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Table 1 Children: 4-6 year-olds



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Table 1
Children: 4-6 year-olds

In this section, find out how 4-6 year-old children learn and develop.



Characteristics

Implications

Needs

Pre-school or just beginning school

Not used to classroom conventions

Training in class routines e.g. listening to teacher

Limited motor skills

Clumsy control of pen/scissors etc.

To develop motor control e.g. coloring, copying

Learning holistically

Whole child needs stimulation

Opportunities to move, sing, play, explore, touch, etc.

Cannot distinguish between different parts of language

Cannot analyze language

Exposure to chunks* of language e.g. chants, stories, classroom language

Limited reading/writing skills in L1

Introducing reading/writing in English

Lots of listening/speaking activities. Fun introduction to English letters and words

See no need to communicate in English

Students use L1 exclusively

Reasons to speak English e.g. games, chants

Like stories, fantasy

Bored with many topics

Stories, fantasy, fun

*chunks of language = words that naturally come together e.g. ‘thank you very much’, ‘glass of water’, ‘have a nice day’ – that are easily learnt, repeated and do not need analysis.
Chants
Chants are great as children

  • learn to work together

  • pick up chunks

  • get to listen to lots of meaningful language

  • have a reason to use English

  • find them funny

  • move their body

  • enjoy repeating them

Chants are easy to make up. This is an example of a chant for 5-6 year olds. They had already begun learning animals. Teacher and children can chant it together and do actions for the different animals. (pretend to splash water etc)
My name’s Fred and I’m a frog – jump, jump, jump
My name’s Kate and I’m a cat – miaow, miaow, miaow
My name’s Fergie and I’m a fish – splash, splash, splash
My name’s Micky and I’m a mouse – squeak, squeak, squeak
My name’s Benny and I’m a bird – flap, flap, flap
This is a lovely chant with a rhythm that children enjoy. They can stretch their arms out to show ‘big’ and bring their hands close together to show ‘little’. It also helps to develop:
Motor skills - children will enjoy coloring in the pictures that come with the chant. Coloring demands concentration, eye/hand coordination and hand control – all important pre-writing skills
Word recognition - when beginning word recognition they can draw a line between the animal words – cat, mouse etc and the pictures.




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