D.B. Yerbolatova
1
, D.S. Ryspaeva
2
, N.F. Nemchenko
3
1
Master student, Sh.Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan, e-mail:
thelifetime94@gmail.com
2
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Sh.Ualikhanov Kokshetau State University, Kokshetau,
Kazakhstan, e-mail: goldensunrise@mail.ru
3
Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Academy Professor, Sh.Ualikhanov
Kokshetau State University, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan, e-mail: nnemchenko@inbox.ru
SOME ASPECTS OF TEACHING PROFESSIONAL ENGLISH
TO BIOLOGY STUDENTS
This article is devoted to the importance of teaching professional English for biology
students. Furthermore, it reviews the situation of educational process through the realization of
professionally – oriented foreign language teaching at non – linguistic faculties. In addition, the
article gives information about how the process of foreign language teaching should be built, as
well as the important factors for effective learning that take place in teaching foreign language.
Subsequently, the article mentions, some particular indicators that determine the level of formation
of professional competencies of students which are future biologists. All in all, authors declare, that
increasing student subjectivity and motivation to learn English allows starting mechanism of
continuous formation of students' professional competences.
Keywords: professional English, biology students, professionally – oriented foreign language
teaching, student subjectivity and motivation, continuous formation of students' professional
competences.
INTRODUCTION
In modern conditions of increasing globalization there is a need for teaching fluent English
to highly qualified specialists in Natural Science field. For a modern specialist it is important not
only to communicate with foreign partners, but also to be able to use English language skills in
professional activities. Language proficiency implies effective communication, and is a universal
means of successful professional activity and self-realization. In connection with the above, the
requirements for foreign language training are increasing as well as the level of professional
competence of a university graduate at the biological faculty. It should be recognized that research
in the field of forming professional competences of students-biologists through the study of English
is not enough. The priority task in teaching English is the formation of professional competencies
aimed at the practical use of the English language as a tool for the implementation of professional
interests [1]
MAIN PART
Professionally-oriented foreign language teaching at non-linguistic faculties of universities
is considered from the point of view of interdisciplinary coordination and intercultural interaction.
According to the theories of competence approach, it should be pointed out that by competencies
we understand knowledge, skills and the ability to apply them in different situations. The specificity
of the formation of professional competencies in the process of learning English by biology
university students is that the language acts as a means, a tool and basis for the formation of
professional competencies. Professional success will not be achieved without English. Therefore,
there is a need not only in the selection of the content of educational material, but also in the
application of innovative approaches and pedagogical technologies. The analysis of pedagogical
Ш. Уәлиханов атындағы КМУ хабаршысы ISSN 1608-2206 Филология сериясы. № 4, 2019
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experience and real practice shows that the complexity of the formation of professional
competencies in the study of English among students-biologists comprised of the need of forming
professional competencies, while taking into account their internal consistency with each other. The
analysis of pedagogical experience takes into account modern realities and trends in the
professional sphere.
The educational process tends to pay more attention to the communicative function of the
English language, aimed at interpersonal and intercultural interaction. Therefore, the development
of language, speech and communication competencies is limited, as it does not take into account the
professional activities of future specialists. In this regard, there is a problem of formation of
discursive competence as the ability to understand the realities of the country under study, as well
as the biological diversity and resources of the country, knowledge of biographies and basic
research of leading biologists. Discursive competence is the ability to perceive different types of
discourses, which allows building a strategy of behavior and background context in the process of
professional communication. The formation of lexical competence allows forming a meaningful
vocabulary, filling it with a variety of terms in the framework of professional activity. Based on the
experience of the classes and taking into account that students ' passive knowledge of the language,
it is necessary to focus in the classroom and in extracurricular activities on the combination of
intensive and extensive reading of thematic texts. The text should attract a variety of vocabulary and
thus expand the vocabulary of students. The relation of a text and interpretation of the situation
allows expanding the lexical field, easier usage, while the text allows combining lexical-semantic
types.
The process of formation of professional English competencies of the students, who are
future biologists, acts as an integral characteristic of achieving the main result, which is the training
of highly qualified specialists. The introduction of integrated competence that provides
communication in English in the field of professional discourse, and readiness to interact in a
professional English-speaking environment will increase the effectiveness of language training
among students. Therefore, the introduction of professional competencies, reflecting the integral
nature of the formation of competencies in the classroom for the study of the English language, is
an urgent need. It should be noted that for the effective implementation of English-language
communication for students in Natural Science field revealed the need for skills and competencies
in the understanding English speech and speaking fluent English. For successful mastering of
English communication in the sphere of professional activity it is necessary to pay attention to
forming speech competences. The formation of these competencies is the most appropriate to carry
out in creating an environment of professionally-oriented English communication, which implies a
combination of learning English as a means of mastering their specialty and as a means of
expanding professional communication. This necessitates a change in the content and structure of
education. It is necessary to shift the emphasis in the content of the thesaurus, increasing attention
to training speech activity of students.
Methods of teaching foreign language professionally oriented communication should take
into account the relevant thematic and, of course, the terminological content of oral and written
texts, as well as take into account the skills and abilities that are systemically important for the
professional activities of students, the most extreme dynamics of the development process and, if
necessary, the adjustment of the course program depending on modern quickly changing conditions.
The learning process is a joint action of the student and the teacher, aimed at achieving
educational results, in this case – a foreign-language professionally oriented communication. The
achievement of the above result depends on the process of building a foreign language learning
professionally oriented communication. In this process, along with the actions of the training and
students, it is also advisable to include the object of training, i.e. educational material, the nature of
which is due to the goals of teaching a foreign language professionally oriented communication –
specially adapted and methodologically organized. This material includes audio, video, graphic
texts, all kinds of formulas, schemes, graphics; it partially offers usage of non-verbal means of
communication, as well as provides linguistic and cultural specific information [2].
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The most important condition for effective learning is the selection and organization of
training material. An important criterion for the preparation of such materials is their compliance
with the principles which are based on the method of teaching a foreign language professionally
oriented communication. The methodological literature describes the following basic approaches
for the selection and organization of the material:
aspectual and aspectual - structural;
functional and functional - structural;
personal;
transformational.
In the selection and organization of educational material in the framework of personal-
activity approach it is necessary to show the structure and functioning of the language. According to
V. A. Slastenin, only the cumulative effect of the principles of training ensures the correct definition
of its tasks, the selection of content, forms, and methods and of resources for the most efficient
activity of both teachers and students. The predominance of the values of some principles in
training and the decrease in the value of others leads to a decrease in its effectiveness. The most
important condition of communication skills formation in professionally oriented foreign languages
learning is the organization or presentation of educational material in such a way that voluntary
attention is paid to the content, and language was formed subconsciously [3].
Training materials should correspond to the following requirements:
provide appropriate professionally oriented vocabulary (terminology);
promote the development of foreign language skills of professionally oriented
communication;
display the specifics of the specialty;
form linguistic and cultural competence;
rely on the principle of communicative and situational learning;
be maximally adapted for foreign language professionally oriented communication.
When creating materials for teaching foreign language for professionally oriented
communication, the following opportunities should be used:
to create individual conditions for students, as they all work and learn the training
material in completely different ways (different experience, age, different psychological
characteristics of perception of the material, etc.);
to develop individual learning path and implement innovative strategies for teaching
foreign language in professionally oriented communication (e.g., information and
communication);
to self-study on their individual training paths without waiting for other learners;
to estimate own progress independently or by means of the controlling program [4].
Organization of independent work, coordinated with the educational process is the next logical step
in improving English language learning. Such pedagogical approach allows to increase subjectivity
of students and to develop readiness for professional self-development, awareness of importance to
master English as a factor of increase in professional training. The introduction of effective teaching
methods assumes that the subject of the texts should reflect the interest of the student and contain
professional information, that is, to be individual, which implies the variability of texts and tasks.
The content of classes should reflect the familiarity with the biological diversity and resources of
the country and individuals, that is, reflect a professionally-oriented orientation. The use of
phraseological units, proverbs in accordance with the professional orientation, should serve to
achieve automatism in the mastery of speech structures; drawing up dialogue constructions
strengthens communicative competence; activation of humanitarian knowledge, manifested in the
disclosure of the relationship between the history of science, literature and the act ivities of
prominent personalities helps to expand discourse [5].
The level of formation of professional competencies of students which are future biologists
is determined by the following indicators: possession of lexical units of professional orientation;
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readiness for speech activity, which manifests itself in the realization of potential in foreign
professional communication; the ability to use ICT in language learning; readiness for creative self-
realization within the framework of professional activity, which indicates the formed motivation.
CONCLUSION
Thus, the process of formation of professional competencies is not confined to the
educational process. Increasing student subjectivity and motivation to learn English allows starting
the mechanism of continuous formation of students' professional competences. The introduction of
general professional competence (the ability to use knowledge of a foreign language in professional
activities) will systematize and streamline the process of forming competencies in the English
classroom and will meet modern realities.
REFERENCES
1 Balastov A. V. Methodological and psychological aspects of teaching foreign language to
adults with the help of multimedia technologies. Tomsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin,
2009, no. 9, p.30–34
2 Ehrmann S. US higher education in 1998: how it might use technologies for undergraduate
education // The CTISS File. 2003. Dec. № 16. p.8
3 Podlasy I. P. Pedagogy. Moscow, Vlados Publ., 2001. p.574
4 Makayev Kh.F., Makayeva G.Z. Overcoming Language Barrier as an Effective Way of
Forming a Foreign Language Communication Competence of a Future Specialist: Monograph
/Kh.F. Makayev, G.Z. Makayeva. Kazan: Otechestvo, 2017. p.126
5 Ebata, M. Motivation Factors in Language Learning. The Internet TESL Journal, XIV.
Retrieved January 23, 2013 from URL: http://iteslj.org/Articles/Ebata-MotivationFactors.html
Д.Б. Ерболатова
1
, Д.С. Рыспаева
2
, Н.Ф. Немченко
3
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