55
№ 1(134)/2021
ВЕСТНИК Евразийского национального университета имени Л.Н. Гумилева.
Серия Педагогика. Психология. Социология
BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Pedagogy. Psychology. Sociology Series
Zh. K. Yermekova, N.M. Stukalenko, Zh.M. Salikhoja,
A.S. Мagauova Zh.T.Makhambetova, G.E. Sagyndykova
features that distinguish pedagogical systems
from each other: pedagogical goals (upbringing,
education, training, personal development in a
certain direction), the content of education, the
contingent of learners (learners or students),
means, forms, methods, and results.
By modeling the process of developing critical
thinking at students, we mean bringing this
process into a certain structure that can achieve
the maximum possible beneficial effect from the
implementation of this process. Based on the
knowledge of modeling as a method of scientific
knowledge and analysis of pedagogical reality,
we have developed a model of the process of
developing critical thinking at students, which is
presented in this work (figure 1).
The presented model of the process of
developing critical thinking at students reflects
its general structure and consists of the following
main components:
- motivational-purposeful (main goal, tasks, and
principles);
- content (corresponding content)
- activity (implementation technology);
- performance-analytical (results of the process,
their analysis).
1.
Motivational-purposeful component is a set
of goals and main motives of the process of
developing critical thinking in students. The
main goal is to develop critical thinking among
students in the educational process of the
University, as well as the development of positive
sustainable motivation that would encourage
them to persistent, systematic work not only
to improve professional knowledge, skills,
and abilities in the conditions of professional
training, but also to develop critical thinking in
this process.
The analysis of the principles of professional
education allowed us to identify the most
important of them for the development of
students’ critical thinking: scientificity, continuity,
systematicity, interdisciplinarity, integration, etc.:
- the principle of scientificity;
- principle of continuity;
-
the principle of consistency;
- the principle of integration;
- the principle of interdisciplinarity.
2.
The content component of the process is a
set of professional knowledge, skills, abilities
and skills, as well as a certain level of theoretical
and practical educational activities of future
specialists.
3.
The activity component is a set of tools for
implementing the main goal of the process of
developing students’ critical thinking, which
includes: the activities of teachers and learners,
the methods used in this process, organizational
forms and means of training, which together
represent the technology of training.
4.
Performance-analytical component
- these are the results obtained in the process
of developing critical thinking at students and
their analysis.
As can be seen from the presented model of the
process of developing critical thinking in students,
it has an integrated system of organization with
a complex hierarchical structure, the purposeful
action of which is carried out through the
generalized functioning and development of all
its components.
Development of students’ critical thinking in
the context of teamwork in the framework of the
educational process of the University
When working as a team, you can always
organize a discussion that allows students
to develop and evaluate their thinking in
comparison with the thinking of others. When
working as a team, egocentricity is possible.
Since all people are socialized, egocentricity is
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