Учебное пособие для специальностей «Переводческое дело» и«Иностранный язык: два иностранных языка»



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New Боргуль Н.М. Пособие по основам теории изучаемого языка

 
§ 3.2 
Canadianisms proper 
Canadianisms proper
– these are words which were created in Canada and 
were never included in General English word-stock. These are specifically Canadian 
words belonging to the literary or neutral vocabulary of CnE. Canadianisms proper 
are words either totally different in their outer aspect from general English (GE) 
words (
full Canadianisms
) or have the same outer aspect as a GE word but one or 
several totally different meanings specific only for Canadian use (
partial 
Canadianisms
).
Full Canadianisms: CnE 
sault
= GE 
falls
(водопад); CnE 
muskeg
= GE 
bog

CnE 
clamper
= GE 
ice
. It should be mentioned that most of full Canadianisms are set 
expressions: e.g. 
cottage roll
(ham), 
bear walker
(a witch), 
misery fiddle
(a saw for 
longitudinal cutting of logs).
Partial Canadianisms: CnE 
bank
(a place for keeping live lobsters); 
gear 
(a 
commercial fishing boat); 
collar
(isthmus or strait), 
to copy
(to jump from one piece 
of ice to another) 
§ 3.3 
Canadian colloquialisms 
Among Canadian lexical units there is distinguished another large group of 
words and expressions specific only for Canadian use. The group consists of 
numerous dialectal words, professionalisms and slang words, i.e. words that do not 
belong to the literary layer of the vocabulary.


152 
Among dialectal words we find such ones: 
dew-worm
“earthworm” (Ontario), 
cow chip
“dry litter used as fuel” (the Pacific Coast), 
crunnick
“dry boughs” (Atlantic 
provinces), 
moccasin telegraph
“spreading rumours” (Northern Canada).
Canadian professionalisms are words connected with some specific spheres of 
professional activities of the Canadians, for instance, with forestry, fur animals 
hunting, gold-mining industry, etc. In most cases professionalisms are used to give 
emotional or figurative characteristics to a certain thing or event connected with this 
or that profession. E.g. the word 
beach 
in Canada means „a shore from where you can 
raft or ship timber‟, 
highball 
„a very fast-working person; to work very fast‟ (in wood 
industry). 
Canadian English also has its set of slang words. Among them we find: 
beaner

– „a shabby and rundown restaurant‟, 
loonie
– „a 
$1 
Canadian 
coin
‟, 
Canuck – 
a slang 
term for „Canadians‟, 
klick
„kilometer‟, etc. 


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