COMPLICATIONS AFTER GETTING VACCINATION AGAINST CORONAVIRUS

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AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine which is a non-replicating viral vector vaccine. It uses a 
weakened adenovirus as a carrier to deliver the genetic sequence for part of the SARS-CoV-
2 virus into the body
As the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine and the AstraZeneca vaccine are both based on the spike 
protein of the virus, it is likely that the second dose will help to boost the response to the first dose. 
Vaccines protect us against deadly diseases. They do this by working with our body’s natural 
defense system to stop us from getting sick. It recognizes the invading germ, and produces the 
antibodies to fight it. If you come into contact with the germ later on, your body’s immune system 
quickly remembers how to destroy it, before you become unwell. The vaccine is a safe and clever 
way to keep us healthy, safe and strong. 
Side effects after getting a COVID-19 vaccine are normal signs your body is building 
protection. Side effects may even feel like flu and might affect your ability to do daily activities, but 
they should go away in a few days. 
Common side effects include pain or muscle ache, fatigue, headache, nausea, chills, and fever. 
Serious side effects are rare. The vaccine is safe for you if you have seasonal, pet, or food allergies. 
If you have a history of anaphylaxis (severe allergic reactions), previous vaccine reactions, are 
allergic to polysorbate or ethylene glycol, talk to your doctor. There is no evidence the vaccine affects 
fertility. Consult your doctor if you are immunocompromised or are taking medication that affects 
your immune system, have been unable to receive vaccinations in the past because of a blood thinner 
or a bleeding disorder, have a fever, are pregnant, or plan to become pregnant. Swelling and the 
enlargement of the lymph nodes in the forearm is an uncommon side effect. 
People who are defined as clinically extremely vulnerable are considered to be at very high 
risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Many of those who are clinically extremely vulnerable are in 
the oldest age groups and will be among the first to receive vaccine - the remainder of this group 
should be offered vaccine alongside those aged 70-74 years of age. The overall risk of mortality for 
clinically extremely vulnerable younger adults is estimated to be roughly the same as the risk to 
persons aged 70-74 years. 
Complications from COVID-19 can be severe and fatal. The risk of developing complications 
increases with age and is greater in those with underlying health conditions. The type of complication 
that can develop may include: venous thromboembolism, heart, liver and kidney problems, 
neurological problems, coagulation (blood clotting) failure, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, 
septic shock, etc.
It is advised that vaccination in pregnancy should be considered where the risk of exposure to SARS-
CoV-2 infection is high and cannot be avoided, or where the woman has underlying conditions that 
put them at very high risk of serious complications of COVID-19. Maternal morbidity is similar to 
that of other women of reproductive age and the outcome for women infected during pregnancy is 
usually good. However, pregnant women with pre-existing comorbidities such as chronic 
hypertension or diabetes, those with higher maternal age, and high body mass index may experience 
severe COVID-19 disease may also require intensive care unit admission and invasive ventilation and 
around 6% of pregnant women may experience a spontaneous pre-term delivery. Neonates born to 
mothers with COVID-19 have an increased risk of admission to a neonatal unit. Although stillbirths 
have been reported, perinatal deaths are rare and occur in less than 1% of cases. 
There is no known risk associated with giving non-live vaccines whilst breastfeeding. It is advised 
that breastfeeding women may be offered vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech or COVID-19 
AstraZeneca vaccines. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered 
along with the woman’s clinical need for immunisation against COVID-19. The woman should be 
informed about the absence of safety data for the vaccine in breastfeeding women. 
An extremely rare but severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) occurring 2 to 4 weeks 
after the onset of COVID-19 has been identified in children and adolescents. Cardiac complications 
were documented in 57% (21/37) of MIS-C cases. These were more frequent in post-acute / antibody 
positive cases (75% 15/20) than in the acute phase 35% (6/17). Of the children admitted to hospital, 
18% required critical care. This was associated with: age (particularly for those less than one month 

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old and for those age 10 -14 years), black ethnicity and admission to hospital for more than five days 
before symptom onset. Other complications from COVID-19 in children and young people include 
fever, cardiac symptoms (myocarditis, heart failure) and GI symptoms (abdominal pain, diarrhoea, 
vomiting)
Children comprise only 1 to 2% of cases of COVID-19 worldwide and are more likely to have mild 
symptoms or asymptomatic infection. Of the 651 children and young people in the study, 42% had at 
least one other medical condition (co-morbidity). These included neurological conditions (11%), 
haematological, oncological or immunological conditions (8%) and asthma (7%). 
Adverse events include 

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