Қызылорда облысы, Қазақстан Республикасы
COMPUTER MODELING AND CREATION OF THE KAZAKH NATIONAL
COMPUTER GAME «ASYK» ON THE BASIS OF THE PROGRAM 3D MAX
Annotation.Research
objective
of
the
scientific
project
is
three–
dimensionalmodeling of the Kazakh national game «Asyk» for its acquaintance in the
world market and its development among games.
Tasks:To examine basic concepts of three–dimensionalgraphics;To study Autodesk
3ds MAX 2012 interface elements;To review modeling principles with the help of
primitives, splines and editable surfaces;To design algorithm and model of step-by-step
performance of the national game «Asyk» on the basis of Autodesk 3ds MAX 2012; To
create and analyze work of the national computer game «Asyk».
Object of the research is to study 3D modeling principles in Autodesk 3ds MAX
2012 system.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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61
Subject is modeling three-dimensional objects in 3ds MAX 2012.
Hypothesis: creation of the national computer game allows to develop patriotism
among young people and to acquaint foreigners with rules of the game as well.
Stages of the research: studying the Autodesk 3ds MAX 2012 bases, developing
algorithm of gradual combination in the game, creating three-dimensional modeling of the
Kazakh game «Asyk».
Novelty of the research:developing algorithm of the Kazakh national game «Asyk»
program; developed computer program of the national game «Asyk».
Results of the project and its conclusion: ability to work in Autodesk 3ds MAX
2012 system, creation of three-dimensional modeling of the Kazakh national game
«Asyk».
Areas of practical use: research results can be used at Computer Science lessons as
well as in development of creative work from cartoons to computer games production.
Introduction.Nowadays no one can be surprised by special effects in cinema and
television. They have become ordinary due to mass prevalence of computer graphic system
but particularly to three-dimensional modeling.Three-dimensional systems are the most
interesting systems in their abilities and complicated in application usage.3ds Max
occupies one of the leading place.
Topicality of the chosen theme is stipulated by practically usage of three-
dimensional graphics in various areas and spheres of activity, knowledge of which is
becoming more necessary for a full-grown person.
Research objective of the scientific project is three-dimensional modeling of the
Kazakh national game «Asyk» for its acquaintance in the world market and development
in multimedia games.
Research object is study of 3D modeling principles in Autodesk 3ds Max 2012
system.
Object of the research is modeling of three-dimensional objects in 3ds Max 2012.
Research objective is to study modeling principles with the help of primitive art,
splines and modifying surfaces in Autodesk 3ds Max 2012, to design «Asychki», to create
Kazakh national game «Asyk».
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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62
To reach the objective it is necessary to solve the following tasks:To examine basic
concepts of three-dimensional graphics; To study Autodesk 3ds Max 2012 interface
elements; To review modeling principles with the help of primitive art, splines and
modifying surfaces;To design algorithm and model of step-by-step performance of the
national game «Asyk» on the basis of Autodesk 3ds Max 2012; To create and analyze
work of the national computer game «Asyk».
The scientific work also included points of view of Verstak V.A. «3ds Max 12.
Secrets of mastership», Bondarenko S.V., Bondarenko M.Y. «3ds Max12.User’s library»,
Ryabtseva D.V. «Building and Interior design in 3ds Max 12». They dictate their positions
from common understandings and clearly highlight such elements of the interface as: main
menu, Main Toolbar, Command Panel, projection windows.
Studying 3D modeling principles in Autodesk 3ds Max 2012 system.Three-
dimensional graphics.To create three-dimensional graphics it is used special applications
which are called as three-dimensional graphics editors or 3D editors. 3ds Max 2012 is
among such programs.
3ds Max 2012 interface reminds of such a draft. However, there is a contrast between
a draft on paper and object appearance in each projection window can be changed and
observed from different angles. Besides, it is possible to rotate all virtual space in
projection windows together with objects inside.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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63
The program 3ds Max 2012 allows the user to enlighten three-dimensional scene
using virtual sources of light as direct and omnidirectional. Sources of light are auxiliary
objects like virtual cameras. It is possible to animate, change their position in space,
manage colors and light brightness. Another important detail is shadow made by light that
makes the stage more realistic.
Picture 1.Interface of3ds Max 2012
3ds Max 2012 interface elements. Interface provides access to management of all
system abilities. More space of program window is occupied by projection windows. A
window of projection which is currently operating is lit in yellow color which means it is
active.
The main menu is situated at the top of the window and below it there is Main
Toolbar. The main menu’s sections partially show instruments and commands of Main
Toolbar as well as Command Panel’s.Toolbar is one of user’s graphic interface elements
used to execute instrumental functions and to manage the program.
All the buttons of the toolbar are supplied with hints which appear while approaching
and keeping pressing the mouse on it. A small triangle on the left bottom corner of some
buttons means that when pressing and keeping it, leads the user to the toolbar with a set of
buttons.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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64
Buttons of the toolbar:Undo (cancel) (Ctrl + Z) – cancels the last command or group
of commands. Redo (Repeat) (Ctrl + Y) – brings the cancelled commands back. Select and
Link (select and link) – sets links objects of the scene. Unlink Selection (Unlink selected
objects) – Unlinksselected objects. Bind to Space Warp (Link to the effect) links the object
to the source of volumetric deformation. Selection Filter (Filter of selection) – disclosed
list limiting types of the object which can be selected.
Select Object (Selection of the object) – (Q) – tool of selecting objects.Select by
Name (select by name) (H) – discloses window of dialogue for selecting objects by name.
Rectangular Selection Region (Selecting region of selection), Circular Selection Region
(Select objects in circle), Fence Selection Region (Selecting objects randomly), Lasso
Selection Region (Selecting in lasso), Paint Selection Region (Selecting using brush) (Ctrl
+ F) – Selecting objects with various ways.
Window/Crossing – sets how the object is to be selected: highlighting or crossing.
Select and Move (W) – Selectsand moves the object. Select and Rotate (E) – Selects and
rotates the object of the scene. Select and Uniform Scale (selecting and scale uniformly),
Select and Non-uniform Scale (Selecting and scaling uniformly), Select and Squash
(Selects and squashes) (R) – selects and scales the object in various ways. Reference
Coordinate System – Disclosed list which helps in setting coordinate system used for
transformation.
Modeling of three-dimensional objects in 3ds Max 2012. 3ds Max 2012 – object
orientated program which is created in the program are objects. Objects in the program 3ds
Max are any geometrical figures, curved, cameras, subsidiary objects, volumetric
deformations, systems and sources of light which can be included into the scene.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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____
65
All the geometrical objects of the program 3ds Max 2012 can be conditionally
divided into two categories: parametric and editable.Most of objects in 3ds Max are
parametric. Parametric objects are objects which defined by aggregate of settings or
parameters, but not a definition of its form. Simply such objects can be controlled using
parameters (the roll Parameters on the Command Panel). Change in meaning of parameters
modifies geometry of the objects.
Process of creating and transforming any objects the same in total: an object is
created using menu Create, inserts of «Create» on command bar or buttons of toolbar, then
the tool to change is selected.
One of main purposes of 3ds Max is modeling 3-dimensional objects. Imagination of
the 3-dimensional graphic designer often draws scenes which are impossible to create
using primitives only. Many objects which surround us in everyday life have non-
symmetric surface which is rather hard to display in 3-dimension.
Objects of Geometry category in 3ds Max 2008 are basic material to create much
more complicated models. Various tools of modeling are used to edit surface of primitives.
There are various approaches to 3-dimensional modeling:Modeling based on
primitives; Using index words; Splinemodeling; Correctionofedited
surfaces:EditableMesh (Editable surface), Editable Poly (Editable polygonal surface),
Editable Patch (Editable patch-surface);Creating objects using Boolean operations;
Creating 3-dimensional scenes using particles;NURBS – modeling (NURBS – Non
Uniform Rational B-Splines, non-homogeneous irrational B-Splines).
Creating models using primitives.Objects in 3ds Max2012 are created using main
menu part «Create» commands or so-called inserts from command bar. The second way is
used more often since it is handier.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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66
Primitives serve as tools to build and model for creating jointed objects.Simple
geometrical primitives (Standard Primitives) in 3ds MAXare following objects.Box
(parallelepiped) – parallelepipeds and cubes with any correlation of sides.Sphere –
parametric objects of sphere and dome kinds. Basic object creates quadratic sections like
lines of longitude and latitude of the globe.Cylinder – cylinders, cylindrical sectors and
many-sided prisms of any proportions.
Torus (Top) – circles with round shapes of transverse cut. A toroidal sector can be
created as well.Teapot – an object displaying possibilities of 3D Max. Teapot is a
complicated parametric object consisted of parts.Cone – common shapes reminding
cylinders; two radiuses let place resulting object into operated cone.GeoSphere –
parametric objects like spheres and representing various ways of defining spherical
volumes which provide with three different geometry of sphere and dome. Geosphere
creates triangular sections like geodetic dome.
Tube – Objects like cylinders, but with a prolonged hole inside. One can also create
sectors and multi-sided prisms with holes.Pyramid – pyramids (topped included)
rectangular or square basis.Plane – Rectangular extract of reticulate cover. The only object
which is not 3-dimensional.
List of extended primitives includes following:Hedra (polyhedron) – five types of
polyhedrons with variety of managing parameters. All the objects are defined by the task
of central point and size of radius.Chamferbox (parallelepiped with bevel) –
parallelepipeds and cubes with any correlation of sides. Unlike the object Box
(parallelepiped), while using ChamferBox object (parallelepiped with bevel) there is
possibility of setting bevels on edges.OHTank (cistern) – cylinders with basis in shape of
spherical segments with clearly expressed borders between basis and middle part of the
object. Based on these objects one can also build cylindrical sectors.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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67
Spindle – cylinderswith conical bases, also cylindrical sectors on the basis of these
objects.Gengon– multifacetedprism with flasher and without it.Ring Wave – a tool to
create pipes, external and internal surfaces which can be deformed in waves.Prism– atool
to create prism with different ratios of sides from the base.Torus Knot– anobject that is
based on the knots of various types. It is possible to change the shape of the cross section
as well as the basic shape of the object.
ChamferCyl – cylinders, cylindrical sectors and multifaceted prisms of any
proportion with the ability to specify the edges of the chamfer cut 45° angularly.Capsule –
cylinderswith basis in shape of hemispheres, cylindrical sectors on the basis of those
objects.L– Extrusion– L–shapedplane with extrusion in height.C– Extrusion– objectsimilar
with L– Extrusion, different in basic form, presented as a letter «П». Both bodies of
extrusion are the basic material for modeling architectural designs.
Hose– toolto create corrugated hoses, hoses and other objects of similar form.
«Tying» the basis of Hose to two other objects it is possible to get similarity of animated
spring.
Any primitive, created in 3ds Max, characterized with the parameter sets which
determine its geometric form. Changing the settings of objects you thereby change its
form. Each of the primitives has its unique parameter set. For example, sets for the
primitive «Box» such settings are Length, Width, Height.
To create a model of a game field I used a primitive of Box (Parallelepiped). I edited
to the necessary sizes, changed material, gave color of a green field (picture 2). «Asyk»
was modifiedwith the help of primitives of Box (Parallelepiped) and Sphere (Sphere). I
edited the sphere like the figure of «Asyk», I set the necessary parameters (picture 3).
8
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
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68
Picture 2 Picture 3
Creating models using splines.One of the effective methods to create three-
dimensional models is using spline modelling techniques. Ultimately creating models
using splines leads to construction of frame, on the basis of which it is created envelope
curve three-dimensional geometrical surface.
Splines are two-dimensional primitives (line, circle, text) having different parameters
of setting forms as three-dimensional.
The Spline program includes the following figures:Line, Circle, Arc, NGon, Text,
Section, Rectangle, Ellipse, Donut, Star, Helix. It is also available additional spline objects
which differ with their complicated forms and flexible settings. Thanks to it, changing the
value of parameters it is possible to get objects of diverse forms. Such objects are often
used in architecture.
WRectangle– allowsto create closed splines consist of two concentrated
rectangles.Channel – allowsto create closed splines in the C letter form.Angle– allowsto
create closed splines in the L letter form.Tee – allowsto create closed splines in the T letter
form.Wide Flange– allowsto create closed splines in the I letter form.
In order to create a spline object press Create in Category Shapes then choose
Splines and press the button of creating primitive. For creating complex spline object,
being
in
category
Shapes, choose Extended Splines.When
creating three–
dimensionalmodel it is often used standart modifiers Extrude and Bevel which are similar
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
__________________________________________________________
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69
in function and used for any spline form. Result of these mofifiers’action onto spline is
surface which created by cutting the spline form.
Using splines I was able to modify «Yurta» and game «Asychkas», table of
«protective spectacles». For modifying it was used Circle, Rectangle, Ellipse. It was edited
needed parameters, set color and light.
Creating a model with editable surfaces.Another method used in three-
dimensional graphics modeling is work with editable surfaces. The program 3ds MAX
2012 enables to work with the following types of editable surfaces:Editable Mesh; Editable
Poly; Editable Patch; NURBS Surface.
Almost any object in 3ds MAX 2012 can be converted into one of these types of
surfaces. To do this, click the right button of the mouse to get the context menu, click on
the entry Convert to and select one of the types of the appeared submenu.
Using Editable Poly modifiers (The edited polygonal surface) I was able to transform
objects, set them the size, change form of objects.
Conclusion.The scientific work dealt with modeling framework using primitives,
splines and editable surfaces in Autodesk 3 ds Max 2012.
The following tasks were set:To consider the basic concepts of three dimensional
graphics.To study the elements of the interface of 3ds Max 2012.To consider the basics of
modeling with primitives, splines and editable surfaces.To develop a model of the Kazakh
national games «Asyk» based on Autodesk 3ds Max 2012 using the object modeling.
Zertteušì – Issledovatel’ – The Researcher ISSN 2307-0153
№№5-12(109-116), мамыр-желтоқсан, май-декабрь, May-December,
2015
__________________________________________________________
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70
In the first section, learning the basics of 3D modeling in Autodesk 3ds Max 2012
first two tasks were dealt with.Revealing the first task in the scientific work you met such
concepts as: 3D editors, three-dimensional scene modeling at the level of sub-objects,
modifiers, parametric objects, splines.
The second task in the research work was to study the basic elements of the
interface.
The third task was to review the basics of modeling with primitives, splines and
editable surfaces.We can distinguish three main types of modeling:Modeling with
primitives;Modeling using splines;Modeling using editable surfaces.Working with editable
surfaces is the one used in three-dimensional graphics simulation method.
The fourth task is to develop a model of the Kazakh national games «Asyk» based on
Autodesk 3ds Max 2012 using the object modeling. On the basis of the studied materials it
has been designed models of «Asychkas». To create games it has also been modeled a
field, asphalt, landscape design. Using the models it has been created Kazakh national
game «Asyk».
The objectives have been achieved.
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