Диплом жұмысы 5В011900- «Шетел тілі: екі шет тілі»
жүктеу/скачать 308 Kb.
|
Ақберді Дина Шт-28
| Transitive verb to do in this tense:
Singular → Plural I do → We do You do → You do He/she/it does → They do Affirmative, negative, and question sentences of Present simple Type: he plays (he plays). | / We speak English (we speak English). He does not play (he does not play). | / We do not speak English (we do not speak English). Creating a future tense using Present Simple In order to make a sentence in the future with a variable Present Simple, a sentence in the present tense must necessarily have a time adverb relative to the future tense. For example: We have an exam on next Friday - we have an exam next Friday. Sayat comes tomorrow-Sayat comes tomorrow. The bus goes tonight-the bus runs tonight (at night). _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Futere Tense sentences are also formed using the same tense (Present Continuous). But the sentence must have a periodic addition of the future tense. For example: I am visiting you tomorrow-I will visit you (you) tomorrow. What are you doing on next Sunday? — What are you going to do next Sunday?" _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ you can also create future tense sentences using the phrase” going to". Its formula is as follows: going to + verb For example: I am going to have a test — I am going to pass the test (in the near future). My brother is going to study Mechanical Engineering — my brother is studying mechanical Engineering. In the future, he will enter the same profession. Are you going to do this work later? — You'll do it later." Future tense - Future tense Through the Future Tense, we can talk about the actions that will be performed in the future and the actions that we have planned. The future tense in English is called Future Simple Tense. There are several ways to create it. Future Tense is usually formed using the auxiliary words will and will (will+verb). According to grammatical rules, the word “shall” is used only in the singular and plural (I shall, We shall) on the first side. In other aspects (second, third parties: you, he/she/it, they), the auxiliary Word “will” is used. But in modern English, the word “will” continues to be used even on the first side. For example: I (or We) shall learn English — I (or we) shall learn (learn) English. Askhat will come tomorrow-Askhat will come tomorrow. My grandfather will go to Astana — my grandfather will go to Astana. If your mother will not (wil not=won't) work on next week — Your Mother will not work next week. Questioned: Will they call us? "Did they call us?" As can be seen from the above examples, verbs in Kazakh and English have their own forms in different tenses. In English, they are not formed either by verb substitution or by conjugations and auxiliary verbs, but in Kazakh they are realized only by conjugations. HAVE GOT-verb to have types and executive activities 1.possessive verb I have got many English and French books. I have a lot of books in English and French. 2, perfect timing optional we have just sent greeting cards. verb to have + Participle II we have already missed the adverbs. 3.Modal verb ( forced task - we have to wait for her. "I'm sorry," she said. Task. create a dialog using the verb to have. - Haven’t seen you for ages. Have you got a camera with you? - No, I haven’t . I had to give it to my elder brother. But I’ve got a mobile phone with a camera. - All right. As we have already mentioned, the types of these tenses in both languages are different. Matching in Kazakh and English: Present simple and Present continuous. PAST TENSES-use of past tense verbs So, there are 4 types of past tense in English: Past Simple; Past Continuous; Past Perfect; Past Perfect Continuous. DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH-NATIVE AND PAID SPEECH The verb to tell, to say,to ask, to wonder, to whisper, to cry, to explain, to add, to think, to admit, to complain, to order. To tell is not used in the original word. When replacing the word " pay "with the word "pay", you must make the following changes:: Table 10
1) PARTICIPLE I-ADVERB I. (PRESENT TENSE PRONOUN) A closed verb is formed by adding the addition of - ing to (without supporting to) [33, 45б.]. V +ing A girl selling apples. - Алма сатушы/сатқан қыз. A boy playing with the ball. - Доп ойнаған/ойнайтын бала. Grandfather reading a book. Кітап оқушы ата. Назар аударыңыз: A singing girl, singing a song, he is singing now, we are swimming, swimming in the river, a swimming boy, she is laughing at him, laughing loudly, laughing neighbours. Жай сөйлем: He said, ”I shall do it tomorrow.” - He said that he would do it tomorrow. Сұраулы сөйлем: “Do you know him?” - She asked me if / whether I knew him. She asked, “ Where do you study?” – She asked him where he studied”.He asked what they were doing, Бұйрықты сөйлем: She says, “Jane, tell me everything.” She asks Jane to tell her everything. She said, "Go!" -She ordered him to go. “Don’t go”. She ordered him not to go."Tell me the truth," said his uncle. Table 11
2) PARTICIPLE II – ЕСІМШЕ ІІ (ӨТКЕН ШАҚ ЕСІМШЕСІ) V+ ed taken helped Third form of the verb: correct verbs are formed by adding the compound-ed to the closed verb (without supporting to).Irregular verbs must be learned by heart. asked question translated article invited quest written letter read book оқылған кітап тігілген көйлек written word – айтылған сөз given name - берілген есім 3) THE GERUND - ГЕРУНДИЙ Unclassified, a type of verb that expresses an action as a process. Preserves verb and nouns
Speaking - cөйлесу sitting - отырыс Gerund сөйлемде: start: smoking is harmful. To see is to believe he stopped laughing. add - on: my hobby is collecting coins.I love swimming they approved of his method of teaching. he began to sing instead of dancing.. Table 12 Forms of the Gerund
Gerund is not used after modal and additional verbs. What is the difference between an adverb and a gerundian when you ask the question? "What Is It?" you can ask: Gerundium can be preceded by.: Dependent pronoun: His coming was late. Nouns in the dependent participle: Dad's coming is necessity. Preposition: after coming they had dinner. 4) THE PARTICIPLE, THE GERUND OR THE VERBAL NOUN Unlike gerundius: these nouns are preceded by an article (a painting) ,a number (two buildings), and are also used in the plural. The result of a single action, the result of a single action ( spelling, engineering, skating), and the gerundium represents a process.( after building) The building is very high. a painting, a building a well-being From the following sentences, the difference between gerundias and pronouns can be distinguished by their meaning in the sentence: Entering the room I saw many people sitting at the table. Reading is useful. After writing the test, he gave it in to the teacher. The man meeting me is my boss.The building was very high. Before building a house he asked a permission.Building the theatre they were glad. He explained the meaning of the word. Could you please stop making so much noise? I like dancing. Joke - I woke up last night with the feeling that my watch was gone, so I got up and looked for it. - Well, was it gone? - No, it was going. Gerundium is a form of English verbs, such as infinitive and adverb. It is similar in structure to the form of an adverb, but the type of pronoun used in the past tense does not resemble gerundius, i.e. the form of Patriciple II. Gerund Active Passive Infinite doing being done Perfect having done having been done Gerundium in translation, it is necessary to know its features well, so as not to be confused with other verbs or grammatical forms with the addition of –ing in the English form, a verb with the addition of-ing is called gerundium [35], if: • in a sentence, it serves as a starting point – in this case, it is a noun derived from a verb and is never used without an articleand without the addition of the plural –S. For example: Smoking is harmful – smoking is harmful to health. * stands after the preposition that is related to the verb. For example: On completing the experiment, we decided to consult the supervisor– after completing the experiment, we decided to consult with our supervisor. The result depends on the problem being solved on time – the results depend on whether the problem is solved on time. * stands after the verb. For example: They regretted having told about him – they regretted having told him about it. Gerundius can only stand after verbs denoting the beginning, continuing, or completed action: start, begin, continue, do on, finish, stop. It is necessary to remember the list of verbs that have their own prepositions and are followed by gerundias, since the same verbs do not have prepositions in Russian or Kazakh, as in English, so the translator may get confused: account for-explain, differ in– stand out, be interested – show interest, keep from – Prevent, result from– be a result, succeed in-achieve. * a dependent is placed after a verb that is in the conjugate or after a noun that is in the participle. For example: Do you mind my opening the window? – Do you mind if I open the window?" His coming late was not a surprise to anyone –it didn't surprise anyone that he came too late; My friend's becoming the prize winner pf the contest a good news for all of us - it was great news for all of us. * used after the following phrases: can't help - the inability to do something, I can't help thinking about it-I can't stop thinking about it. it is worth(it is worth while)- something needs to be done, It is worth while reading this book – this book needs to be read. it is no use – it is useless, there is no result, it is empty, It is no use waiting for him-it is useless to wait for him. According to the above examples, when translating into Kazakh, gerundius can become a noun, a leader, or a component of a complex sentence. жүктеу/скачать 308 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
|