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THE ROLE OF NK CELLS IN ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY
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THE ROLE OF NK CELLS IN ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY Yergozova D.M., Uristemova A.K. al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan diko_99.2012@mail.ru A very dangerous enemy of the immune system is cancer cells. Cancer begins from DNA mutation of one or more cells, which leads to their uncontrolled division. Therefore, for the emergence of cancer malignant tumors, not one they need a whole series of mutations. First, tumors grow very slowly. This means that before the immune system is the task to learn literally several dozen damaged cells among trillions of normal. This is the same as determining a terrorist even before he begins preparations for a terrorist act. Nevertheless, scientists believe that the immune system copes with this successful and regularly. Simply amazing ability to identify and kill cancer cells are macrophages and natural killer cells. The concept of immunological surveillance, whose elements, like T-type and antibody-type lymphocytes, contribute to the rejection of genetically mutated cells;Recent research on the disclosure of the 103 provision on interaction with immune mechanisms: the development of oncology causes both an innate immunity response - a reaction to the appearance of a mutation in the cell, and the acquired one - to correct the onset of an immune response by forming lymphocyte cells that fight the tumor antigen. Also B cells. The participation of B cells in antitumor immunity can manifest itself in several ways: destruction of tumor cells with antibodies fixing complement; accumulation of NK cells, release on their surface of cytophilic antibodies; Natural killers. Another type of cells that carry out immunological surveillance and participate in the destruction of transformed cells are NK. They belong to lymphoid cells, but they do not have markers of T and B lymphocytes. The set of cells exposed to the lactic action of NK is quite wide. This is a series of virus- infected and opaque cells, cells on the surface of which are represented by cytophilic antibodies, embryonic cells. Despite the fact that NC morphologically resemble lymphocytes or lymphoblasts, their histogenetic association with T- or B-lymphocytes has not been established. Probably, NK belongs to an independent line of differentiation, although at the earliest stages of development they have a common precursor with lymphocytes. NK have no antigen-knowing receptors, do not exhort themselves after with an alien antigen and are not capable of forming immunological memory. At the same time, their activity is increased by the transfer of T-cell cytokines and, first of all, interleukin-γ. The study of the problems of the development and usefulness of the mechanisms and reactions of immunity against tumors is very important at the present time. The aggravation of the ecology, the quality of nutrition and water leads to the achievement of a number of cancer patients. Supervisors: Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Zakiryanova G.K., Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Ablaikhanova N.T. жүктеу/скачать 2,79 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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