one word-cluster (
to build, builder, building
).
2)
Grammatical morphemes
(also called affixational morphemes). They can be
subdivided into:
a)
Derivational morphemes
(or affixes) – they are used to build various types
of words. Their characteristic feature is that most of them have the part-of-speech
meaning. Derivational affixes are divided into
prefixes
(precede the root) and
suffixes
(follow the root):
unbearable.
b)
Inflectional affixes
(or inflections) – they carry only grammatical meaning
and are used for the formation only of word forms:
to read - reads.
In English there
are such inflections: the plural inflection "-s" -
boy-boys
, the possessive inflection
"‘s"-
boy-boy's
, the Past Simple inflection
―
ed
ǁ
–
walk–walked,
etc
.
c)
Semi-affixes
– morphemes which stand midway between a root and an affix.
A semi-affix can function as an independent full-meaning word and at the same time
as an affix (a prefix or a suffix). E.g.:
ill – ill-bred, proof – waterproof, half – half
eaten, like – ladylike
.
The meaning of morphemes is always either lexical or grammatical and never
both. In contrast to morphemes words usually combine both meanings. Cf.:
houses
inflectional morpheme, plurality. In the words
house
and
speak
we see no inflectional
morphemes. The grammatical form of the words is determined by the absence of a
special visible inflection. The word
house
conveys the category of number by the
absence of '-s'.
There are also free and bound morphemes.
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: 
