№2(78)/2015 Серия педагогика
Lexical-semantic Analysis of Address Components
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| Lexical-semantic Analysis of Address Components
in Russian Language The article reveals the concept of «form of address». The main attention is paid to functioning of components of the informal address in syntagmatic aspect. Forms of address are considered as integral part of communica- tive strategies and tactics used in real communication. Lexemes in the form of personal names, the lexicon connected with differentiation of persons on age, relationship names, etc. are considered. Theoretical results are illustrated by examples from modern literature. Key words: address; informal address; semantic value; emotional contents of words; speech communication; clichés; lexical form; sphere of functioning; extra linguistic factors; interlocutor. The modern language has a numerous and varied means strengthening emotional and evocative expres- sions of forms of address: intonation, phonetic, morphonological and morphological and at last lexical means by which a speaker can express an emotional attitude to the interlocutor or his/her expressive view. As modern trends defining features of modern speech communication in Russian language, we can mention the following: expansion of the persons acting in public, relaxation of censorship, loosening regula- tions, general democratization of speech, an abundance of loans, the rejection of clichés of the Soviet era. The empiric matter is represented by some fragments of texts which content addresses from the fiction books of modern famous Russian writers V. Pelevin, P. Sanayev and R. Trakhtenberg. The article uses the methods of comparison and description, contextual analysis, generalization and the classification of the sampling material, the method of continuous sampling. The form of address is an identifying word or identifying words by which someone or something is called and classified or distinguished from others. There are different lexical forms of address, which reflect the changing forms of relations between people. In modern speech we use fixed, commonly used or preferred forms of address in a particular social and speech activity. The content of forms of address is a linguistic form of contact establishment with an interlocutor at the demonstration of mutual social and personal relationships. The addresses arise on the basis of word- nomination indicating different features: 1) the presence or absence of acquaintance (relationship) with the speaker; 2) the age of the addressee in relation to the age of the speaker; 3) social status of the addressee in relation to the speaker; 4) profession, occupation of the addressee; 5) the function of the addressee in this situation; 6) addressee’s personal qualities appearing in his behavior in this situation or known to the speaker from the past; 7) addressee’s qualities as an object of emotional influence and characterization from the speakers’ point of view. The addresses arise on the basis of words, but they are no words. They are no word-nominations any more, but a form of address to an addressee, i.e. a kind of speech act consisting of an appeal and naming at the same time. The most common lexical forms of T-forms (informal forms of address) in modern language are per- sonal proper nouns or common nouns. The forms of address to inanimate objects are not widespread beyond the poetic text. They usually serve as a mean to make the speaker’s speech poetically emotional. The using of some or other personal forms (a full name, a short name, a first name and a patronymic, a last name, etc.) is regulated on the one hand by the speech sphere of their functioning, and on the other hand by the public environment, the relations between the speaker and the interlocutor and other extralinguistic factors. Lexical-semantic Analysis of Address… Серия «Педагогика». № 2(78)/2015 285 – Соображай, Витёк, быстрее! [1, p. 13] жүктеу/скачать 4,99 Mb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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