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constitutional
monarchy
[,konstitju:
òənl
‘monəki]
конституциялық
монархия
конституционная
монархия
queen
[‘kwi:n]
патшаəйелі
королева
government
[‘gʌvənmənt]
үкімет
правительство
Part B
English
Transcription
Kazakh
Russian
Great Britain
[,greit ‘britn]
Ұлыбритания
Великобритания
the United
Kingdom
(the UK)
[ði ju’naitid
,kiŋdəm]
[ði ju’kei]
Біріккен
патшалық
Соединенное
королевство
the British Isles
[ðə ‘briti∫ ailz] 
Британ аралдары Британские острова
the Atlantic Ocean  [ði
ət’læntik
əu∫n]
Атлант мұхиты 
Атлантический океан
the North Sea
[ðə‘no:θ si:]
Солтүстік теңізі  Северное море
the Irish Sea
[ði 'airi∫ si:]
Ирлан теңізі
Ирландское море
the English
Channel
[ði 'ingli∫ ‘t∫ænl]  Ағылшын
каналы (Ла-
Манш)
Английский 
канал
(Ла-Манш)
the Strait of Dover
[ðə,streitəv
'dəuvə ]
Дувр 
бұғазы
(Па-де-Кале)
Дуврский 
пролив
(Па-де-Кале)
England
[‘inglənd]
Англия
Англия
Scotland
[‘skotlənd]
Шотландия
Шотландия
Northern 
Ireland  [,no:ðən
‘aiələnd]
Солтүстік
Ирландия
Северная Ирландия
Wales
[weilz]
Уэльс
Уэльс
London
[‘lʌndən]
Лондон
Лондон
Edinburgh
[‘edinbərə]
Эдинбург
Эдинбург
Belfast
[‘belfəst]
Белфаст
Белфаст
Cardiff
[‘ka:dif]
Кардиф
Кардиф
Birmingham
[‘bə:miŋəm]
Бирмингем
Бирмингем
Liverpool
[‘livəpu:l]
Ливерпуль
Ливерпуль
the Severn
[ði ‘sevn]
Северн
Северн
the Thames
[ði ‘temz]
Темза
Темза
Ben Nevis
[ben ‘nevis]
Бен Невис
Бен Невис

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I. LEXICAL EXERCISES
Exercise 1.
a) Give the Kazakh / Russian for:
A large country, the capital of the country, the population of the country, the
area of the country, the largest continent, the Atlantic Ocean, a warm sea, a long
river, a deep lake, in the north of the country, in the south of the state, in the east of
the continent, in the west of the city,to be situated in the mountains, to consist offour
parts, to be surrounded by water, to be washed by the North Sea, to be separated from
the continent, high mountains, mild climate, constitutional monarchy.
b) Give the English for:
Aрал, халық, астана, мұхит, батыс  шығыс, онтүстік, солтүстік, тау,
конституциялық  монархия, Ұлыбритания, Біріккен  патшалық, Солтүстік
Ирландия, Англия, Шотландия, Уэльс, Атлант мұхиты, Солтүстік теңізі, Ирлан
теңізі, Северн, Темза.
Остров, население, столица, океан, западный, восточный, южный,
северный, гора, конституционная  монархия, Великобритания, Соединенное
королевство, Северная  Ирландия, Англия, Шотландия, Уэльс, Атлантический
океан, Северное море, Ирландское море, Северн, Темза.
Exercise 2.Fill in the gaps in the sentences. Use the words from the box.
population Queen state island country capital
mountain oceans monarchy lake
1. A piece of land surrounded by water is an ______________.
2. The ______________ of Great Britain is London.
3. Russia is the largest______________in the world.
4. Kazakhstan is an independent ________________.
5. The __________________ of China is 1.35 billion people.
6. Han Tengri is the highest________________ in Kazakhstan.
7. There are four _________________ in the world: the Pacific, the Atlantic,
the Arctic and the Indian.
8. The deepest ______________ is the Baikal.
9. The UK is a constitutional _________________________.
10.___________________Elizabeth II is the head of the UK.
Exercise 3. Answer the questions:
1.What is the largest ocean in the world?
2. The Mississippi is the longest river in the world, isn’t it?
3. Is the USAsituated in the North or South America?
4. What is the capital of Great Britain?
5. How many states are there in the USA?
6. What is the highest mountain in the world?

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7. Is Australia a continent or an island?
8. What is the largest country in the world?
9. What river does London stand on?
10. What country has the largest population in the world?
Exercise 4.
a) Study the table.
Country
Area
Population
Kazakhstan
Russia
The USA
Great Britain
Canada
Japan
China
Egypt
Brazil
Australia
2,717,000 sq.km
17,075,000 sq.km
9, 363,000sq.km
244,100 sq.km
9,976,000 sq.km
370,000 sq.km
9,597,000 sq.km
1,001,000 sq.km
8,512,000 sq.km
7,682,292 sq.km
17 millionpeople
146 million people
323 million people
65 million people
35.5 million people
107 million people
1.350billion people
85 million people
205 million people
23.5 million people
b) Answer the questions:
What continent is each country from the table situated on?
What country is the largest (the smallest) by its area?
What countries are larger (smaller) than Kazakhstan?
What country has the largest (the smallest) population?
What are the capitals of the countries?
c) Say some sentences about any country by the plan:
Geographical position.
Area.
Population.
Capital.
Exercise 5. a) Guess what countries are described.
- This country is situated in Asia. It borders on Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan
and India. There are such mountains as the Himalayas and the Tibet. The largest river
is the Hwang Ho. The country has the second largest territory and the largest
population in the world. What’s the country and its capital?
- The country is situated on the North America continent. It borders on Canada
in the north and Mexico in the south. The country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in
the east and the Pacific Ocean in the west. The population is 280 million people.
Guess the country.
b) Make your own description of any country and let others guess it.

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Exercise  6.  Look  at  the  map  of  the  United  Kingdom  and  find  the  place-
names of Vocabulary Part II.
Exercise 7. Translate the sentences into Kazakh / Russian.
1. Great Britain is situated on the British Isles.
2. The UK is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, by the North Sea in the
east.
3. Great Britain is separated from Ireland by the Irish Sea.
4. The UK is separated from the continent by the English Channel and the
Strait of Dover.
5. The capital of England is London.
6. The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh.
7. Cardiff is the capital of Wales.
8. Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.

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9. London stands on the Thames River.
10. The Severn is the longest river in Great Britain.
11. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain on the territory of the UK.
II. GRAMMAR EXERCISES
TABLE 1. ACTIVE VOICE
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect Continuous
Usually,
generally,
always, every
day,
sometimes, on
Sundays,
seldom, often
Now, at
present,
at the
moment,
Listen! Look!
Today, this
week,
this month,
this year,
lately, just,
since, ever,
never,
already, yet,
recently
For an hour, for a
long time, since
yesterday, since 5
o’clock, how long,
since when
Present I ask.
He asks.
We ask.
You ask.
They ask.
I am asking.
He is asking.
We are asking.
You are asking.
They are
asking.
I have asked.
He has asked.
We have asked.
You have
asked.
They have
asked.
I have been asking.
He has been asking.
We have been
asking.
You have been
asking.
They have been
asking.
Do I ask?
Does he ask?
Is he asking?
Are they
asking?
Has he asked?
Have you
asked?
Has he been asking?
Have you been
asking?
I do not ask.
He does not ask.
He is not
asking.
They are not
asking.
I have not
asked.
They have not
asked.
I have not been
asking.
They have not been
asking.
Yesterday, last
week, an hour
ago, on
Monday, in
1979, during
the war
All day long,
all day
yesterday, all
the time, the
whole evening,
from4 till 8, at
5 o’clock,
during the
war
By 5 o’clock,
by Saturday,
by the 15
th
 of
December, by
the end of the
year, by that
time
For two hours, for
three months, for a
long time
Past
I asked.
He asked.
I was asking.
He was asking.
I had asked.
He had asked.
I had been asking.
He had been asking.

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You asked.
We asked.
They asked.
You were
asking.
We were
asking.
They were
asking.
You had asked.
We had asked.
They had
asked.
You had been
asking.
We had been asking.
They had been
asking.
Did I ask?
Was he asking? Had you
asked?
Had you been
asking?
I did not ask.
He was not
asking.
He had not
asked.
He had not been
asking
All day long,
all day
tomorrow, all
the time, the
whole evening,
from 5 till 6
At 5 o’clock,
at noon, at
that moment,
at midnight,
all day long,
all day
tomorrow, all
the time, the
whole evening,
from 5 till 6
By 5 o’clock,
by Saturday,
by the 15
th
 of
December, by
the end of the
year, by that
time
When you come I
shall have been
working for 2
hours
Future I shall/will ask.
He will ask.
We shall/will
ask.
You will ask.
They will ask.
I shall/will be
asking.
He will be
asking.
We shall/will
be asking.
You will be
asking.
They will be
asking.
I shall/will
have asked.
He will have
asked.
We shall/will
have asked.
You will have
asked.
They will have
asked.
I shall/will have
been
asking.
He will have been
asking.
We shall/will have
been asking.
You will have been
asking.
They will have been
asking.
Will he ask?
Will she be
asking?
Will you have
asked?
Will they have been
asking?
He will not ask.  She will not be
asking.
You will not
have asked.
They will not have
been asking.
Exercise 1. Put the verbs in brackets in Present Simple.
1.The UK (to occupy) the British Isles.
2. The UK (to consist) of four main parts: Scotland, Wales, England and
Northern Ireland.
3. 65 million people (to live) in Great Britain.
4. London (to stand) on the river Thames which (to flow) into the North Sea.
5. In London as everywhere in Great Britain the traffic (to keep) to the left.
6. The bell (to weigh) 13 tons.

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7. On New Year’s night people (to come) to the Clock Tower to see the New
Year in.
8. The leek (to break) into blossom on St. David’s Day.
9. People from all over the world (to come) to see Shakespeare’s birthplace.
10. Wales (to have) got two national symbols.
Exercise 2. Answer the questions by the model:
Model: What does a driver do? – He drives.
What do drivers do? – They drive.
1. What does a singer do?
2. What does a runner do?
3. What do students do?
4. What does a dancer do?
5. What do cooks do?
6. What do dancers do?
7. What does a painter do?
8. What do teachers do?
9. What does a builder do?
10. What do writers do?
Exercise 3. Change the sentences by the model:
Model: I write to parents. – He writes to parents.
They grow potatoes. – She grows potatoes.
1. I think, I am ill. 2. They often visit their Granny. 3. We live in Leeds. 4. You
usually speak too quickly. 5. Do you like boiled potatoes? 6. The boys box in the
gymnasium on Fridays. 7. His dogs always attack the neighbours. 8. Heavy trucks
make a lot of noise.
Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps with the verb of Present Simple in negative
form.
Model: She plays the piano, but she _____ it very well. – She plays the piano,
but she doesn’t play it well.
1. That shop sells office furniture, but it ______computers.
2. Scott smokes a lot, but he ________before breakfast.
3. We know Robert, but we _______ his father.
4. His father gives him pocket-money, but he ________him much.
5. I feel tired, but I ______ feel unwell.
6. English people eat a lot of potatoes, but they _______ much rice.
Exercise 5. Ask questions to the sentences beginning with the words in
brackets.
Model: Bob plays chess (How often?) – How often does Bob play chess?
1. Felix watches birds every morning (How often?)
2. I write to my parents twice a week (How often?)
3. I have dinner at 7 o’clock in the evening (What time / usually?)

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4. She works at a hospital (Where?)
5. She goes to the Zoo (Who?)
6. People do stupid things (Why?)
7. The motor breaks down (What?)
Exercise 6. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the corresponding verb in
Present Simple.
1. Her new job is very interesting. She (to meet)__________ a lot of people.
2. What temperature __________ water (to boil) __________ at?
3. This coat is very expensive! It (to cost) __________ a lot of money.
4. The City Museum (to close) __________ at 5 o’clock every evening.
5. What __________ this exotic animal (to eat) __________ ?
6. Barbara is a lecturer. She (to teach) __________ Physics in Oxford
University.
7. How many times a week __________ you (to wash) __________ your hair?
8. She usually (to have) __________ breakfast at 8 a.m.
9. How many languages __________ they (to speak)__________?
10. On Sunday I usually (to get up)__________ very late as I don’t have to go
to work.
11. Every Saturday he (to go)__________ to the stadium and   (to
play)
__________ football.
12. __________ they (to live)__________ in the centre of the city?
13. In summer the children (to eat) __________ a lot of fruit.
14. He is a good driver. He (to drive)__________ very well.
15. It often (to rain)__________ here in autumn.
Exercise 7. Write 3 forms of the irregular verbs and their translation (see
the APPENDIX).
Come, find, grow, become, build, be, lose, buy, tell, fall, break, see, forget,
have, say, keep, know, write, do, go.
Exercise 8. Put the verbs in brackets in Past Simple.
1. The Tower once (to serve) _______as a royal residence and later as a prison.
2. When Julius Caesar (to come) to Britain in the year 55 B.C., he (to find)
_________ a small settlement on the bank of the Thames.
3. As years (to pass) ________ by, the small settlement (to grow)   ______
into a large town and in 1066 (to become) _______ the capital  of the country.
4. The English people (to build) ____________the tower and clock in 1858.
5. The man in charge of building the clock tower (to be) _______ Sir Benjamin
Hall. This man (to be)_______very tall and the workers and his friends (to
call)________him Big Ben so they (to call)________the bell Big Ben too.
6. The architect Charles Barry (to design) ________ the present buildings of
the Houses of Parliament in the Gothic Revival style.
7. Admiral Nelson’s fleet (to defeat)___________the French and Spanish
navies.

99
8. The rival between the Lancastrians and the Yorkists(to end) ________
when King Henry VII, the Lancastrian, (to marry) _____________Princess
Elizabeth, the daughter of the Yorkist.
Exercise 9. Answer the questions using the words in brackets.
Model: Did Sheila sing at the party? (beautifully) – Yes, she sang
beautifully.
1. Did you find your house? (easily)
2. Did Peter speak Spanish? (fluently)
3. Did Mike drive the car? (carefully)
4. Did she do the work alone? (quickly)
5. Did it rain yesterday? (hard)
6. Did Betty learn the poem? (easily)
7. Did she send the telegram? (immediately)
8. Did John play the violin? (very well)
9. Did you enjoy the party? (very much)
10. Did it snow on Sunday? (hard)
Exercise 10. Complete the sentences. Use one of these verbs in Past Simple.
clean     die     enjoy     finish     happen     live     open     play
rain     smoke     start     stay     want     watch
1. Yesterday evening he______ TV.
2. I ______ my teeth three times yesterday.
3. Bernard _________ 20 cigarettes yesterday evening.
4. The concert last night _______ at 7.30 and __________ at 10 o’clock.
5. The accident _______ last Sunday afternoon.
6. When I was a child, I __________ to be a doctor.
7. Mozart __________ from 1756 to 1791.
8. We __________ our holiday last year. We __________ at a very good hotel.
9. Today the weather is nice, but yesterday it ________.
10. It was hot in the room, so I _________ the window.
11. The weather was good yesterday afternoon so we ________ tennis.
12. William Shakespeare ____________ in 1616.
Exercise 11. Put the verbs in brackets in Past Simple.
1. The doctor __________ (to tell) me to stay at home for several days.
2. John __________ (to buy) some flowers for her birthday.
3. Yesterday the performance __________ (to start) at 7.30 and __________
(to finish) at 10 o’clock.
4. She __________ (not to come) to the lesson. What __________ (to happen)
to her?
5. On Tuesday Tom __________ (to fall) and __________ (to break) his arm.

100
6. When he __________ (to be) a child, he __________ (to want) to be a
singer.
7. I __________ (not to see) anyone in the office.
8. The pupil __________ (to forget) to do his homework the day before
yesterday.
9. I’m sorry I’m late, I __________ (to miss) the train.
10. Bill __________ (to lose) his keys last week.
Exercise 12
.
Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the corresponding verb
in Future Simple.
1. It (to take) __________ him an hour to get to school.
2. My friend (to become) __________ a doctor in two years.
3. She (to work) __________ in the library when she graduates from the
Institute.
4. The grandfather (to take) __________ his umbrella if it rains.
5. Tom and Ann (to have) __________ a long conversation. They haven’t seen
each other for a long time.
6. I wonder what they (to talk)__________ about.
7. He (not to borrow) __________ any money from his friend. He got his
salary yesterday.
8. They (to know) __________ the result in a week.
9. I (to remember) __________ this day all my life.
10. __________ you (to come)__________ again next year?
Exercise 13
.
Ask special questions to the sentences beginning with the
words in brackets.
Model: I’ll see Alec on Tuesday. (When?)– When will you see him?
1. Alice will be away for a month. (How long?)
2. I’ll be back in half an hour. (When?)
3. We’ll invite twenty people to the party. (How many?)
4. I’ll be in Rome next week. (Where?)
5. I’ll have my French classes 3 times a week. (How often?)
6. The professor will give two lectures. (How many?)
7. Victor won’t come because he is busy. (Why?)
8. Mike will buy the tickets. (Who?)
9. She will study art. (What?)
10. They will pay him 3000 dollars. (Whom?)
11. I’ll be in the library at 4 o’clock. (Where?)
12. She will marry John Smith. (Who?)
Exercise 14. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the corresponding verb
in Present Continuous.
1. Hurry up! The train __________ (to come).
2. Ann, __________ you __________ (to work) at the week-end?
3. Look! Peter __________ (to swim) in the lake.

101
4. Please, be quiet. We__________ (to listen) to the radio.
5. It’s so warm outside! Why __________ Ted __________ (to wear) a coat?
6. The child __________ (to sleep) now.
7. The family __________ (to sit) at the table and _________ (to have) dinner.
8. The girl __________ (to look) for her English textbooks.
9. The students __________ (to prepare) for their exams.
10. It __________ (to snow) hard.
Exercise 15. Use Present Simple or Present Continuous in the sentences.
1. I (wear) a suit now. I (not wear) jeans now. 2. My friend (not like) to play
football. 3. My younger sister (eat) sweets every day, but my elder sister (not eat)
sweets now. 4. Children (do) their homework in the afternoon. They (not go) for a
walk in the evening. 5. My father (work) every day, but he (not work) on Sunday.
6. They (not play) in the street now.They (play) in the room now? No, they (play) in
the garden.7. He (help) his mother every day? He (not help) his mother every day.
8. She (work) in the shop now?
Exercise 16
.
Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the corresponding verb
in Past Continuous.
1. What __________ you (to do)__________ at 5 p.m.? - I (to clean)
__________ the room.
2. At that moment my teacher (to speak)__________ over the telephone.
3. The mother asked her children not to make so much noise as the father (to
work)__________ in the study.
4. Yesterday we (to ski) _____________ in the forest the whole day.
5. When I came to the party all the guests (to dance)______________ .
6. What __________ you (to discuss)______________ at the meeting yester
day?
7. While Jane (to wash up)___________, Ann (to make)_______ sandwiches.
8. I (to learn)__________ English grammar all day long yesterday.
Exercise 17. Use Future Simple or Future Continuous.
1.You (know) her. She (stand) at the news stand. She (wear) a scarlet rain coat.
2. I (tell) her everything and I (show) her the papers. I promise you she (not smile)
this time. 3. There (not be) anyone in when we (come). The secretary (have) lunch. 4.
It (rain) when we (get) there. 5. Go straight up the street. The car (wait) for you at the
entrance to the department store.
Exercise 18. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the corresponding verb
in Present Perfect.
1. I (to see) _________ you for ages. What (to happen) ___________ to you?
2. Sally’s car looks very old. How long __________ she (to have)________ it?
3. Why __________ you (to do) __________ your homework? I told you it
was necessary.
4. This organization (to help) __________ hundreds of disabled children.

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5. __________ you(to be) __________ (ever) to India?
6. “Where’s Pamela?” –“She (to go) __________ (just) to the exhibition.”
7. If you (to see)_____________ that film before, I advise you to see it.
Exercise 19. Fill in the gaps in the sentences with the corresponding verb
in Past Perfect
.
1. They (to know)__________ each other for 3 years before they got married.
2. Her letter was a wonderful surprise. I (not to expect)__________ to get it.
3. The workers (to finish) __________ painting the floor when I arrived.
4. She said she (to see) __________ these animal before because she (to be)
__________ (never) to the Zoo.
5. The Browns (to build) __________ their house by 2009.
6. They (to receive)__________ a letter by the time their son was born.
7. He told them he (to work) __________ at a plant before the army.
8. She (not to write) __________ the letter by 6 o’clock and the manager was
angry.
Exercise 20. Give the correct form of the Future Perfect of the verb in
brackets:
1. I (translate) this letter by 6 o’clock this afternoon.
2. I (make) this doll by her birthday.
3. He (not/learn) his lesson by tomorrow, if he has not yet begun to study it.
4. This work is so difficult, that I (not/complete) it in a year’s time.
5. After you finish reading this book, you (learn) over a thousand words.
6. By the end of the month the commission (come) to some decision.
7. If she returns after 1 July, I won’t see her since I already (go) to the South by
the time.
Exercise 21. Put the verbs in brackets in the corresponding grammar
tense. Translate the text.
The Tower of London
The Tower of London (to be –Present Simple) one of the oldest buildings in
London. Its White Hall (to be – Past Simple) built by William the Conqueror in 1078.
The Tower (to serve – Past Simple) many purposes: a
fortress, a Royal Palace, a prison, a treasure, a mint, an
arsenal, an observatory, a Royal Zoo.
In the early days in the history of England the
English kings (to live – Past Simple) in the Tower. Then
it (to be – Past Simple) a prison where people (to die –
Past Simple), black ravens (to have – Past Simple) much
food near the walls of the Tower in those days. The black
ravens (to live – Present Simple)in the gardens of the
Tower now. The English people (to say- Present Simple)

103
that the Crown of England (to fall – Future Simple) if the ravens (to leave – Present
Simple)the Tower. The ravens of the Tower (to be – Present Perfect) under the Royal
protection for many years.
Now the Tower of London (to be – Present Simple) a museum and many
people from other countries (to come– Present Simple)to see it. They (to see– Present
Simple)the  dark  stone  halls  with  small  windows  and  thick  doors.  The  walls  of  the
Tower (to be – Present Simple) five meters thick. The Tower (to house– Present
Simple) the unique collection of arms and armour, instruments of torture. It (to keep-
Present Perfect Continuous) the Crown Jewels for many years.
III. READING
Exercise 1.Read and translate the following text:
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
The official name
of Great Britain is the United
Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland. It
is situated in the
northwest  of  Europe.  The  UK
occupies the British Isles.
Great Britain is surrounded by
water. It is washed by the
Atlantic Ocean and the North
Sea. Great Britain is
separated from the continent by
the English Channel and the Strait of Dover, from Ireland by the Irish Sea.
The UK consists of four parts: Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland.
Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland, Cardiff is the capital of Wales, Belfast is the
capital of Northern Ireland, and London is the capital of England and the UK.
The largest cities are Birmingham, Glasgow, Leeds, Liverpool and Sheffield.
The territory of the UK is 244,100 square kilometers. The population is 65 million
people. The official language of the state is English.
The relief of the country is various. There are mountains, lakes, rivers, plains,
forests in the UK. The longest river is the Severn, while the Thames is the deepest
one. The highest mountain Ben Nevis is situated in Scotland. The climate of the state
is mild.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of the state is the
Queen. The head of the Government is the Prime Minister.
The flag of the UK is called the Union Jack and made up of three crosses red
and white on the blue background.
Exercise 2. Agree or disagree:
1. The UK occupies the British Isles.
2. Its population is over 70 million people.
3. The UK is made up of three parts: Scotland, Wales and England.
4. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.
5. Cardiff is the capital of Northern Ireland.

104
6. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain on the territory of the UK.
7. The flag of the UK is called theStars and Stripes.
8. The longest river on the territory of Great Britain is the Thames.
9. Great Britain and Ireland are separated by the English Channel.
10. The head of the United Kingdom is the Queen.
Exercise 3. Using the vocabulary words translate the following sentences
into English:
1. Ұлыбритания  мен  Солтүстік  Ирландияның  Біріккен  патшалығы
Еуразия  континентінің  солтүстік-батыс  бөлігінде  орналасқан./Соединённое
королевство  Великобритании  и  Северной  Ирландии  расположено  на  северо-
западе от Евразийского континента.
2. Британдықаралдар
5000-нанастамкішкентай 
жəнеекіүлкен:
Ұлыбритания  жəне  Ирландия  аралдарынан  тұрады. / Британские  острова
состоят из свыше 5000 маленьких и двух больших островов: Великобританиии
Ирландии.
3. Ұлыбритания  континенттен  Ла-Манш  жəне  Па-де-Кале  бұғаздарымен
бөлінеді. / Великобритания  отделяется  от  континента  проливами  Ла-Манш  и
Па-де-Кале.
4. Біріккен  патшалық  жағалауы  Атлант  мұхитымен, Солтүстік  жəне
Ирланд 
теңіздерімен, Ла-Манш 
жəне 
Па-де-Кале 
бұғаздарымен
шайылады./Побережье 
Соединённого 
королевства 
омывается 
водами
Атлантического океана, Северного и Ирландского морей, проливом Ла-Манш и
Па-де-Кале.
5. Ұлыбританияның  рельефі  əртүрлі: қыраттар, таулар  жəне  жазық
жерлер, бар. / Рельеф 
Великобритании 
разнообразный: имеются
возвышенности, горы и равнины.
6. Біріккен  патшалықта 65 миллионнан  астам  адам  тұрады. /В
Соединённом королевстве проживают более 65 миллионов людей.
7. Елдің  ресми  тілі – ағылшын  тілі. / Официальным  языком  страны
является английский язык.
8. Біріккен  патшалықтағы  басқару  формасы  конституциялық  монархия
болып  табылады. / Форма  правления  в  Соединённом  королевстве –
конституционная монархия.
9. Елдің  басшысы – Королева, мемлекет  басшысы – Премьер-министр. /
Главой  государства  является  Королева, а  главой  правительства – Премьер-
Министр.
10. Темза  өзенінде  тұрған  Лондон – Англияның  астанасы. / Столицей
Англии является Лондон, который стоит на реке Темзa.

105
Exercise  4.  Read  about  10  best  places  to  visit  in  England.  Write  the
translation of the underlined words.
10 Best Places to Visit in England
(by www.touropia.com)
England is a great place to visit, whether travelers are making their first or
umpteenth trip abroad. That’s partly because the language barrier isn’t there for
English speakers, though one can hear languages from throughout the world spoken
here. First-time visitors may just want to hit the highlights, such as Westminster
Abbey or shopping at Knightsbridge in London and perhaps visit a university town or
Stonehenge. Return visitors might opt for hiking on the moors, investigating the
nooks and crannies of picturesque villages, or digging into their English heritage. The
best places to visit in England truly offer something for everyone.
1. London
No  superlative  is  too  great  when  it  comes  to
describing London, the capital of England and the UK.
This bustling city is history personified from Westminster
Abbey to Buckingham Palace – be sure to watch the
Changing of the Guards. Shopping, from Knightsbridge to
Carnaby Street, is a must as is riding a red double-decker
bus  and  the  ‘tube’,  or  subway  where  one  is  constantly
reminded to ‘mind the gap’. London is also famous for live theatre; be sure to stop in
at local pub for a pint after a performance.
2. Stonehenge & Avebury
One of the most popular places to visit in England,
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument found in Wiltshire.
From about 2500BC, Neolithic and Bronze Age man
started to bring gigantic stones from Wales and the
Marlborough Downs. It was not until 1600BC that
Stonehenge came to be completed. A trip to Stonehenge is
best  combined  with  a  trip  to  prehistoric  Avebury  to  the
north, which has an even bigger stone circle, with fewer restrictions, and far fewer
tourists.
3. York
York is a walled city with a rich heritage located
where the River Foss meets the River Ouse. Plenty of
exciting sights compete for visitors’ attention  as  they
stroll  along  the  city’s  cobblestone  streets.  One  of  the
city’s landmarks is York Minster. This commanding stone

106
cathedral is filled with remarkable works of art. The medieval Clifford’s Tower,
which was built by William the Conqueror and rebuilt by Henry III in the 13
th
century, is a great vantage point for panoramic views around the city.
4. Oxford
Oxford dates back to Saxon England when it was
known as Oxenaford or a place where oxen crossed a
river. Today it is known as home to the oldest university
in the English-speaking world, Oxford University, which
dates back to the 12
th
 century. This southeastern England
town, the county seat for Oxfordshire, also boasts the
remains of Norman castles, and the Christ Church Cathedral, a college chapel and
cathedral rolled into one building. Because students come from all over the world to
study here, Oxford is an ethnically diverse city.
5. Jurassic Coast
Jurassic Coast is a section in southern England that
runs roughly from Bournemouth to Exmouth. The rocks date
back 185 million years to when the continents were
crunching up against each other and then drifting apart.
Museums along the way explain each region; Charmouth is
the best place to find fossils. Fossil hunters, and all visitors,
should  take  time  to  walk  the  beaches  or  visit  the  small  charming  towns  along  the
way. Take care when walking near cliffs since rocks can fall at any time.
6. Cambridge
Cambridge is an historic city about 80 km (50 miles)
north of London that is home to the University of
Cambridge, one of the top universities in the world. It was
founded in 1209; its students make up almost 20 percent of
the city’s 123,000 population. After touring the university,
travelers may want to take a boat ride on the River Cam, visit
the Fitzwilliam Museum with its huge collection of antiquities,  or  walk  across  the
Mathematical Bridge that some claim is better than bridges in Venice.
7. Bath
Bath got its name because that’s what it was when it
was founded by the Romans in 60 A.D., who built baths here
because of the hot springs. It reached its popularity peak in
the Georgian years when the wealthy flocked here for spas.
Besides being famous for its waters, the city also is an

107
excellent example of Georgian architecture. The city has an active cultural scene
today, with live theatre and fine dining. This southwestern English city makes a good
base from which to visit the monolithic Stonehenge.
8. St. Ives
Located on the coast, St. Ives may be a former fishing
town but it still has the only port in southeastern England’s
Cornwall. Today this picturesque town of almost 12,000 is
such a popular holiday resort  it  was  named  the  Best  UK
Seaside Town in 2010 and 2011. Comfortable walking shoes
are a must to get up the hilly, narrow cobblestone streets that
are lined with quaint buildings housing boutiques and art galleries.
9. Lake District
The Lake District in northwest England’s Cumbria is
home to the country’s largest national park. The
mountainous region is known for hikes and mountain
climbing. It’s a popular tourist destination, attracting more
than 15million visitors annually. The park has the highest
mounting in England, Scafell Peak, and the longest lake,
Windermere. Others may prefer more gentle walks through the valleys while they
contemplate the works of William Wordsworth, a famous 19
th
 century poet, or riding
a steam train through the scenic are.
10. Brighton
Brighton, on the Sussex coast, has been a popular
beach resort since the mid-19
th
 century. Much of its
popularity is due to the proximity to London, making it
popular with day trippers. The beachfront is lined with
graceful old Victorian homes that today provide tourist
accommodations. Visitors will want to walk out on the
famous Palace Pier or admire the traditional English gardens. The city has a vibrant
night life, and is home to many entertainers and athletes.
Exercise 5. Read and translate the text.
London
London, the capital of Great Britain, is one of the oldest British cities. It stands
on the river Thames which flows into the North Sea. For centuries entry to London
from the sea was guarded by the Tower fortress. The Tower was built 9 centuries ago.
It once served as a royal residence and later as a prison. Now it is a museum.

108
When Julius Caesar
came to Britain in the year
55  B.C.,  he  found  a  small
settlement  on  the  bank  of
the Thames. As years
passed
 by,
 the
 small
settlement grew into a large
town and in 1066 became
the capital of the country.
Now London is one of the
largest cities in the world
with the population of more
than 8 million people.
The historical centre of the UK
capital is the City of
London. The City is London’s
business district. Banks,
offices, trusts are centered here.The
streets in the City are
narrow and the traffic is very slow.
One of the most interesting
monuments in the City is St. Paul’s
Cathedral. Inside there is a
great number of monuments to
generals and admirals.
Admiral  Nelson  and  Duke  of
Wellington are buried there
among other great Englishmen.
The West End is the richest
and the most beautiful part
of London. It is a district of rich
shops, fine houses, and
palaces, gardens and parks, theatres, concert halls and restaurants. There is
Buckingham Palace which is the Queen’s residence, Westminster Abbey where
coronations of all the British monarchs take place and the Houses of Parliament with
famous clock Big Ben.
The best-known streets in London are Whitehall with important Government
offices, Downing Street where house number 10 is London residence of the Prime
Minister and the place where the Cabinet meets, Fleet Street where most newspapers
have their offices, Harley Street where the highest-paid doctors live and some others.
The East End is the
industrial part of London,
the district of factories and
docks. The port of London
is here.
There  is  a  lot  of
traffic in the streets of
London: buses, motor-cars
and taxis. Most of London
buses are the famous red
double-deckers that have
two decks for passengers. In
London as everywhere in
Great Britain the traffic keeps to the left.
Exercise 6. Fill in the gaps in the sentences.
1. London is the capital of _________________________________________.
2. London stands on the bank of the river ___________________________.
3. The fortress Tower served as a _________________________________.
4. London _____________________ is more than 8 mln people.
5. The City is London’s _________________________________________.
6. Buckingham Palace is the Queen’s ____________________ in London.
7. The coronations of all the British monarchs take place in _______________.
8. Downing Street, 10 is London residence of __________________________.
9. Most of London’s _______________________________ are in Fleet Street.
10. __________________ are famous London buses.

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Exercise 7. Read the texts about the most interesting places of London and
translate them:
10 Top Tourist Attractions in London
(bywww.touropia.com)
London is one of the largest cities in the world with a population of 8 million
people. It is a leading global city of culture, fashion, finance, politics and trade and
remains one of the most visited cities by international tourists in the world. The city
contains many famous landmarks and getting around is easy. The famous London
Underground, also known as the Tube, is one of the most extensive subway networks
in the world. Read an overview of the top tourist attractions in London.
1. Big Ben
The 150 year old Big Ben Clock Tower is one of
the top tourist attractions in London. The name Big Ben
actually refers not to the clock tower itself, but to the 13
ton bell housed within the tower and takes its name from
the man who first ordered the bell, Sir Benjamin Hall.
The present-day Big Ben bell was constructed in 1858
after a first bell of 16 tons cracked irreparably two years
prior. The clock has become a popular attraction and has appeared in many films. In
the movie Mars Attacks! for example the Big Ben is destroyed by a UFO attack.
2. Tower of London and Tower Bridge
Now home to the British Crown Jewels, the Tower
of London was built by William the Conqueror in 1078.
It served as a prison from 1100 to the mid twentieth
century. This has led to the phrase ‘sent to the Tower’,
meaning imprisoned. Famous prisoners include Sir
Thomas More, King Henry VI, Anne Boleyn and
Catherine Howard (wives of King Henry VIII) and
Rudolph Hess. Today the Tower of London is one of the
most popular London tourist attractions.
Tower Bridge over the River Thames is close to the
Tower of London, which gives it its name and has become
an iconic symbol of London.

110
3. British Museum
Established in 1753, the British Museum in
London is a museum of human history and culture. Its
collections, which number more than seven million
objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive
in the world and originate from all continents,
illustrating and documenting the story of human culture
from its beginnings to the present. Objects include the
Rosetta Stone, the key to the deciphering of hieroglyphs, and the largest collection of
mummies outside of Egypt.
4. Buckingham Palace
Buckingham Palace is the main residence of
Queen Elizabeth II although it is owned by the British
state and is not the monarch’s personal property. The
Forecourt of Buckingham Palace is used for Changing of
the Guard, a major ceremony and tourist attraction.
Between May and July the guard changes each morning
and on alternate days the rest of the year. Since 1993, the
palace’s state rooms have been open to the public during August and September.
5. Trafalgar Square
Trafalgar  Square  is  a  large  city  square
commemorating Lord Horatio Nelson’s victory against
Napoleon’s navy at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The
central  monument  within  the  square  is  a  single  tall
column on which the figure of Nelson stands gazing
over London. His monument is surrounded by four
colossal lions and a series of large fountains. Much more
than just an open plaza, Trafalgar Square is one of the most famous city squares in
the world and has become a social and political location for tourists and Londoners
alike.
6. St. Paul’s Cathedral
Built in the 17
th
 century, St. Paul’s Cathedral is
one of London’s most famous and most recognizable
sights. The Cathedral was heroically saved by
firefighters when it was bombed during the Second
World  War.  Its  impressive  dome  was  inspired  by
St.Peter’s Basilica in Rome and rises 118 meters (365 ft)

111
to the cross at its summit. It was the tallest building in London from 1710 to 1962,
and its dome is also among the highest in the world.
7. Palace of Westminster
The Palace of Westminster (more widely known
as the Houses of Parliament) is the seat of Parliament in
the United Kingdom. The present building largely dates
from the 19
th
 century when it was rebuilt following a fire
in a splendid example of Victorian neo-Gothic
architecture. The House of Commons (elected Members
of Parliament) is located to the north of the building and
is decorated with green leather upholstery, and the House of Lords is located to the
south and decorated with red leather upholstery.
8. Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey is a large, mainly Gothic,
church located just to the west of the Palace of
Westminster. It is one of the most notable religious
buildings in the United Kingdom and is the traditional
place of coronation and burial site for English and, later,
British monarchs. Most of the present building dates
from 1245 to 1272 when Henry III decided to rebuild an
old abbey in the Gothic style. The building was later significantly expanded: the
Chapel of Henry VII was added between 1503 and 1512, while the two West Front
Towers date from 1745.
9. London Eye
Situated on the banks of the River Thames, the
London Eye is an enormous, 135 meter (443 ft) high
observation wheel carrying 32 exterior glass-walled
capsules. It offers fantastic views over central London.
The wheel does not usually stop to take on passengers as
the  rotation  rate  is  slow  enough  to  allow  passengers  to
walk on and off the moving capsules at ground level. It
is the most popular paid tourist attraction in the United Kingdom, visited by over 3.5
million people annually.

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10. Wembley Stadium
Wembley Stadium is a football stadium in
Wembley Park, London, England, opened in 2007 on the
site  of  the  original  Wembley  Stadium  which  was
demolished in 2003. The stadium hosts major football
matches including the FA Cup Final and home matches
of the England national football team.
Wembley Stadium is an UEFA category
fourstadium. With 90,000 seats it is the second largest stadium in Europe and the
largest stadium in the United Kingdom.
Exercise 8. Match the description to the picture.
1.
 It
 was
 built
 in
 a
 new
Gothic style after the fire in the mid of
the 19
th
 century. Today the building
houses  two  chambers  –  the  House  of
Lords and the House of Commons.
a)____________________________
2. It was named after the famous battle
on the Spanish land where admiral
Nelson’s fleet defeated the French and
Spanish navies. The place is dominated
by the 55
th
 meter high Nelson’s
Column.
b)_____________________________
3. London’s most important and
admired  building  and  the  seat  of  the
British monarchy.
c) _____________________________

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4. One of the oldest buildings in London
which served many purposes: a
fortress, a Royal Palace, a prison, a
treasure, a mint, an arsenal, an
observatory, a Royal Zoo.
d) _____________________________
5. One of the towers of the Houses of
Parliament which is world famous with
its clock.
e)______________________________
6. The biggest cathedral of the Church
of England, the seat of the bishopric of
London which was designed by
Christopher Wren.
f)______________________________
Exercise 9. Choose the suitable proper name.
1. The City of London spreads along both sides of the river (Avon, Severn,
Thames).
2. Downing Street, 10 has been the official home of the British (king,
president, Prime Minister) for more than 250 years.
3. The Tower of London was constructed in the 11
th
 century by (William the
Conqueror, Henry the VIII, Queen Victoria).
4. (Piccadilly Circus, Oxford Street, Trafalgar Square) is dominated by the high
column in honor of Admiral Nelson.
5. Many eminent persons are buried in (St. Paul’s Cathedral, the Tower,
Buckingham Palace) including John Wycliffe, Lord Nelson, the Duke of
Wellington, Florence Nightingale, and Christopher Wren.
6. The coronations of all the British monarchs take place in (Westminster
Abbey, Buckingham Palace, the Houses of Parliament).
7. In front of Buckingham Palace there is a memorial to (William the
Conqueror, Queen Victoria, Admiral Nelson).

114
8.  (Buckingham  Palace,  the  Houses  of  Parliament,  St.  Paul’s  Cathedral)  was
designed by Christopher Wren.
Exercise 10. Disagree with the statements. Correct them.
Model: The British Prime Minister lives in Buckingham Palace.
- No, I don’t think that’s correct. Prime Minister lives at 10 Downing
Street. Buckingham Palace is the London residence of the English
Royalty.
1. The Crown Jewels are kept in the Houses of Parliament.
2. The Tower of London is the Royal residence.
3. There is Nelson’s Column in the Piccadilly Circus.
4. Fleet Street is the place where highly-paid doctors live.
5. Speaker’s Corner is in the Trafalgar Square.
IV. SPEAKING
Exercise 1. Read And translate the dialogues.
Could you tell me the way to …? - Сіз маған айта алмайсыз ба ...қалай өтуге
болады? / Не могли бы Вы сказать мне, как пройти к (в) …?
Go down the street – Көшемен төмен жүріңіз. / Идите вниз по улице.
Go straight on – Тіке жүріңіз. / Идитепрямо.
Turn right / left – Оңға / солғабұрылыңыз. / Поверните направо / налево.
Cross the road – Жолдан өтіңіз. / Перейдите дорогу.
Dialogue 1.
-  Excuse  me.  Could  you  tell  me  the  way  to  the
British Museum?
- Yes, of course. Go down the street and turn
right.
- Is it far?
- No, it’s only 5 minutes walk.
- Thank you very much.
- You are welcome.
Dialogue 2.
- Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the Buckingham Palace?
- Turn left and then go straight on and turn right.
- Thank you very much.
- You are welcome
Dialogue 3.
- Excuse me. Where is the Tower?
- Go straight on for 200 meters and turn left.
- Thank you very much.

115
- You are welcome.
Dialogue 4.
- Excuse me. Where is Trafalgar Square?
- Cross the road, turn left and go straight on.
- Is it far?
- No, it’s only 10 minutes walk.
- Thank you very much.
- You are welcome.
Exercise 2. Fill in the gaps in the dialogues.
Dialogue 1.
-________________.Could you tell me the way to ____________________?
- Yes, of course. __________________________________________________
- _____________________________________________________________?
- No, it’s only 5 minutes walk.
- _____________________________________________________________.
- You are welcome.
(Is it far, turn left and then go straight on and turn right, excuse me, the
National Gallery, thank you very much).
Dialogue 2.
- Excuse me. _________________________________to St. Paul’s Cathedral?
- ____________________________________________________________.
- Thank you very much.
- ______________________________________________________________.
(Go  down  the  street  and  turn  right,  you  are  welcome,  could  you  tell  me  the
way).
Dialogue 3.
- Excuse me. ___________________________________________________?
- Go straight on for 200 meters and turn left.
- ______________________________________________________________.
- You are welcome.
(Thank you very much, where is the Westminster Abbey, go down Whitehall
Street for about 300 meters and turn right).
Dialogue 4.
- Excuse me.____________________________________________________?
- ____________________________________________________________.
- Is it far?
- No, __________________________________________________________.
- Thank you very much.
- ______________________________________________________________.

116
(Where is Harley Street, you are welcome, turn left and go straight on, it’s only
5 minutes walk).
Exercise 3. Make up your own dialogues by the models of Exercises 1-2.
V.SELF-WORK
Exercise 1. a) Read and translate the text.
b) Translate into Kazakh / Russian the underlined words.
c) Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. The national symbol of Wales is the red rose.
2. St. David had to live on bread and wild leek for several years.
3. On St. David’s Day the daffodil is worn in the cap badges of every soldier in
every Welsh regiment.
4. The leek breaks into blossom on St. David’s Day.
5. One of the many Welsh names for a daffodil is ‘CenhinenBedr’ which
means ‘Peter’s leek’.
The National Symbol of Wales
Wales has got two national symbols. These are the daffodil and the leek. They
are both connected to the Patron Saint of Wales.
According to the legend, during a battle against the Saxons,
St. David advised his soldiers to wear leeks in their hats, so that they
could easily be distinguished from their enemies.
Another link between the leek and St. David is the belief that he
had to live on bread and wild leek for several years.
However, today each year on St. David’s Day the leek is worn
in the cap badges of every soldier in every Welsh regiment.
But outside the army, many other Welsh people have
substituted the leek by the daffodil, perhaps because it looks more
attractive and certainly smells a lot better.
The daffodil is also associated with St. David’s Day, due to the fact that it
breaks  into  blossom  on  that  day.  Interesting  to  note  that  one  of  the  many  Welsh
names for a daffodil is ‘CenhinenBedr’ which means ‘Peter’s leek’.
Exercise 2. a) Read and translate the text.
b) Translate into Kazakh / Russian the underlined words.
c) Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. The red rose is the symbol of Ireland.
2. The Lancastrians and the Yorkists were struggling for the English throne.
3. The white rose was the emblem of the Lancastrians and the red rose was that
of the Yorkists.

117
4. Their rival ended when King Henry VII, the Lancastrian, married Princess
Elizabeth, the daughter of the Yorkist.
5. Since the Great War the red rose has become the national symbol of
England.
The National Symbol of England
The  red  rose  is  the  symbol  of  England.  It  comes  from  the
history of the country.
This symbol goes back to the War of the Roses, which was the
war  within  the  country.  In  the  15
th
 century two Houses were
struggling for the English throne — the Lancastrians and the
Yorkists.
Red rose was the emblem of the Lancastrians and the white rose was that of the
Yorkists. Their rival ended when King Henry VII, the Lancastrian, married Princess
Elizabeth, the daughter of the Yorkist. Since that time the red rose has become the
national emblem of England.
Exercise 3. a) Read and translate the text.
b) Translate into Kazakh / Russian the underlined words.
c) Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. The purple rose is Scotland’s national symbol.
2. Ancient Greeks landed on the east coast of Scotland.
3. The Norsemen wanted to plunder the land of Scotland.
4. One of the Norsemen stepped on a thistle and screamed with pain.
5. The geese helped the Scots to win over the Norsemen.
The National Symbol of Scotland
For many centuries the purple thistle has been Scotland’s
national emblem.
There is a legend that explains why it became the Scottish
emblem. According to that legend, ancient Scandinavians (the
Norsemen) wanted to plunder the land of Scotland and settle there.
So, they landed on the east coast of Scotland.
The Scots gathered their army to defend the land. They
assembled behind the river Tay and made a camp to have a rest after a long march.
The Scots were sleeping and did not expect the enemies.
When the Norsemen decided to attack the Scots, they took their shoes off not
to make noise. But one of the Norsemen stepped on a thistle. That sudden and sharp
pain  made  him  scream.  So,  the  Scots  heard  this  ‘alarm’  and  put  the  Norsemen  to
fight.
That is how the thistle became the emblem of Scotland.

118
Exercise 4. a) Read and translate the text.
b) Translate into Kazakh / Russian the underlined words.
c) Agree or disagree with the statements:
1. The shamrock is the symbol of England.
2. St. Patrick is the King of Ireland.
3. Saint Patrick used the shamrock, a kind of a white clover with three leaves,
to explain the Holy Trinity.
4. The red hand is in the flag of the Northern Ireland.
5. The heir to the throne of Ireland cut his hand to win the competition for the
country.
The National Symbol of Northern Ireland
The shamrock is the symbol of Northern Ireland. It is also
connected to St. Patrick, Patron Saint of Ireland.
Saint Patrick is most famous for bringing Christianity to
Ireland. The legend tells how he used the shamrock, a kind of a white
clover with three leaves, to explain the Holy Trinity. Apparently, he
used it to show how the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit could all exist as separate
elements of the same entity.
The red hand is also a symbol of Northern Ireland. The Red Hand is in its flag.
According to the myth, there was time when the heir to the throne  of  Ireland  was
undecided. And they decided to hold a boat-race and the winner (the first who would
reach the shore of Ulster) would be the king. One competitor so much desired the
country that when he saw that he was losing the race, he cut his hand threw it to the
shore and won. The hand is most likely red because it was covered with blood.
Exercise 5. a) Read and translate the text.
b) Translate into Kazakh / Russian the underlined words.
c) Answer the questions:
1. Why does Britain attract many visitors?
2. What places of interest can visitors see in the UK?
3. What do you know about Stonehenge?
4. What is Stratford-upon-Avon famous for?
Sightseeing in Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Northern Ireland is a country of strong attraction for tourists.
The charm of it lies in its variety of scenery: the finest
combination of sea, highland and valleys, lakes and rivers,
fields and meadows.
The UK is the country with a long and exciting history
and a rich cultural heritage. People from different corners of our planet go there to
see Stonehenge, a relic of an ancient civilization, Loch Ness and its legendary

119
monster, the Royal residence and numerous castles. The cities and towns of Britain –
London, Glasgow, Edinburgh, Oxford and Cambridge and many others – present a lot
of interest to foreigners.
Stonehenge is the most
famous prehistoric
monument  in  Britain.  The
number of visitors
who come to see it increases
year after year.
Stonehenge is located in the
middle of Salisbury
plain, England, and it won’t
take you long to get
there by car or coach from
London. Stonehenge
is not a single structure, but
the arrangement of
large stones that were built over a period of approximately 1,500 years. Today, it is
widely  believed  that  Neolithic  peoples  of  the  British  Isles  began  constructing  the
monument about 5,000 years ago.
Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born, is now one of the most
popular tourist centers. People from all over the
world come to see Shakespeare’s birthplace. There
are a lot of relics in the town associated with
Shakespeare and his immortal works: the Grammar
School where he studied, the church where he was
buried, the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. The town is
famous for its great Shakespeare festivals which are
held annually from April to September.
Exercise 6. a) Read and translate the text.
b) Translate into Kazakh / Russian the underlined words.
c) Answer the questions:
1. What are the houses on the British Parliament?
2. How many members are there in the House of Commons?
3. What period are MPs elected for?
4. Who are called ‘front benches’?
5. Are the members of the House of Lords elected?
6. Who sits on the ‘Woolsack’?
The British Parliament
The  British  Parliament  is  the  oldest  in  the  world.  It
consists of the House of Lords and the House of Commons
and the Queen as its head.
The House of Commons plays the major role in law-
making.  It  consists  of  650  Members  of  Parliament (called
MPs for short). Each of them represents an area in England,
Scotland, Wales and Ireland. MPs are elected at
parliamentary elections held every 5 years and it is the Prime Minister who decides
on the exact day of the election.

120
The House of Commons is
presided
over by the Speaker. MPs sit on two
sides of
the hall, one side for the governing
party and
the other for the opposition. The
first 2
rows of seats are occupied by the
leading
members of both parties (called
‘front
benches’). The back benches belong
to the
rank-and-life MPs. Each session of the House of Commons lasts for 160-175 days.
Parliament has intervals during his work. MPs are paid for their parliamentary work
and have to attend the sittings.
The House of Lords has more than 1000
members, although only about 250 take an active

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