Topicality. An increased interest of the
educational community to the use of cloud
oriented
learning
environments
(COLE)
possibilities and some of their components, has
encouraged the development of methodology
for pedagogical models design aiming to
implement the mission of each educational
institution and the mobility provision of all
members of the educational process.
In recent years, many Ukrainian teachers have
joined to the use of cloud services, but only in
2012 with presentation of Office 365 it was
appeared a complete solution with the
possibility of distance administration.
Informatics teachers, who first had the
opportunity to participate and explore the
possibilities of cloud services, have faced the
problem of forming the learning environment
for collaboration, cooperation, communication
and
learning
mobility.
Therefore,
the
methodology of design should include basic
provisions
concerning
the
activities
of
secondary school informatics teachers. The
methodology has to detail the main stages of
the design for specific category of subjects and
according to the procedural approach, to
determine the design stages of COLE. The
design process should also help to clarify the
purpose of COLE, the tasks that should be
solved by this innovation, the problems
Lytvynova Svitlana G.
senior staff scientist, Institute of information technologies
and learning tools of NAPN of Ukraine, Kyiv
№4 (25) желтоқсан 2015
109
concerning the organization of educational
process and so on.
Analysis of recent researches. An important
contribution to the development of the process
of the pedagogical design has been made by
Ukrainian scientists Bykov V.Yu. [
1
], Zhaldak
M.I. [11], Spirin O.M. [
9
] and others. The
problems concering design in methodology and
general scientific terms have been disclosed in
the works of Jones C.J. [
3
], Dixon D. [
2
],
Monahov V.M. [
7
] and others. The theory of
educational process designing at school was
theorized by Zagvyazinsky V.I. [10] and
others. Levine M.M. [
4
], Mashbits E.I. [
6
],
Muraviova G.E. [
8
] have disclosed the basic
approaches to the process of design in their
works.
However, the problem of methodology of
cloud oriented learning environments design at
the level of the subjects of secondary school
educational process has not fully studied by
scientists.
The aim of the article is to outline the main
approaches of methodology of cloud oriented
learning
environments
design
of
comprehensive educational institutions (CEI) at
the school informatics teacher level.
The statement of the main results of
the study. A process of ICT development in
the system of CEI is rather difficult, due to the
involvement of significant financial and
motivational
levers
for
the
successful
introduction
of
new
information
and
communication technologies, including cloud
oriented.
Procedural approach [
9
, p.120] makes it
possible to reveal the features of the
methodology of cloud oriented learning
environment design at informatics teacher level
in comprehensive educational institution (table
1).
Table 1.
The procedural approach of COLE CEI design at informatics teacher level
Stage
design
Number
procedures
Summary procedure
Inf
or
matics te
ac
he
rs
1.1.
Clarification of theoretical and practical foundations of COLE
Participation in the introductory training
The study of teaching experience in the use of COLE in CEI
The study of regulations for the design and implementation of COLE
1.2.
Analysis of COLE basic models
1.3.
Clarification of ideas for new learning environment
1.4.
Coordination of COLE structure objects, the accumulation of bank of
services, Web 2.0 software for the provision of students interactive
learning
1.5.
Introduction and implementation of regulations, coordination of
organizational events, summarize data of the needs of COLE subjects in
accounts, summarize data of the needs in educational sites, summarize
data of licenses distribution, summarize data to provide access
permission, provision of COLE design
1.6.
Training under the program "Administrator of cloud oriented learning
environment"; formation of calendars, email, methodology teachers
associations, groups and subgroups of school grades, storage of
regulatory guidance materials; website development; organization of
methodological guidance on COLE using; revision and correction of
defects in COLE design; teachers and students training
1.7.
Reflection of design
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The position of the subject who is responsible
for the stage of the design depends on who will
be assigned such duties according to the order
of the school principal and the consent of the
subject, but in most cases it is an informatics
teacher.
At
the
stage
of
secondary
education
development, there is a need of the modern
school in creative, highly skilled informatics
teachers who are willing to use both a student-
centered learning technologies and constantly
updated ICT.
An informatics teacher plays a key role in the
implementation
of
information
and
communication, in particular cloud oriented,
technologies in educational institution and
should provide:
–
students and fellow teachers training of
ICT basis and cloud oriented technologies;
–
adaptation of educational content on
informatics
to
continuously
changing
technologies,
software
and
computer
equipment;
–
coordination
of
subject-teachers
educational activities in the process of
educational institution informatization and
outsourcing
of
cloud
oriented
learning
environments;
–
information connection of the school
with other schools and educational institutions;
–
design of information and educational
space of the educational institution.
Improvement and development of modern
information technologies as a combination of
methodologies, tools and methods of work
which have been used for collecting,
systematization,
storing,
processing,
transmission, submission of various reports,
significantly affect the nature of production,
research, education, culture, life, social
relationships and structures. This, in turn, has
both a direct impact on the content of education
due to the level of scientific and technological
achievements and indirect, associated with the
emergence of new professional skills the need
for which is growing rapidly [11, p.6 ].
The methodology of cloud oriented learning
environment
design
of
comprehensive
educational institutions at informatics teacher
level includes seven stages: 1) problem-
educational, 2) content-targeted, 3) conceptual,
4) component-evaluation,
5) design
and
modeling, 6) experimentally-correction, 7)
estimated-synthesis) [
5
, c.60].
Stage 1.1. includes the following procedures:
–
clarify the theoretical and practical bases
of the COLE CEI design;
–
the study of teaching experience of the
COLE usage in CEI;
–
the study of regulations for the COLE
design and implementation.
Procedures implementation is carried out
by studying the theoretical bases of the COLE
design, reviewing the reports which are
published in printed or electronic publications.
For example, "Information Technologies and
Learning Tools» (www.journal.iitta.gov.ua) or
printed editions "Computer in School and
Family", "Guide for Principals", "School
Subprincipal" and so on. It is possible to view
the information on the website of the cloud
services
provider,
such
as
Microsoft
(http://www.microsoft.com/uk-ua/cloud/),
video clips on request Office365 at https:
//www.youtube.com/ or in
the network
―Partners
in
Learning‖
(www.pil-
network.com).
It will be preferably to study the experience of
advanced Ukrainian schools which have
already been working particular time with
cloud oriented learning environments. Such
online communication or visiting schools may
reveal additional technological capabilities of
the COLE, which at first glance is not obvious.
You can find these schools in the supplement
to the Order of MES of Ukraine (Ministry of
Education and Science of Ukraine) from
21.05.2014 №629 (On carrying out of
experimental work on the project "Cloud
Services in Education").
An informatics teacher needs to know the
tendencies of the COLE usage in foreign
countries, which will allow him to work out an
approach for the school’s COLE development
taking into account its specialization.
Also he needs to visit introductory
trainings which are conducted by Microsoft
Ukraine (annual) or involve their specialists to
demonstrate Office365 main features at the
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111
particular school and learn about the technical
peculiarities of the COLE implementation.
One of the important procedures of the
COLE design at the informatics teacher level
is study of regulations that define the terms,
stages of design and implementation in school,
number of the COLE subjects, the need for
thematic
sites,
responsible
persons
for
maintaining the sites of methodological
associations
(communities),
preliminary
structure of teachers’ and students’ cloud
storages, the need to form the teaching staff site
as a central page to search the objects and
teachers, calendars formation, structuring of
mailboxes, putting in the social network
Yammer, forming of public folders for the
implementation of cooperation, collaboration
and communication.
Stage 1.2. includes procedure implementation
of the basic models detailed analysis and
development of own COLE model (when
required).
Procedure implementation is carried out
by
using
generalization
of
advanced
pedagogical experience on the COLE usage
and development of components for this
school, participation in a meeting with the
Subprincipals
concerning
the
model
components specification, the goal of the
COLE operation for taking into account the
possibilities of students' participation in
regional and international projects, distance
learning organisation, support of gifted
students, solution of a problem on learning
process organization for students with special
needs or those who study abroad.
To approve the COLE components for
individual, common and subject usage.
Stage 1.3. includes the procedure of clarifying
ideas for designing of cloud oriented learning
environment of a comprehensive educational
institution.
Procedure implementation is carried out
in order to reconcile the idea (concept) of the
COLE operation in this educational institution.
Prospect of the environment development,
continuity of its operation, adjustment of
teachers’ and students’ needs in the latest
technologies, provision with technological
assistance and monitoring of students’ learning
activities activation depends on informatics
teacher.
Making changes and proposals in the
Concept and its submitting for discussion and
approval at the teaching staff meeting of the
school.
Stage 1.4. includes the following procedures:
–
coordination of structural objects and
additional components of the COLE,
–
accumulation of the bank of services,
Web 2.0 software aiming to create an
interactive environment for interaction between
teachers and students.
Procedure implementation is aimed at:
agreeing a list of key services in order to
constantly COLE usage; making collaboration
with providers of cloud services deals with the
integration of ready software solutions to
improve the educational and organizational
work, for example, Schodennyk.ua, Moodle;
forming the base of links to various Web 2.0
software used by most school teachers, special
online software such as GeoGebra and others.
The adoption of semantic part of the COLE is
an important procedure. The technology on the
filling the COLE storage by educational,
methodological and didactic materials, access
to all the participants of the educational process
in response to their needs, provision of
technology access for teachers and students to
the
Learning
Content
Depositary
(http://ua.lokando.com/start .php) or their own
bank of educational materials must be
approved.
Stage 1.5. of the design includes the
implementation
of
the
following
tasks
(implementation
of
regulations
and
coordination of organizational arrangements).
Introduction
and
implementation
of
regulations:
–
Coordination of Action Plan to eliminate
the key disadvantages that prevent the COLE
implementation.
–
Acquainting with the School’s order on
the COLE implementation defining the final
and intermediate term.
–
Acquainting with the School’s order
concerning the responsible for teachers and
class teachers’ implementation concerning their
accounts designing.
112 №4 (27) желтоқсан 2015
–
Summarizing the number of certificates
on coordination of creating email accounts for
students.
–
Coordination
of
Action
Plan
for
principals and teachers training on using the
main possibilities of the COLE.
–
Acquainting with the School’s order of
the creation of the School’s base classes
participants (at the first stage).
–
Place the text on the COLE CEI
implementation at the external School’s site.
–
Control action of self-control design.
Procedures implementation is performed by
informatics
teacher
of
the
educational
institution for the purpose of generalization of
the COLE’s subjects number, distribution of
access permission, presentation of innovation
and data refinement, relating to providing the
legal framework and the phase of cloud based
learning environment design.
The coordination of arrangements:
–
Presentation of data on the provision of
the educational institution with computer
equipment.
–
Collecting
and
summarizing
the
proposals concerning the formation of the bank
of the COLE’s subjects accounts (principals,
teachers and students), that requires the
synthesis of lists of classes and teachers in
electronic form.
–
Collecting the proposals as for obtaining
the licenses and providing the access
permission. It is important to take into account
the fact that the responsible for maintaining the
sites must have the right to create websites
(previous distribution of access permission,
taking into account the wishes of subject
teachers and class leaders).
–
Collecting and summarizing proposals on
the creation of a bank of educational sites in
order to create sites’ layouts of classes,
methodological associations, thematic sites and
more.
–
Presentation
of
proposals
as
for
connection the subject teachers’ rooms to the
Internet (determination of provider, required
speed, quality).
–
We must note that today the most schools
choose the option: fiber optic Internet to a
school, and Wi-Fi branching is around the
school, but the quality of Internet services
under this option does not provide Internet
needs throughout the school. Some schools
have chosen the option: fiber optic into each
class, and Wi-Fi branching is in the middle of
the class. This option gives a more stable signal
and provides full operation of the class.
–
Preparation of the COLE GEI model’s
presentation.
–
Provision of the COLE design.
Procedure implementation is carried out
by informatics teacher aiming to explain the
idea of the COLE implementation into the
educational process, formation of a teachers’
and students’ database, coordination of follow-
up with the parent’s council, school’s teachers,
sponsors and the COLE designing, formation
of the bank of requirements for the COLE
designing.
Stage 1.6. includes a learning technology
design for informatics teacher:
–
Informatics teachers training under the
program "COLE CEI Administration".
–
Organization of methodological support
on the COLE usage.
–
Formation of the working calendar,
events calendar of the educational institution,
calendar of trainings.
–
Formation
of
your
own
e-mail.
Development of the folder tree and setting the
mode "forwarding letters."
–
Formation of subject virtual communities
– methodological teachers’ associations.
–
Formation of groups and subgroups of
the school’s grades.
–
Formation of the storage for regulatory
guidance materials.
–
Development
of
methodological
associations’, parallels classes’ websites.
–
Development of an external site of the
educational institution.
–
Improvement and correction of the
COLE design.
–
Development of graphics for teachers’
and students’ training.
Procedure implementation is carried out
by informatics teacher in accordance with the
training program "COLE CEI Administration".
The
training
should
provide
the
informatics
teachers
of
the
educational
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113
institution with persistent knowledge of the
COLE opportunities and skills for developing
the CEI learning environment in practice.
Practical training should be given either in "the
training cloud" or in the COLE which has been
registered for this school.
Before the trainings, an informatics
teacher has to register at the Office 365 portal
and develop a COLE. It is enougn for him to
have his own account (username and password)
for learning.
It is advisable also to organize an
effective support of leading experts on the
COLE design. It can be Webinars, instant
messages or means of conferencing (Lync or
Skype).
After graduating the training an informatics
teacher is a trainer for subject teachers and
students of the educational institution and
provides them training.
Stage 1.7. includes a procedure of design
reflection:
–
assist
in
developing
skills
of
communication, collaboration, cooperation and
learning mobility,
–
advising on the Office365 use when the
COLE’s subjects need,
–
approbation
and
removal
of
disadvantages of the designed COLE.
Procedures implementation is carried out by
informatics teacher aiming to test the designed
learning environment. Reflection leads to
identify problems which are needed correction
and clarification of designed cloud oriented
learning environment model.
To pilot the model over 100 subject teachers
and 600 students of Kyiv secondary schools
were involved in the experiment. View results
of design can for the link: https://obolon365-
public.sharepoint.com
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