Е. В. Баранова, С. М. Хасенова а в т о м а т т а н д ы р ы л ғ а н ж ү й е л е р д І ң ө н д е л у І

№ 2   2 0 1 0   г.
Э м а л ь д а н ғ а н  ш о й ы н  к о р п у с т ы  а п п а р а т т а р  
0
,
3
-
0,6
 М П а  ш а р т т ы  қ ы с ы м д а ж ә н г  
0
,
16
-
2,0 
м і   н о м и н а л ь д ы   к ө л е м д е ,   э м а л ь д а н ғ а н   б о л а т   к о р п у с т ы   а п п а р а т т а р  
0,6
  М П а   ш а р т т ы  
қ ы с ы м д а   ж э н г  
0
,
063
-   т е н  
25
  м і - r e   д е й і н г і   н о м и н а л ь д ы   к ө л е м д е   ж ұ м ы с   і с т ^ т е   а р н а л ы п  
ш ы ғ а р ы л а д ы .
2.4 
ГуммирлЕНГСН  аппараттар 
[
8
] .   В е р т и к а л ь д ы   т и п т і   г у м м и р л е н г е н   а п п а р а т т а р  
а л ы н б а л ы   э л л и п т и к а л ы қ   қ а қ п а қ п е н   ж ә ж   д ә ж к е р ж н г е н   э л л и п т и к а л ы қ   т ү п п е н ,   н г м е с е  
а л ы н б а л ы   ж а й п а қ   қ а қ п а қ п е н   ж ә н г   д ә ж к е р л е е г е н   ж а й п а қ   т ү п п е н ,   ж м е с е   а л ы н б а л ы  
э л л и п т и к а л ь щ   қ а қ п а қ п е н   ж ә ж   д ә ж к е р л е н г е н   к о н у с т ы қ   т ү п п е н   ш ы ғ а р ы л а д ы .
Б а р л ы қ   т и п т е г і   а п п а р а т г а р д а   қ а л а қ т а р д ы ң   о р н а т ы л у   б ү р ы ш ы   а =
24
°   ж ә н е   ү ш  
қ а л а қ т ы   ж м е с е   а ш ы қ   т у р б и н а л ы   б ү л ғ а ғ ы ш т а р ы   б а р   б о л ы п   қ о л д а н ы л а д ы .
Г у м м и р ж н г е н   а п п а р а т т а р   ж о ғ а р ы д а   қ а р а с т ы р ы л ғ а н   в е р т и к а л ь д ы   а п п а р а т т а р д ы ң  
ө л ш е м і н г   с ә й к е с   д а й ы н д а л а д ы .   А п п а р а т   к о р п у с ы н ы ң   к о н с т р у к ц и я л а р ы н д а   і ш к і   б е т г і  
г у м м и р ж н д і р у   м ү м к і н ш і л і г і н   қ а м т а м а с ы з   е т е т і н   с ә л   ғ а н а   ө з г е р і с т е р   е н г і з і л г е н .
ҚОРЫТЫҢДЫ
Қ а р а с т ы р ы л ғ а н   а р а л а с т ы р у   а п п а р а т т а р ы н ы ң  
к о н с т р у к ц и я л а р ы   к ү р д е л і   б о л ғ а н  
с е б е б і н е н ,   к о р п у с т а р ы н ы ң   к о н ф и г у р а ц и я с ы   и к е м д і   б о л у ы н   қ а ж е т   е т е д і .   А р а л а с т ы р у  
ү р д і с і   м ә ж б ү р л і   т ү р д е   ж ү р е т і н д і к т е н ,   э ж р г и я н ы ң   т ы м   к ө п   ж ұ м с а л у ы   -   о л а р д ы ң   б а с т ы  
к е м ш і л і к т е р і   б о л ы п   т а б ы л а д ы .   О с ы л а й ш а ,   қ а л а қ т а р ы н а   т ү с е т і н   к ө л д е ж ң   ж ү к т е м е  
а у ы р   б о л ғ а н д ы қ т а н ,   о л а р д ы ң  қ о с ы м ш а  б е к і т і л у і ,   а л  а у ы р л ы қ  т ү с е т і н   о р г а н д а р ы   е р е к ш е  
к о н с т р у к ц и я л ы қ   м а т е р и а л д а р д ы   қ о л д а н у д ы   қ а ж е т   е т е д і .
Ж а ң а   л е к т е г і   а р а л а с т ы р ғ ы ш   а п п а р а т т а р д ы ң   ү т ы м д ы   к о н с т р у к ц и я л а р ы н ы ң  
т е о р и я л ы қ   ж ә н е   п р а к т и к а л ы қ   ж г і з д е м е с і н   т а б у   м ә с е л г с і   -   з е р т т е у д і ң   а л ғ а   қ о й ы л ғ а н  
м а қ с а т ы   б о л ы п   т а б ы л а д ы .
ӘДЕБИЕТТЕР
1
. И в а н о в   И . П . ,   У ш а к о в   В .   Г .   О с о б е н н о с т и   р е о д и н а м и ч е с к о г о   п о в е д е н и я   к о н ц е н т ­
р и р о в а н н ы х  р а с т в о р о в   и   д и с п е р с и й  к а у ч у к а .  - В   к н .  :  Р е о ф и з и к а  и  р е о д и н а м и к а  т е к у щ и х  
с и с т е м . - М и н с к ,  
1970
.  С .  
156
-
162
.
2
.  И с а к о в   А . Я .   И с с ж д о в а н и е  г и д р о д и н а м и ч е с к и х   о с о б е н н о с т е й   к а в и т а ц и и   в   а п п а ­
р а т а х   с   б ы с т р о х о д н ы м и   п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и м и  у с т р о й с т в а м и   - А в т о р е ф .   к а н д .   д и с с . - Л Т И ,  
1977
. -
18
с .
3 . Б е л ы н с к и й   В . ,   В а с и л ь ц о в   Э . А . ,   У ш а к о в   В . Г .   О ц е н к а   т е х н и ч е с к о г о   у р о в н я   а п п а ­
р а т о в   с   п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и м и   у с т р о й с т в а м и ,   —   Х и м .   и   ж ф т .   м а ш и н о с т р о е н и е ,  
1976
.  №
7
. 
- С .
27
—
29
.
4
. А п п а р а т ы   с   м е х а н и ч е с к и м и   п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и м и   у с т р о й с т в а м и   в е р т и к а л ь н ы е .  
Т и п ы   и   о с н о в н ы е   п а р а м е т р ы .   Г О С Т  
20680
-
75
.  В в е д .   с  
01
.
01
.
1977
г .
5
. А п п а р а т ы   с   м е х а н и ч е с к и м и   п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и м и   у с т р о й с т в а м и ,   в е р т и к а л ь н ы е .  
М е т о д   р а с ч е т а .   Р Т М  
26
-
01-90
  -  
76
.  В в е д .   с  
01
.
07
.
1977
г .
6
.  А п п а р а т ы  с  п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и м и  у с т р о й с т в а м и  в е р т и к а л ь н ы е ,  п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и е  у с т р о й с ­
т в а  м е х а н и ч е с к и е .   О б л а с т и  п р и м а н ш я ,  м е т о д и к а  р а с ч е т а .   Р Т М  
144
-
66
. В в е д .  с
01
.
01
.
1970
г .
7
. Б е л ы н с к и й   В . В .   и   д р .   О т р а с л е в о й   к а т а л о г   н а   в е р т и к а л ь н ы е   а п п а р а т ы   с   п е р е м е ­
ш и в а ю щ и м и   у с т р о й с т в а м и .   —  Х и м .   и   ж ф т :   М а ш и н о с т р о е н и е ,  
1975
.  №
4
. - С .  
28
-
29
.
8
. М а к с и м о в а   С . С .   П р о м ы ш л е н н ы е   а п п а р а т ы   к о л о н н о г о   т и п а   с   м н о г о р я д н ы м и  
п е р е м е ш и в а ю щ и м и   у с т р о й с т в а м и .   -   В   с б .   т р у д о в   Ц И Н Т И х и м н г ф т е м а ш а ,   с е р .   Х М -
1
, 
№
1
.
1976.4
  с .
9

Н А У К А   И   Т Е Х Н И К А   К А З А Х С Т А Н А
А.Е. Абильхасова
С.  Торайгыров атындағы 
Павлодар мемлекеттік университеті
ШИНА РЕЗИНАЛАРЫНЫҢ 
РЕЦЕПТУРАЛЫҚ ҚҮРЫЛЫМЫНА 
ЭСЕР  ЕТЕТІН ФАКТОРЛАР
ӘОЖ 629.3.027.5
В  статте  автор рассматривает  факторы,  влияющие  на
рецептурный состав резины шин.
The author is dealing with the factors that have the influence on 
the prescribed structure o f the tires ’ rubber.
Ш и н а л а р   ө н д і р і с і   м а т е р и а л д а р   м е н   р е с у р с т а р   қ о р ы н   ж ұ м с а у   б о й ы н ш а   б і р і н ш і  
о р н ы н д а р д ы ң   қ а т а р ы н д а .   М а т е р и а л д ы қ   р е с у р с т а р д ы ң   п р о ц е н т т і к   ү л г с і   ш и н а   ө н д і р і с і   м е н  
т а у а р  
бірлігііЕ 
д е г е н   б а ғ а   қ ұ р ы л ы м ы н д а  
80
  -  
90
  % . д е й і н   ж е т е д і .   С о н ы м е н   қ а т а р ,   ш и н а  
ө н д і р і с і ң ц е г і  с а у д а д а ғ ы  е р к і н  б ә с е к е  ж а ғ д а й ы  м е н  э к с п о р г қ а  ш ы ғ а р ы л а т ы н  т а у а р л а р  к ө л г м і н  
ө с і р у  ш и н а  п р о т е к г о р ы н ы ң  қ ұ р а м ы н а  ж а ң а  м а т е р и а л д а р д ы ң   е н д і р і л у і н  т а л а п   е т е д і .
Е р к і н   б ә с е к е   ж а ғ д а й ы н д а   т а у а р л а р д ы ң   ж о ғ а р ы   с а п а с ы   м е н   ө н д і р і с   қ а р қ ь ш д ы ғ ы н  
ө с і р у   т а у а р ғ а   э к с п л у а т а ц и я л ы қ   т ө з і м д і л і к ,   ж ү р г і з у ш і   м е н   п а с а ж и р л е р д і ң   қ а у і п с і з д і г і н  
қ а м т а м а с ы з  е т е т і н  ж о л д ы ң  т а я з  б е н  с у л ы  қ а б а т г а р ы н д а  п р о т е к т о р  м е н  ж о л д ы ң  ә р е к е т т е с у  
б е т і н і ң   ж о ғ а р ы   т і з б е к т е л г е н   б а й л а н ы с ы ,   ж а н а р м а й д ы ң   ш ы ғ ы н ы н   к е м і т е т і н   т е р б е л і с к е  
қ а р с ы   к е т к е н   а з   ж о ғ а л т у л а р ,   ж о ғ а р ы   ж ө н д е у   ж а р а м д ы л ы қ   к ө р с е т к і ш і ,   м а т е р и а л д ы қ  
р е с у р с т а р д ы   ү ш м д е у   қ а й ы л а т ы н   т а л а п т а р д ы ң   к ү н ш н   к ү н г е   қ а т а ң   б а қ ы л а н у ы ,   ж а ң а  
м а т е р и а л д а р д ы ң   қ о л д а н у ы н   т а л а п   е т е т і н   ө н д і р і с   с а л а с ы .
Р е с е й   Ф е д е р а ц и я с ы   з а у ы т т а р ы н ы ң   ш е т е л   з а у ы т г а р ы н а н   б а с т ы   а й ы р м а ш ы л ы ғ ы
-   т а б и ғ и   к а у ч у к   о р н ы н а   с и н т е т к а л ы қ   п о л и и з о п р е н д е р д і   қ о л д а н у ы .   М ү н а й д ы ң   б а ғ а с ы  
м е н  э н г р г е т и к а л ы қ  р е с у р с т а р д ы ң  б а ғ а л а р ь ш  е с к е р е  о т ы р ы п ,   с и н т е т и к а л ы қ  п о л и и з о п р е н  
б а ғ а л а р ы   т а б и ғ и   к а у ч у к   б а ғ а с ы н а н   а с ы п   т ү с е д і .   О с ы н ы ң   с а л д а р ы н а н   ү л к е н   ғ ы л ы м и
-   т е х н и к а л ы қ   м ә с е ж   т у ы н д а п   о т ы р .
С о н ы м е н   қ а т а р   е р к і н   б ә с е к е   ж а ғ д а й ы н   е с к е р і п ,   д ә л д е п   а л ы н ғ а н   м о н о м е р д і к  
қ ү р ы л ы м ы   б а р   с и н т е т и к а л ы қ  к а у ч у к т ы ң   ж а ң а  т ү р л е р і н   е ң г і з у  м е н   в у л к а н и з ц и я   п р о ц е с і  
к е з і н д е г і  қ ү р ы л ы м д а р д ы ң  о п т и м и з а ц и я с ы н  ж а с а у  а р қ ы л ы  р е з и н а  ө н д і р і с і н і ң  ф а з а  а р а л ы қ  
ә р е к е т т е с у л е р д і ң   о п т и м и з а ц и я л а у д ы   қ а ж е т   е т е д і .
Ш и н а л а р д ы ң   б а с т ы   к ө р с е т к і ш і   -   р е с у р с   п е н   ж ө н д д т е   ж а р а м д ы л ы ғ ы .   Б о л а ш а қ қ а  
а р н а л ғ а н   б о л ж а м д а р   б о й ы н ш а   і р і   с а л м а қ т ы   ш и н а л а р д ы   қ о л д а н у  
200
  м ы ң   к м ,   а л   ж е ң і л  
ш и н а л а р  
100
 м ы ң  к м  қ а ш ы қ т ы қ ы т ы  а л ы п  ж а і ы р .   Ш и н а л а р д ы ң  ж ө н д д т е  ж а р а м д ы л ы ғ ы
1 0

№ 2   2 0 1 0   г.
б о л ж а м   б с й ы н ш а  
70
  -  
80
 
%.
  Ш и н а л а р   с а п а л а р ы   а л д ы ң ғ ы   ж ы л д а р ы   қ а т а ң   б а қ ы л а н а т ы н  
б о л а д ы .   Т ө з і м д і л і к  п е н  б е р і к т і к  қ а с и е т т е р і  
15
 -  
20
 %  д е й і н  ө с е д і ,  г и с т е р е з и с  ж о ғ а л т у л а р ы
10 
-  
15
  %   д е й і н   т ө м е н д е й д і .   Б ү л   б а р л ы қ   ш и к і з а т   с а п а л а р ы   м е н   р е з и н а   қ ү р ы л ы м ы   м е н  
қ а с и е т т е р і н   ө н д і р і с   к е з е қ ц е р і н д е   қ а т а ң   қ а д а ғ а л а у д ы   қ а ж е т   е т е д і .
Ш и н а л а р д ы ң   қ а л ы п т ы   ж ү м ы с   і с т е у   м е р з і м і   м е н   о л а р д ы ң   т ө з і м д і л і г і   о л а р д ы ң  
э к с п л у а т а ц и я л ы қ   ж а ғ д а й л а р ы н а   б а й л а н ы с т ы .   Ш и н а л а р д ы ң   б ү з ы л у ы   к а р к а с   ж ы р ы л ы -  
м ы н а ң ,   қ а б а т г а р д ы ң  б і р   -   б і р і к н  а ж ы р а у ы  м е х а н и к а л ы қ  с о қ қ ы л а р д а н  д а  б о л у ы  м ү м к і н .  
Ш и н а л а р д ы ң  т е з  і с т е н  ш ы ғ у ы  м е н  б е р і к т і к  к о э ф ф е ц и е н т і н і ң  т ө м е н  к ө р с е т к і ш і  п р о т е к т о р  
р е з и н а л а р ы н ы ң   т ө м е н   с а п а с ы м е н   б а й л а н ы с т ы .
Ш и н а  р е з и н а л а р д ы ң  р е ц е п т у р а с ы н  ж а қ с а р т у  ж ұ м ы с т а р ы   б і р н з ш е   б а ғ ы т т а р   б о й ы н ­
ш а   ж ү р г і з і л е д і :
-   т е х н и к а л ы қ   к ө м і р т е г і   ж ә н з   м а й м е н   т о л т ы р ы л у   к ө р с е т к і ш і н   т ө м е н д е т у ;
- р е з и н а л а р д ы ң   с т р у к т у р а ғ а   б і р і г у   к ө р с е т к і ш і н   ө с і р у ;
-   к ө п с а т ы л ы   а р а л а с у   м е н   ә д і с т е р і н   қ о л д а н у   ж а ғ д а й ы н д а   т е х н и к а л ы қ   к ө м і р т е г і н і ң  
т а р а л у ы   м е н   э л а с т и к а л ы қ   ф а з а н ы ң   м о р ф о л о г и я с ы   ө з г е р е д і ;
-   б е р і л г е н   м и к р о қ ұ р ы л ы м ы   б а р   п о л и м е р л г р   ж а с а у   ж ә н г   м о д и ф и к а ц и я л ы қ   п о л и -  
м е р л г р д і   ө н д і р у ;
-   т е х н и к а л ы қ   к ө м і р т е г і н і ң   к ө п   м ө л ш е р і н   п о л и м е р   -   т о л т ы р у ш ы   п р о м о т о р л а р ы  
р ө л і н   а т қ а р а т ы н   с и л а н д а р м е н   қ о с ы л ы с ы н д а ғ ы   т ү н д ы р ы л ғ а н   к р е м н и й   қ ы ш қ ы л ы н а  
а у ы с т ы р у .
П р о т е к т о р  д а  қ о л д а н ы л а т ы н  р е з и н а л а р  ж о ғ а р ы  ф и з и к а  -  м е х а н и к а л ы қ  к ө р с е т к і ш т е р д і  
қ а н а ғ а т т а н д ы р у  қ а ж е т :   с о з ы л у ғ а  қ а р с ы  б е р і к т і к ,  ж ы р ы л у ғ а  б е р і к т і к ,   ө ш і р і л у  к ө р с е т к і ш і ,  
г и с т е р е з и с т і к   ж о ғ а л т у л а р .
П р о т е к т о р   р е з и н а л а р ғ а   қ о й ы л а т ы н   т а л а п т а р д ы ң   к е б і   б і р   -   б і р і н е   қ а р с ы   к е л е д і .  
У а қ ы т қ а   қ а р с ы   б е р і к т і к   п е н   ж а қ с ы   т е х н и к а л ы қ   к ө р с е т к і ш т е р   п а р а м е т р і н з ,   ү й к е л і с   к о ­
э ф ф и ц и е н т !   м е н  қ а р т а ю ғ а  т ө з і м д і л і к ,   т ө м е н  г и с т е р е з и с   ж о ғ а л т у л а р   т а л а п т а р ы н а  с ә й к е с  
к е л м е й д і .   Б а р л ы қ  ж а ғ д а й а л а р д а  т а л а п т а р  ш и н а н ы ң  т и п і  м е н  ө л ш е м і н г ,  э к с п л у а т а ц и я л ы қ  
ж а ғ а й ы н а   қ а р а й   д и ф ф е р е н ц и а л д а н а д ы .
К а р к а с  п е н  б р е к е т , б ү й і р ж р і  а р а с ы н д а г ы  б е р і к т і к  к ө р с е т к і ш т е р г е  қ о й ы л а г ы н  ф и з и к а
-   м е х а н и к а л ы қ   п а р а м е т р л е р і н г   а р н а л ғ а н   н о р м а т и в т і к   т а л а п т а р   с т а н д а р т т а р ы   ә р   т ү р л і  
т и п т е г і  п ш н а л а р г а  б е к і т і л г е н .   М ы с а л ы ,  р а д и а л д ы  к о н с т р у к ц и я с ы  і р і  ж ү к  м а ш и н а л а р ы н а  
а р н а л ғ а н   р е з и н а   п р о т е к т о р л а р ы  
300
  %   к е р н з д е   ү з а р т у   к ө р с е т к і ш і  
7,0
  М П а   к е м   е м е с  
б о л у ы  к е р е к ,   с а л ы с т ы р м а л ы  ү з а р у ы  
450
 %  с о з ы л у  к е з і н д е г і  р е з и н а  к ө р с е т к і ш і  
16,0
 М П а  
к е м  е м е с  б о л у ы  к а ж е т .   П р а к т и к а д а  р е з и н а л а р  к ө р с е т к і ш т е р і  н о р м а т и в т і  к ө р с е т к і ш т е р д е н  
ж о г а р ы   б о л у ы   ш а р т .
Ш и н а л а р г а   ө л ш е м і   б о й ы н ш а ,   э к с п л у а т а ц и я л ы қ   ж а г д а й л а р   м е н   к о н с т р у к ц и я с ы -  
н а   қ о й ы л а т ы н   т а л а п т а р д ы ң   д и ф ф е р е н ц и а л д а н у ы   о л а р д ы ң   р е ц е п т у р а с ы н   ж а с а г а н д а  
р е с у р с т а р д ы ң   р а ц и о н а л д ы   ж ү м с а л у ы н   қ а ж е т   е т е д і .   Ш и н а л а р д ы ң   ә р   т ү р л і   т и п т е г і  
п р о т е к т о р   р е з и н а л а р ы   п о л и м е р   н г г і з і н і ң   қ ү р а м ы м е н ,   в у л к а н и з а ц и я л ы қ   т о п п е н   ж ә н е  
т е х н и к а л ы қ   к е м і р т е г і м е н   т о л т ы р ы л у   д ә р е ж е с і м е н   а ж ы р а т ы л а д ы .
Ш и н а л а р д ы   ж а с а у   р е ц е п т і н і ң   н г г і з і н   к а у ч у к   қ ү р а й д ы .   П р о т е к т о р л ы   р е з и н а л а р д а  
к ө б і н г с е  с и н т е т и к а л ы к  к а у ч у к  к о м б и н а ц и я л а р ы  қ о л д а н ы л а д ы .   О л а р д ы ң  к ө м е г і м е н  б а с қ а  
п о л и м е р л г р д і ң  т и і м с і з   қ а с и е т т е р і  т о л т ы р ы л ы п ,   к е й б і р  ж а ғ д а й л а р д а  р е з и н а  қ а с и е т т е р і н  
ж а қ с а р т а д ы .
Ш и н а   р е ц е п т у р а л а р ы н   қ ү р а с т ы р ы п ,   б е р і к т і к   п е н   м е х а н и к а л ы қ   қ а с и е т т е р і н   о п -  
т и м а л и з а ц и я л а у д а   р е з и н а л а р д ы ң   ф и з и к а л ы к   ж ә н г   х и м и я л ы қ   қ ү р ы л ы м д а р ы н   ө з г е р т у  
т ә с і л д е р і н  қ о л д а н а д ы .   О л а р :   ә р  т ү р л і  к а у ч у т е р д і ,  к р е м н и й  қ ы ш қ ы л д а р ы м е н  т о л т ы р ы л ғ а н
11

Н А У К А   И   Т Е Х Н И К А   К А З А Х С Т А Н А
т е х н и к а л ы қ  к ө м і р т е г і н і ң  а к т и в т і  м а р к а л а р ы н  қ о л д а н у ,  ж ұ м с а р т қ ы п г г а р д ы ң  м и н и м а л д ы  
м ө л ш е р і н  қ о л д а н у  м е н  п о л и ф у н к ц и о н а л д ы  қ а с и е т т е р і  б а р  м о д и ф и к а ц и я л ы қ  ж ү й е ж р д і ң  
қ ү р ы л ы м д а р ы н   к о м б и н а ц и я л а у .
Ш и н а н ы ң   ө н д і р і с і   к е з і н д е   о н ы ң   ш ы ғ а р ы л у   ж о л ы н   х и м и к т е р   м е н   к о н с т р у к т о р л а р  
қ а д а ғ а л а й д ы .   Ш и н а   р е з и н а с ы н ы ң   р е ц е п т у р а с ы   о с ы   м а м а н д а р д ы ң   ж ұ м ы с ы н а   т і к е л е й  
б а й л а н ы с т ы .   О л а р д ы ң   ш е б е р л і г і ж н   ш и н а   к о м п о н г н т т е р і н і ц ,   ә с і р е с е   п р о т е к т о р д ы ң ,  
м ө л ш е р і   м е н   к о м п о ж н т т е р д і ң   ө з а р а   д ұ р ы с   т а р а л у ы н а   б а й л а н ы с т ы .   О л а р ғ а   м а м а н д ы қ  
ш е б е р л і л і к   п е н   к ө п   ж а ғ д а й д а   к о м п ь т е р л і к  м о д е л д ^   к ө м е к т е с е д і .   Б а р л ы ғ ы м ы з ғ а  м ә л і м  
б о л ғ а н д а й   б ү г і н г і   е р к і н   б ә с е к е л г с т і к  н а р ы ғ ы н д а   і р і   ө н д і р у ш і ж р   ш и н а л а р д ы ң  р е ц е п т у -  
р а с ы н   ө т е   қ ұ п и я  т ү р д е   с а қ т а п ,   б а р л ы қ   а қ п а р а т г а р д ы   қ а т а ң   б а қ ы л а й д ы .   Қ а з і р г і   м ә л і м е т  
б о й ы н ш а  ш и н а  р е ц е п т у р а с ы н д а  
20
 -  д а й  к о м п о н е н т  б а р .   Б а р л ы қ  қ ұ п и я  ш и н а н ы ң  ж ұ м с а л у  
б а ғ ы т ы н а   б а й л а н ы с т ы   к о м п о н а г г т е р д і н   д ұ р ы с   м ө л ш е р і   м е н   о л а р д ы ң   ш е б е р   к о м б и н а -  
ц и я с ы н   ж а с а у д а н   т ұ р а д ы .
Р е з и н а   қ ұ р а м ы н ы ң   н г г і з г і   к о м п о н э п т е р і :
1
)   К а у ч у к .   Ш и н а н ы ң   қ ұ р ы л ы м   р е ц е п т у р а с ы   к ө п к о м п о н а п т і   ж ү й е   б о л ғ а н ы м е н ,  
о н ы ң  н г г і з г і   қ ұ р а м   б ө л і г і н   к а у ч у к т е р   қ о с п а л а р ы   қ ұ р а й д ы .   О ң т ү с т і к  а м е р и к а н ы ң  к а у ч у к  
а ғ а ш ы н а н   а л ы н ғ а н   к е п т і р і л г е н  т а б и ғ и   к а у ч у к   к ө п   ж ы л д а р   б о й ы   ш и н а  р е ц е п т у р а с ы н ы ң  
н з г і з г і   к о м п о ж н т і   е д і .   С о л   ж ы л д а р   а р а л ы ғ ы н д а   к а у ч у к т е р   т е к   с а п а с ы   м е н   а л ы н у   ж е р і  
б с й ы н ш а  ж і к т е л г е н   е д і .   М ұ н а й д а н  ж а с а л ы н а т ы н  с и н т е т и к а л ы қ  к а у ч у к  
30
- ш ы  ж ы л д а р ы  
н з м і с  х и м и к т е р м е н  с й л а п  т а б ы л ғ а н  е д і .   Қ а з і р г і  к е з д е  қ ү р а м ы н д а  с и н т е т и к а л ы қ  ж а с а н д ы  
к а у ч у к с ы з   о с ы   з а м а н д а ғ ы   ш и н а н ы   е л е с т е т у г е   б о л м а й д ы .
2
)   К ү й е .   Р е з и н а   қ о с п а с ы н ы ң   т ө р т т е н   ү ш   б ө л і г і   ө н д і р і с   к ү й е с і к н   т ұ р а д ы .   Ә р   т ү р л і  
в а р и а н т г а р д а   б е р і л е т і н   ж ә н г   ш и н а ғ а  ү й р е н ш і к т і   т ү с   б е р е т і н   т о л т ы р ғ ы п г г а р   қ ү р а м ы н д а  
б е р і л з д і .  К ү й е н і ң  ш г і з г і  ә с е р і  в у л к а н и з а ц и я  п р о ц е с і н д е  б а й қ а л а д ы .  Ш и н а  п о к р ь п п к а с ь ш ь щ  
э л е м е н т т е р і н і ң   ж а қ с ы   м о л е к у л а л ы қ   б і р і г у і н   қ а м т а м а с ы з   е т і п ,   п о к р ы ш к а ғ а   а с а   б е р і к т і к  
п е н   т ө з і м д і л і к   б е р е д і .
3
)  К р е м н и й  к ы ш қ ы л ы  с о ң ғ ы  о н  ж ы л  і ш і н д е  р е з и н а  қ о с п а с ы н ы ң  т о л т ы р ғ ы ш ы  р е т і н -  
д е   к ө п   қ о л д а н ы л а   б а с т а ғ а н   қ о с ы л ы с т а р д ы ц   б і р і .   А с а   қ ы м б а т   р е с у р с т а р д ы ң   б і р і   б о л ы п  
е с е п т е л і н г т і н  -  т ү н д ы р ы л ғ а н  к р е м н и й  қ ы ш қ ы л ы .   К е й б і р  ө н д і р у ш і л г р  т а у а р л ы  ш и н а л а р  
қ ұ р а м ы н  
100
  %   к р е м н и й д е н   ж а с а п   ш ы ғ а р а д ы .
4
)   М а й л а р   м е н   ш а й ы р л а р .   М ө л ш е р і   а з   б о л с а   д а   р е з и н а   қ ү р а м ы н ы ң   н е г і з -  
г і   к о м п о н е н т т е р і н і ң   б і р і   б о л ы п   с а н а л а т ы н   м а й л а р   м е н   ш а й ы р л а р   қ о с п а с ы   р е з и н а  
к ү р а м ы н д а   ж ү м с а р т қ ы ш т а р   р ө л і н   а т қ а р ы п ,   к е м е к ш і   м а т е р и а л д а р   б о л ы п   е с е п т е ж д і .  
Р е з и н а   қ ү р а м ы н ы ң   б е р і к т і г і ж н   ш и н а н ы ң   ж ү р у   қ а с и е т т е р і   м е н   т ұ р а қ т ы л ы қ   қ а с и е т т е р і  
т у р а   қ а т ы н а с т а   б о л а д ы .
5
)  К ү к і р т .  К ү к і р т  п л а с т и к а л ы қ  к а у ч у к т ы  э л а с т и к а л ы қ  р е з и н а ғ а  а й н а л д ы р а т ы н  ү ж е н  
м о ж к у л а л ы   т і з б е к т е р д е н   т о р л а р   қ ү р а с т ы р а т ы н   ш г і з г і   к о м п о ж н т .
6
)  В у л к а н и з а т о р  а к г а в а т о р л а р ы .  О л а р д ы ң  р ө л і н  ц и н к  п ш  с т е а р и н  қ ь п п қ ы д д а р ы  а т қ а р а д ы .  
С о н ы м ш  к д т а р  т е з д е т к і ш г е р  ж о г а р ы  т е м п е р а т у р а д а ғ ы  ф о р м а л а р д а  в у л к а н и з а ц и и  п р с щ е с і  к е з і н д е  
( қ ы с ы м  м ш  т е м п е р а т у р а д а )  п о л и м е р д і  т о р д ь щ  к ұ р а с г ы р ы л у ь ш  к а д а ғ а л а й д э і .  О с ы  х и м и к а т г а р д ы  
р е з и н а   р е ц е п т у р а с ы н ь щ   к ұ р а м ы н а   қ о с у   в у л к а н и ц а ц и я   п р с щ е с і н   е с е п т е л г ш   м и н у т г а р   ітттінд е  
ж ү р г і з у г е  м ү м к і н д і к  б е р е д і .   Ж ы л д а р  б с й ы  б ү л  п р о ц е с  с а ғ а т г а р д ы  қ а ж е т  е т е т і н
7
)   Э к о л о г и я л ы қ   т о л т ы р т қ ы п г г а р .   Ж а ң а   т е х н о л о г и я   б о й ы н ш а   п р о т е к т о р д а   к е й б і р  
э к о л о г и я л ы қ  т а з а  р е с у р с т а р д ы  о л д а н у ғ а  м ү м к і н д і к  б е р е д і .   Ж а ц а  и н г р е д и е н т т е р  м ы с а л ғ а ,  
к р а х м а л  м е н  к у к у р у з а ,  к а т о п  п е н  с с я  т е р б е л і с к е  қ а р с ы  т ұ р а қ т ы л ы қ т ы ц  а з а ю ы н а  б а й л а н ы с ­
т ы  к ә д і м г і  ш и н а м е н  с а л ы с т ы р ғ а н д а  а т м о с ф е р а л ы к  а у а ғ а  е к і  е с е г е  ж у ы қ  а з  к ө м і р қ ы ш қ ы л  
г а з ы н   ш ы ғ а р а   б а с т а й д ы .
1 2

№ 2   2 0 1 0   г.
Р е з и н а л а р   қ о с п а л а р ы н ы ң   р е ц е п т у р а л а р ы   т е х н о л о г и я л ы қ   п р о ц е с п е н   а й қ ы н д а л ы п  
қ ұ р а с т ы р ь ш а т ы н д ы ғ ы  б е л г і л і .  Р е з и н а  қ о с ы л ы с т а р ы  в у л к а н и з а ц и я  
процесііЕ 
д е й і н г і  ө т е т і н  п р о -  
ц е с т е р д е  в у л к а н и з а ц и я ғ а  ұ ш ы р а м а у д ы  қ а д а ғ а л а у  к е р е к .  М у н и  б с й ы н ш а  в у л к а н и з а ц и я  у а қ ы т ы  
130
  ° С  т е м п е р а т у р а д а  
15-20
 м и н  қ ұ р а й д ы .  М о н с а н т о  р ш г р а м м а л а р ы  б с й ы н ш а  
190
 ° С  т е м п е р а ­
т у р а д а  п р о т е к т о р л ы  р е з и н а  қ о с ы л ы с т а р ы н ы ң  в у л к а н и з а ц и я  у а қ ы т ы  
60-90
 с ,  о п т и м у м  у а қ ы т ы  
-120
 
-180
 с .   Р е з и н а л а р д ы ң  п л а с т и к а л ы қ  к ө р с е і к ш г і  
0,28
 -  
0,42
  ө л ш е м д е р і м э і  ш е к г е л г а і
Ш е т е л  ө ң щ р і с т е р і н і ң  к ө б і  « з и я н с ы з »  х и м и к а т г а р  і з д ^ д е .   О л  э к о л о г и я л ы қ  ж а ғ д а й д ы ң  
н а ш а р л а у ы   м е н   п ш н а   ш и к і з а т т а р ы н ы ң   р е с у р с т а р ы н   т а н д а у ы н ы ң   ж а ң а   б а ғ ы т ы .   М ы с а ­
л ы ,   « G o o d y e a r »   ф и р м а с ы н ы ң   қ ы с қ ы   п о к р ы ш к а с ы н ы ң   р е з и н а с ы н ы ң   қ ұ р а м ы н д ы   ш ь ш ы  
т а л ш ы қ г а р ы   б а р .   О л   т е х н о л о г и я   “ M i c r o   Ғ і Ь г е ” д е г ш   а т п е н   м ә л і м .   “ M i c h e l i n ”   н з м і с   к о м п а ­
н и я с ы   ө з і н і ң   “ P r i m a c y   A l p i n   Р А З ”   қ ы с қ ы   ш и н а с ы н ы н   п р о т е к т о р ы н ы ң   к ұ р а м ь ш а   “ Н е і і о  
C o m p o u n d ”   р е з и н а с ы н   қ о л д а н д ы , .   Р е з и н а   қ о с п а с ы н ы ң   к ұ р а м ь ш а   т а б и ғ и   к ү н б а ғ ы с   м а й ы  
ш д і р і л д і .   Ф и н д і к  “ N o k i a n ”   ф и р м а с ы  ө з  п о к р ы ш к а с ы н д а  б е с  р е з и н а л ы к  қ о с п а н ы  к о л д а н д ы .  
О л   п о к р ы ш к а л а р   қ ы с   м е р з і м і н д е   ә р   т ү р л і   ж о л   қ а б а т т а р ы н д а   қ о л д а н у ғ а   а р н а л ғ а н   С о ­
н ы м е н   қ а т а р   ә й г і л і   ф и н д е р   ө з   р е ц е п т у р а с ы н д а   с и л и к а   м е н   т а б и ғ и   p a n e   м а й ь ш   к о с т ы .   О л  
п о к р ь п п к а н ь щ   ж о л   қ а б а т ы м е н   т і к е і в й   б а й л а н ы с у ы   м е н   б е р і к т і к   қ а с и е т г е р і н   ж а қ с а р т а д ы .  
И т а л и я н д ь щ  “ P i r e l l i ”  ф и р м а с ы  ө з  п о к р ы ш к а л а р ы н ы ң  қ ү р а м ы н а  T D C  ( T e m p e r a t u r e  D y n a m i c  
C o m p o u n d )   р е з и н а   қ о с п а с ы н   қ о л д а н ы п ,   А С Е   « и н т е л л з к т у а л д ы » ,   я ғ н и   а й н а л а д а ғ ы   о р т а  
т е м п е р а т у р а с ы н  қ а д а ғ а л а й т ы н  ж ә ж  о ғ а н  б а й л а н ы с т ы  ө з і н  ұ с т а й т ы н  р е з и н а н ы  с й л а п  т а п т ы .  
Ж а ң а   қ о с п а   к а у ч у к г а р д ы ң   ә р   т ү р л і   т и п т е р і ж н   ж а с а л ғ а н д ы к т а н   ж о л   қ а б а т ы   м е н   қ о з ғ а л ы с  
ж ы л д а м д ы ғ ы н ы ң  а р т у ы н а  қ а р а м а с т а н  ж ұ м ы с   і с т е й   а л а д ы .
Р е с у р с т а р д ы ң  ж а ң а  т ү р л г р і н  қ о л д а н у  к ү р д е л і л і г і ж  қ а р а м а с т а н  о л а р д ь щ  а с с о р т и м е н т і  
к ү н к н  к ү н г е  ж а ң а р ы п  б а р а д ы .   М а т е р и а л д ы  т а н д а у  ә р  т ү р л і  ф а к т о р л а р м е н  а й к ы н д а л а д ы .  
О л а р д ы ң   н г г і з і л е р і   :  э к о н о м и к а л ы қ   т и і м д і л і к   п е н   с а п а   т ү р а қ т ы л ы ғ ы .   Ж а ц а   м а т е р и а л  
т ө з і м д і л і г і н   а н ы қ т а у ғ а   а р н а л ғ а н   б і р ш ш е   т ә ж і р и б е л е р д е н   ө т у і   к е р е к .   М а т е р и а л д а р д ы ц  
ж о ғ а р ы  с а п а с ы  ш и н а л а р  с а п а с ы н ы ң  ж г і з і н  к ұ р а й д ы .  Б ү к і л  ә ж м д і к  т ә ж і р и б е  к ө р с е т к е н д е й  
с а п а  т ұ р а қ т ы л ы ғ ы   -   ө н д і р і с т і ц   ө н і м д і   ж ұ м ы с ы н ы ң   б а с т ы   к ө р с е т к і ш і .
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