The Mermaid (translation by a native Russian speaker)

prince asked her who is she and how did she get here, but she only sadly looked at him with her 
dark-blue eyes: she couldn’t speak. Then he took her hand and they went to a castle. The witch said 
the truth, every step gave the pain, like she was stepping on knives and needles, but she patiently 
stood the pain and walked hand in hand with the prince as light as a bubble of air; the prince and 
everyone around him only marveled at her wonderful, sliding gait.
The little Mermaid (translation by a native English speaker)
. 
The Sun had not risen yet 
when she saw the palace of the Prince right in front of her and sat down on the glorious marble 
stairway. The Moon illuminated her with its marvelous blue effulgence. The Little Mermaid drank 
the scalding brew, and it seemed to her like she was impaled with a double-edged sword; she passed 
out and dropped dead. When she woke up, the Sun was already shining over the sea; she was 
feeling a stinging pain throughout her body. The handsome Prince was standing in front of her, and 
he looked at her with his night-like black eyes. She dropped her gaze and saw that fishtail is no 
more, and she has two tiny, pale child-like legs instead. But she was completely naked, so she 
wrapped herself in her long, dense hair. Prince asked her who she was and how did she get there, 
but she only stared at him gently and sadly with her dark blue eyes: she couldn’t speak after all. 
Then he took her by the hand and led her to the palace. The witch has told the truth: every step was 
causing pain to the Little Mermaid, as if she stepped over sharp knives and needles; but she was 
enduring pain patiently, and walked hand in hand with the Prince, floaty as an air bubble; the Prince 
and everybody around them were marveled by her wonderful, sliding gait. 
Comparative analysis of speech mistakes made by Russian speaking students 
(Kazakhstani???) showed that the following mistakes caused by interlingual interference are the 
most typical: 
1. Morphological - incorrect use of the definite and indefinite article with abstract nouns, with 
plural nouns; translation of a noun through a grammatical construction with the preposition of. 
2. Lexical - the choice of the first or the most common synonym without taking into account 
the semantic differences between them, the translation of concepts by copying, "false friends of the 
translator." 
3. Syntactic - translation of participial and adverbial phrases through subordinate clauses, 
mixing of conjunctions that perform similar functions in a sentence; predominant use of passive 
structures. 
4. Punctuation - separation of the subordinate clause from the main comma in the 
postposition; punctuation marks in direct speech; lack of isolation of the circumstance at the 
beginning of the sentence. 
In conclusion, the present study has shown the common mistakes made by Russian speaking 
respondents because of interlingual interference. Most of the interference mistakes have been 
associated with the fact that students “follow” the text, often translate phrases, sentences in 
isolation, without considering the entire context, when translating lexical units, they pay more 
attention to the form, rather than the meaning, combination of words, position in the sentence. 

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