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§5. Morphology and syntax The morphosyntactic features of AAVE are:
-
The
–s morpheme marking the possessive, the third person singular present,
and the plural may be absent:
she sing, he talk, Bob car, two cat .
-
AAVE shares with some other varieties of English the possibility for
multiple negation. E.g.:
He don’t know nothing .
-
AAVE has a much richer aspectual system than Standard English:
She bin (been) married. I bin known him. The stressed „
bin ‟ denotes a state, condition, or
activity begun in the remote past and continued to the present.
-
In AAVE, habitual „
be ‟ is used to mark a repeated state, condition, or frequent
actions. E.g.
The coffee be cold (=always);
they songs be havin’ a cause . They use
„
done ‟ for completed actions, e.g.:
You done missed it, and „
be done ‟ for future
perfect or hypothetical events, e.g.:
Lightning be done struck my house. -
Copula deletion is used for a temporary action:
He in the kitchen . They
frequently delete
is and
are in sentences where Standard English requires it
(
We_confrontational ).
-
Come is used in AAVE to express the speaker‟s annoyance or indignation, for
example:
She come goin’ into my room without knockin’ .
Some of these features are also found in white vernacular usage. Where these
features came from is still a matter of academic debate.
Speakers of AAVE differ according to their specific geographical origin, level
of education, and socioeconomic status. In one way or another Ebonics has been used
by writers, actors, singers, etc. Black writers (James Baldwin, Toni Morrison, Alice
Walker) have been among the defenders of Black English.
