А.В. ГЛАШКИН, З.Б. САКИПОВА, А.А. СИЧКАРЬ, Б.И. ТӨЛЕУОВ, Р.Ж. ХАСЕНОВА,
А.Қ. БЕРКЕНОВ, С.М. АДЕКЕНОВ
С.Ж. Асфендияров атындағы Қазақ Ұлттық Медицина Университеті,
«Фармацевт-технолог» модулі
SILENE GUNTENSIS FEDITSCH ӨСІМДІКТІҢ ЭКДИСТЕРОИДТТЕРІ ЖӘНЕ ОЛАРДЫҢ ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЯЛЫҚ ЗЕРТТЕУ
Түйін: Silene Guntensis Feditsch өсімдігінен стероидты қосылыстар қатарына жататын заттар бөлініп алынды,
олардың структуралық құрылыстарын анықтаудағы алғашқы әдістер ИҚ-, УК-спектроскопия қолданылды, сонымен
қатар алынған заттардың балқу температуралары анықталды. Зерттеу нәтижесінде алынған субстанция өзінің
физико-химиялық міңездемелері бойынша негізгі таралған фитоэкдистероид – экдистероннан өзгеше екені
анықталды.
Түйінді сөздер: экдистерон, Silene Guntensis, спектроскопия, қосылыс.
A.V. GLASHKIN, Z.B. SAKIPOVA, A.A. SICHKAR', B.I. TULEUOV, R.Z. HASENOVA, A.K. BERKENOV, S.M. ADEKENOV
Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University,
«Pharmasyst- technologist» module
ECDYSTEROIDS OF SILENE GUNTENSIS FEDITSCH PLANT AND THEIR PHYSICO-CHEMICAL RESEARCH
Resume: it have obtained compounds of steroid nature of Silene Guntensis Feditsch plant, the primary methods are used for
determine their structure - IR, UV spectroscopy, determine the melting temperature of the isolated compounds. The research
found that received substance differ in their physic-chemical characteristics of one of the most widespread phytoecdysteroid
- ecdysterone.
Keywords: ecdysteron, Silene Guntensis, spectroscopy, structure.
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УДК 547.856:616.379-008.64:577.115.3:001.891.53
A.L. ZAGAYKO, S.N. KOVALENKO, I.YU. KAPUSTIANSKYI, U.M. DATKHAYEV*, V.Р. FYLYMONENKO,
JU.I. KOCHUBEY, L.V. IEVSIEIEVA
National University of Pharmacy,
*Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University
STUDY OF 6,7-DIMETHOXY-4-N-(4-CYANOPHENYL)AMINOQUINAZOLINE
AS JNK INHIBITOR IN VIVO
Biological research has been conducted in vivo study of JNK activity of 6,7-dimethoxy-4-N-(4-cyanophenyl)aminoquinazolin.
It has been established that this compound significantly reduces the levels of glucose and insulin in the serum, and also
reduces the levels of free fatty acids and triacylglycerols in the serum and liver of rats received fructose enriched diet.
Furthermore, the substance reduces the amount of p-JNK, which indicating that the inhibitory activity of JNK.
Keywords: JNK inhibitor, 6,7-dimethoxy-4-N-(4-cyanophenyl)aminoquinazolin, insulin resistance, free fatty acids,
triacylglycerol.
INTRODUCTION. c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) – group
of stress activated MAPK that takes part in growth
regulation, differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation and
other important cellular processes [1, 2, 3]. It is known
that JNK activation occurs in response to the
accumulation
of
reactive
oxygen
species,
in
hyperglycemia etc., and involved into development of
insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes,
cardiovascular diseases and other pathologies [4, 5].
Several experimental studies demonstrated positive
influence of JNK depression to type 2 diabetes mellitus,
obesity, atherosclerosis [6, 7, 8]. Since these pathologies
are widespread among human population, research of
JNK inhibitors is the acute and topical issue.
Recently potent inhibitors of JNK containing cyano group
have been found. The first of these inhibitors was
developed
1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl-(2-[[2-(3-
pyridinyl)ethyl]amino}-4-pyrimidinyl)acetonitrile
AS601245 (Figure. 1) [9, 10]. But lack of AS601245 is
weak penetration into a cell [11, 12].
Figure 1 - The formula of JNK inhibitor AS601245
We had searched inhibitors of JNK among cyano
derivatives of 4-aryloquinazolines that have good insight
into the cell and the ability to inhibit tyrosine kinase. The
study was conducted in vitro on hepatocytes of male rats
of Wistar line. Properties of declared substances were
studied against a background of incubation of cells with
hepatotoxin acetaminophen, for the mechanism of its
action is indispensable the phosphorylation and
translocation of JNK, i.e. activation of this signaling
pathway [13].
N
N
CH
3
O
C
H
3
O
N
H
N
Figure 2 - The formula of derivatives of 4-arylquinazolines: compound 6,7-dimethoxy-4-N-(4-cyanophenyl)aminoquinazolin
that showed an inhibitory effect on the activity of JNK
Conducted preliminary investigations in vitro have shown
that
6,7-dimethoxy-4-N-(4-cyanophenyl)-
aminoquinazolin (IK006) produces dose-dependent
decreasing of ALT activity in hepatocyte incubation
medium and reduces the content of phosphorylated JNK
against a background of JNK activator acetaminophen,
that reliably exhibits inhibitory effect for JNK [14].
The aim of this research was to study the potential
activity of substance IK006 under experimental insulin
resistance.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Experiment was carrying out on Wistar rat males. Insulin
resistance was modulated by feeding animals with
enriched fructose diet (60,3 % fructose, 18,3 % protein,
5,2 % fat) which is accompanied by obesity, impaired
carbohydrate and lipid metabolism [15]. Experimental
animals weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into
four groups: 1) intact animals received vivarium standard
diet of National University of Pharmacy; 2) animals
received fructose enriched diet during 6 weeks; 3)
animals received fructose enriched diet during 4 weeks
and 2 weeks received fructose enriched diet along with
daily injections of suspension of substance to be
examined IK006; 4) animals received standard diet
during 4 weeks and 2 weeks received daily injections of
suspension of the substance to be examined IK006.
Animals were decapitated with chlorazol urethane
anesthesia. Study subjects were blood serum and liver
homogenate. “Ethical principles for animal experiments”
(Ukraine, 2001) harmonized with “European Convention
for the Protection of Backboned Animals Used for
Experimental Purposes and Other Scientific ones”
(Strasbourg, 1985) were committed during this
experiment.
Determination of glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFA)
and triacylglycerols (TAG) content was made with
standard set manufactured by the firm «Phelisit-
Diagnostic» (Ukraine) and the firm «Lachema» (Czech
Republic).
Determination of total concentration of β- and pre-β-
lipoproteins (apoВ-lipoproteins) and high-density
lipoproteins (HDL) in blood serum was carried out by
turbidity method. Determination of 2-thiobarbituric acid -
reactive products (TBA-RP) content was carried out by
spectrophotometric method performing reaction with
thiobarbituric acid [16]. Determination of total level of
JNK was performed using reagents kit (Total JNK Pan
Specific DuoSet IC ELISA (R&D Systems, Inc., USA).
Determination of phosphorylated JNK (р-JNK) was
carrying out with reagents kit [pThr183/Tyr185] JNK1/2
EIA kit (Enzo Life Sciencies).
Statistical processing of the received data was carried out
with program STATISTICA (StatSoft Inc., USA, version
6.0). Importance of intergroup differences was estimated
by Student t-test.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
After enriched fructose diet rats had two-times increase
of glucose level in the blood serum (table 1). At the same
time they had hyperinsulinemia (table 1) that along with
in-parallel hyperglycaemia gives evidence of cells
insusceptibility to insulin, development of insulin
resistance. After 6 weeks of experiment increase of free
fatty acids (FFA) and TAG concentration (table 1) was
observed, it is the result of fat mobilization from fat tissue
and intensification of liver low density lipoprotein
synthesis because of depression of insulin inhibitory
action to lipolysis. Accumulation of atherogenic apoВ-
lipoproteins in this group of rats (table1) is compensatory
reaction intended to FFA content reduction associated
with increased endogenous lipoprotein synthesis and
depressed utilization [17]. Otherwise there was lowering
tendency towards the level of atherogenic HDL (table 1),
that may be caused due to apoВ-lipoproteins remodelling
disorder and katabolism increase of HDL.
Table 1 - Glucose, insulin, TAG, FFA and TBA-RP content in rats blood serum received fructose diet and/or injections of
substances to be examined (M ± m, n = 6)
Intact
Diet
Diet +IK006
IK006
Glucose, mmol/L
4,7±0,1
14,2±0,2*
8,3±0,3*#
4,5±0,2
Insulin, pg/ml
1290±34
2920±41*
1735±38*#
1345±25
TAG, mmol/L
0,40±0,05
0,68±0,04*
0,53±0,02*#
0,38±0,03
FFA, mmol/L
0,84±0,06
2,59±0,11*
1,38±0,10*#
0,92±0,12
apoВ-lipoproteins, mg/ml
4,72±0,23
6,68±0,15*
5,37±0,19*#
4,68±0,20
HDL, mg/ml
1,11±0,05
0,98±0,07t
1,13±0,07
1,12±0,06
TBA-RP, mmol/L
2,57±0,18
3,37±0,24*
2,99±0,2*#
2,48±0,12
* - difference is truly per intact (р≤0,05),
# - difference is truly per Diets (р≤0,05),
t – intact-related tendency (0,05≤р≤1)
There is accumulation of FFA and TAG in the livers of
animals received high-fructose diet (table 2). FFA
increase in the blood and increase of their passing to the
cells of different tissues encourage further metabolic
disease
and
enhance
hyperglycemia
and
hyperinsulinemia. It is established that one of FFA toxicity
mechanism is enhanced reactive oxygen intermediate
formation and lipid peroxidation activation [17]. Our
results give evidence of antioxidant-oxidant balance
abnormality – accumulation of product peroxidation
(TBA-RP) was shown as in blood serum and liver of rats
(table 1,2). It is known that considerable contribution of
insulin resistance development makes increase of
reactive oxygen species (RAS) and one of RAS mechanism
of action is JNK signaling [18]. Fructose diet is not
influence on the total JNK level during investigation
period as shown at the table 2, however promotes its
activation that show the increase of р-JNK content up to
70% in comparison with intact.
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Table 2 - Triacylglycerols, FFA, TBA-RP content and levels of total and phosphorylated JNK in rats liver homogenate received
fructose diet and/or injections of substances to be examined (M ± m, n = 6)
Intact
Diet
Diet+IK006
IK006
FFA, mmol/mg of protein
1,24±0,04
1,69±0,09*
1,35±0,07*#
1,21±0,05
TAG, mmol/mg of protein
1,55±0,03
2,30±0,03*
1,73±0,13*#
1,59±0,05
TBA-RP, nM of protein
0,72±0,11
2,01±0,14*
1,25±0,12*#
0,80±0,07
Total JNK, ng/mg of protein
312±31
325±26
321±27
311±28
р-JNK, ng/mg of protein
96±7
164±14*
122±16*#
98±10
* - difference is truly per intact (р≤0,05),
# - difference is truly per Diets (р≤0,05)
IK006 injections significantly decrease glucose and
insulin concentration in blood serum (table 1) and also
lower the FFA and TAG level in blood serum and liver
(table 1, 2). As the result of apoВ-lipoproteins
concentration reduced in blood serum of animals that
received fructose enriched diet (table 1). It should be
noted that the substance IK006 showed significant action.
This compound is also exercise improved influence upon
TBA-RP accumulation in both studied tissues. (table 1, 2).
Fructose enriched diet related normalization tendency of
р-JNK level in liver due to IK006 injections (table 2).
IK006 compound has shown high potency. By the same
time this compound do not show any activity for one of
the researched factors. So IK006 compound didn't
demonstrate directly hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and
antioxidant effects due to separate injections but it had
such effects on affected by JNK activation and also reduce
its activation.
We can consider a possibility of application compound as
complex protection from JNK activation states.
CONCLUSIONS
Summing up what has been said the carried out
researches show the followings:
1. The studied compound IK 006 for lowering the levels of
glucose and insulin in blood serum related with insulin
resistance
2. IK006 compound shows normalization on lipid
metabolism researched factors of blood serum and liver
of rats received fructose enriched diet that could lower
risk of atherosclerosis due in case of high-caloric feeding.
3. IK006 compound reduces р-JNK content, lowers JNK
activation induced by fructose enriched diet. IK006
showed protective effect.
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Ther. – 2004. – Vol. 310, № 1. – P. 25-32.
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Bubici C., Papa S. JNK signaling in cancer: in need of new, smarter therapeutic targets / C. Bubici, S. Papa // Br. J.
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14
Пошук
інгібіторів
c-jun
N-кінцевих
кіназ
(JNK)
серед
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та
4-N-(4-
ціанофеніл)амінозаміщених хіназолінів / А. Л. Загайко, В. П. Филимоненко, І. Ю. Капустянський та ін. // Український
біофармацевтичний журнал. – 2014. – № 3 (32). – С. 55–59.
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Endothelial dysfunction in high fructose containing diet fed rats: increased nitric oxide and decreased endothelin-1
levels in liver tissue / M. Altas, A. Var, K. Ozbilgin et al. // Dicle University Med. School. – 2010. – Vol. 37, № 3. – P. 193-198.
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Строев Е. А. Практикум по биологической химии / Е. А. Строев, В. Г. Макарова – М.: Высшая школа, 1986. – 231 с.
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Загайко А. Л. Метаболічний синдром: механізми розвитку та перспективи антиоксидантної терапії: Монографія
/ А. Л. Загайко, Л. М. Вороніна, К. В. Стрельченко. – Х.: Вид-во НфаУ: Золоті сторінки, 2007. – 216 с.
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с-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling: recent advances and challenges / M. A. Bogoyevitch, K. R. Ngoei, T. T. Zhao et al.
// Biochim. Biophys. Acta. – 2010. – Vol. 1804, № 3. – P. 463-475.
А.Л. ЗАГАЙКО, С.Н. КОВАЛЕНКО, И.Ю. КАПУСТЯНСКИЙ, У.М. ДАТХАЕВ, В.П. ФИЛИМОНЕНКО,
Ю.И. КОЧУБЕЙ, Л.В. ЕВСЕЕВА
Ұлттық Фармацевтика университеті,
С.Ж. Асфендияров атындағы Қазақ Ұлттық Медицина Университеті
JNK КИНАЗ ИНГИБИТОР РЕТІНДЕ
6,7-ДИМЕТОКСИ-4-N-(4-ЦИАНОФЕНИЛ)АМИНОХИНАЗОЛИНГЕ IN VIVO ЗЕРТТЕУ ЖҮРГІЗУ
Түйін: In vivo-лық JNK-киназамен шарттында 6,7-диметокси-4-N-(4-цианофенил)аминохиназолин белсенділігіне
биологиялық зерттеу жүргізілді. Осы зат қан сарысуында глюкоза мөлшерін және инсулинді төмендетеді, сонымен
бірге жоғары фруктозалық диетамен өсірілген егеуқұйрық бауырындағы және қан сарысуындағы СЖК және ТАГ-
тың деңгейін азайтады. Одан басқа, берілген зат р-JNK мөлшерін төмендетеді, яғни оның JNK –ға ингибиторлық
белсенділігін дәлелдейді.
Түйінді сөздер: JNK ингибитор, 6,7-диметокси-4-N-(4-цианофенил)аминохиназолин, инсулинорезистентность, бос
май қышқылы, триацилглицерол.
А.Л. ЗАГАЙКО, С.Н. КОВАЛЕНКО, И.Ю. КАПУСТЯНСКИЙ, У.М. ДАТХАЕВ, В.П. ФИЛИМОНЕНКО,
Ю.И. КОЧУБЕЙ, Л.В. ЕВСЕЕВА
Национальный фармацевтический университет,
Казахский Национальный медицинский университет им. С.Д. Асфендиярова
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ IN VIVO
6,7-ДИМЕТОКСИ-4-N-(4-ЦИАНОФЕНИЛ)АМИНОХИНАЗОЛИНА КАК ИНГИБИТОРА JNK КИНАЗ
Резюме: Проведено биологическое исследование в условиях in vivo JNK-киназной активности 6,7-диметокси-4-N-(4-
цианофенил)аминохиназолина. Установлено, что данное вещество существенно снижает содержание глюкозы и
инсулина в сыворотке крови, а также уменьшает уровни СЖК и ТАГ в сыворотке и печени крыс, получавших
высокофруктозную диету. Кроме того, вещество снижает содержание р-JNK, что свидетельствует о его
ингибирующей активности в отношении JNK.
Ключевые слова: JNK ингибитор, 6,7-диметокси-4-N-(4-цианофенил)аминохиназолин, инсулинорезистентность,
свободные жирные кислоты, триацилглицерол.
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52
УДК 615.322-012:615.453
У.М. ДАТХАЕВ, Э.Н. КАПСАЛЯМОВА, М.Д. БУХАНБАЕВА
Казахский Национальный медицинский университет им. С.Д. Асфендиярова,
модуль «Фармацевт-технолог»
ЦИСТАНХЕ СОЛОНЧАКОВЫЙ КАК ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЙ ИСТОЧНИК ПРИ ПОЛУЧЕНИИ ГРАНУЛ
В статье представлены данные о месте произрастания, химическом составе Цистанхе солончаковой и связи с
содержанием суммы биологических активных веществ получение гранул является обоснованным.
Ключевые слова: Цистанхе солончаковый, гранула, биологические активные вещества, растения Казахстана.
Актуальность проблемы. В настоящее время одной
из актуальных задач фармацевтической науки
является фармацевтическая разработка новых
лекарственных средств из лекарственного сырья. В
этом плане особого внимания заслуживает Цистанхе
солончаковая
(Cistanche
salsa),
семейство
Заразиховые (Orobanchaceae), в столонах и надземной
части
этого
растения
содержится
комплекс
биологически
активных
веществ:
фенольные
соединения, в том числе полифенолы, флавоноиды,
дубильные
вещества,
различные
углеводы,
минеральные вещества, органические кислоты и др.
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