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exhaust pipe.
According to GOST 33997-2016 [11] an auxiliary brake
system without a motor brake is checked in road conditions by
actuating it and measuring the car deceleration when braking in the
speed range of 25-35 km/h.
In this case, a gear must be engaged in
the transmission, which excludes exceeding the maximum
permissible engine crankshaft speed.
Auxiliary braking system is
considered to have withstood the test of braking efficiency if it
provides steady-state deceleration of at least 0.5 m/s2 for the car with
the permitted maximum weight and 0.8 m/s2 for the car with the
driver in rigged condition.
The spare brake system is designed for use in case of failure or
malfunction of the service brake system. It can be half as efficient as
the service braking system, e.g. it can function as one of the circuits
in the service dual circuit brake system or as a parking brake system.
However, the latter must provide proportionality between the pedal
force (lever) and braking torque on the wheels of the car. This
requirement is often not satisfied, for example, the parking brake
system of cars, which is controlled by a lever, in some cases, it does
not provide a smooth, adequate control of the deceleration of the car
in proportion to the force of the driver to the control.
An engine in vehicle with transmission also does not meet the
GOST requirements for a spare brake system. However, it will
satisfy them if the car is equipped with a variator, the gear ratio of
which the driver can smoothly change using a pedal or lever. Norms
of braking efficiency of the car with the help of the spare brake
system during the tests on the stands as well as in road conditions are
given in Table 3 and Table 4, respectively.
Table 3 – Norms of car braking efficiency
by means of a spare
braking system during stand tests
Type of transport
vehicle
Vehicle's
category
Effort on the
control unit,
H
Specific
braking force,
at least
Passenger and cargo-
passenger vehicles
М
1
686 (589*)
0.26
М
1
, М
2
686 (589*)
0.23
Trucks
N
1
, N
2
, N
3
686 (589*)
0.23
* For vehicles with manual control of the spare brake system.
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Table 4 – Norms of car braking efficiency by means of a spare
braking system during inspections in road conditions. Initial braking
speed – 40 km/h
Type of
transport
vehicle
Vehicle's
category
Effort on
the
control
unit, H
Stepped
deceleration,
m/s
2
, at least
Braking
system
response
time, s,
max.
Passenger
and cargo-
passenger
vehicles
М
1
490
(392*)
2.60
0.6
М
1
, М
2
686
(589*)
2.25
0.8
(1.0**)
Trucks
N
1
, N
2
, N
3
686
(589*)
2.25
0.8
(1.0**)
* For vehicles with manual control of the spare brake system.
** For vehicles made before 01.01.81.
To determine the conformity of the efficiency of braking of a
modern passenger car with the requirements of GOST, we use the
calculated dependencies of the car deceleration in different gears on
the speed of braking during the braking process.
When vehicle is braked by the engine, its slowdown is caused
by three forces and is determined by the formula on a horizontal road
section:
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: