное королевство появилось
только в XVII веке. 4. Более 80 % населения живет в городах. 5. Пого
да Англии очень похожа на погоду Прибалтийских государств. 6. По
года изменяется очень часто. 7. Климат мягкий, влажный благодаря
влиянию Атлантического океана и теплому течению Гольфстрим.
8. Путешествуя по Уэльсу, вы увидите уэльсские названия. 9. Англий
ский язык, на котором говорит большинство образованных людей, на
зывается королевским или стандартным языком. 10. Такой английский
преподается в школах и университетах. 11. В Англии можно увидеть
четыре времени года в один день. 12. В Соединенном Королевстве
есть места, где люди не говорят по-английски. 13. Пролив Ла-Манш
отделяет Великобританию от континента. 14. Па-де-Кале - самая уз
кая часть Ла-Манша. 15. Хотя Британия маленькая, есть различия в
климате. 16. Англия и Франция соединены подземным тоннелем.
Oral Practice
1 Agree or disagree with the following.
I. The British Isles lie between the same parallels as Moscow and St.
Petersburg. 2. The Gulf Stream influences greatly upon the climate of
Great Britain. 3. The official name of Great Britain is England. 4. The riv
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ers of Great Britain are very long. 5. There are no lakes in England.
6. Great Britain is not separated from Europe. 7. The climate o f Great Brit
ain is milder than that of Siberia. 8. English people don't like to speak about
weather. 9. There are two main parts in Great Britain. 10. Scotland is fa
mous for its wonderful scenery. 11. You can't see birches in England.
12. Only English people live in the UK. 13. Only English is spoken in the
UK 14. Educated people speak Standard English. 15. The weather of the
United Kingdom is not changeable. 16. You can have four seasons on one
day in Siberia. 17. People of Scotland and Wales prefer to be called the
English. 18. Differences in the histories of England, Scotland and Wales
have had an effect on the life of the three countries that is still felt today.
19. Great Britain has some o f the most varied scenery in Europe. 20. A
mild day in January can be as pleasant as a cool day in July.
2 Show on the map.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Scot
land, England, Wales, Northern Ireland, the Thames, the Severn, the Lake
District, the English Channel, the Strait of Dover, the Irish Sea.
3 Read the text and answer the question "Why do English people like
to speak about weather?"
People everywhere like to speak about weather. But foreigners are
often surprised that the English spend so much time discussing the weather.
This is their main topic for conversation. The reason for this is not simply
that their weather is interesting but the English don't like to speak about
personal matters with people who are not friends. That's why a very good
beginning for a talk in England is "Isn't the weather nice today?", "Nice and
bright this morning!" or "It's good to see the sun again!"
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: |