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Phraseological units translation methods
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Отчет Тен Анастасия
2.2. Phraseological units translation methodsMost researchers (V. N. Komissarov, L. F. Dmitrieva, S. E. Kuntsevich, E. A. Martinkevich, N. F. Smirnova) distinguish four main ways of translating figurative phraseology. The first type of correspondence is usually called phraseological equivalents. When using such correspondences, the entire complex of values of the unit being translated is preserved. In this case, the TL has a figurative phraseological unit that coincides in all respects with the phraseological unit of the original, for example: o pull chestnuts out of the fire for smb. - ‘to drag chestnuts out of the fire for someone’; to play with fire - ‘play with fire’; to read between lines - ‘read between the lines’. Strike the iron while it is hot - ‘strike the iron while it’s hot’. The use of such a correspondence allows the most complete reproduction of a foreign phraseological unit, and the translator first of all tries to find it. However, two circumstances should be taken into account, which limit the possibility of using the first type of phraseological correspondences. First, there are relatively few phraseological equivalents. Most often they are found in the so-called international phraseological units, borrowed by both languages from some third language, mainly Latin or Greek: the hill of Achilles-‘Achilles heel’, the sword of Damocles- ‘Sword of Damocles’. Equivalent units may be borrowed at a later period. So, both English and Russian borrowed the proverb from French: Le jeu ne vaut pas la chandelle - The game is not worth the candle; It is not worth it. Secondly, as V. N. Komissarov notes, when both languages borrow the same phraseological unit, its meaning in one of them may change, and as a result, these phraseological units will turn out to be “false friends of the translator” - similar in form, but different in content . For example, English to lead by the nose and Russian ‘lead by the nose’ are the same in form, but the English phraseological unit means ‘completely subjugate, command’, and Russian ‘deceive’. Phraseological analogue method. As V. N. Komissarov notes, the second type of phraseological correspondences is represented by the so-called phraseological analogues. In the absence of a phraseological equivalent, a phraseological unit should be selected in the TL with the same figurative meaning, based on a different image. Using this type of match provides a fairly high degree of equivalence. However, there are some limitations here as well. Literal translation of phraseological units (tracing) As L.F. Dmitrieva notes, literal translation, tracing of phraseological units can be applied only if, as a result of tracing, an expression is obtained, the figurativeness of which is easily perceived by the Russian reader and does not create the impression of unnaturalness and unusualness to the generally accepted norms of the Russian language. Correspondence-calques have certain advantages and are widely used in translation practice. Firstly, they allow preserving the figurative structure of the original, which is especially important in literary translation. Descriptive translation of phraseological units L. F. Dmitrieva, S. E. Kuntsevich, E. A. Martinkevich, N. F. Smirnova argue that in order to explain the meaning of a phraseological unit, which has no analogue or equivalent in Russian and is not subject to literal translation , the translator needs to resort to descriptive translation. The English idiom dine with Duke Humphrey - ‘to be left without dinner’, arose according to one version due to the fact that beggars asked for alms on the porch of one of the London churches, where a certain Duke Humphrey was buried. In Russian, it has no direct correspondences, and the tracing paper ‘to dine with Duke Humphrey’ does not give an idea of its figurative meaning. You will have to be satisfied with the modest ‘go hungry, stay without dinner’. жүктеу/скачать 61,31 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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