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Mechanical engineering in Kazakhstan: since 2000, the volume of production has increased by 24 times
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| Mechanical engineering in Kazakhstan: since 2000, the volume of production has increased by 24 times
Mechanical engineering is a priority sector of the industrial and innovative development of the country. Over the years of the implementation of the industrialization program, mechanical engineering has become one of the most dynamically developing industries: the volume of production in it increased almost 3 times and exceeded 1 trillion tenge in 2018. In 2019, high growth dynamics continued. Read more about the prerequisites for growth, as well as about the development of the industry as a whole, in the Primeminister.kz overview. According to the Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development, over the years of the industrialization program in the engineering industry, 114 projects worth about 276 billion tenge have been implemented and about 11 thousand jobs have been created. Since 2000, the volume of production of mechanical engineering in Kazakhstan has increased 24 times, amounting to 1.1 trillion tenge at the end of 2018. For 10-15 years, the industry has moved from the production of components and spare parts to the production of final products: diesel locomotives, electric locomotives, passenger and freight cars, trucks and cars, buses, combine harvesters, pumping equipment, elevators and other high-tech products. New types of products appeared: locomotives, transformers, communication equipment, optical instruments, production of electronic parts, production of electric lighting equipment, etc. The automotive industry and railway engineering have been actively developed, the branches of agricultural, electrical engineering, mining and oil and gas engineering have been significantly updated and strengthened. Large transnational corporations such as Alstom, General Electric, СМС–JAC Motors, Hyundai and others were involved in the development of the industry. The product line for export has been expanded (automotive products, bearings, fans, batteries, transformers, locomotives). Kazakhstan has begun to successfully integrate into global value chains. For example, the production of Schneider Electric electrical products at the facilities of Silumin-Vostok LLP, the production of LG Electronics ventilation equipment at Almaty Fan Plant LLP. For the development of cooperative ties in April of this year, a program of joint actions was adopted between Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. It provides for cooperation in a number of joint projects with PJSC Kamaz, JSC Petersburg Tractor Plant, etc. In April of this year, the first stone of the new plant of Hyundai Trans Kazakhstan LLP for the production of Hyundai cars was laid. Within the framework of cooperation with Chinese partners, it is planned to launch factories for the production of tires and engines, which will kick-start the development of the automotive component base in our country. In 2018, over 6 thousand cars were produced in Kazakhstan. Half are exported to other countries. Among them are Russia, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan. Mechanical engineering of Kazakhstan: current state For 8 months of 2019, about 30 thousand cars were assembled. According to the results of 8 months of 2019, the growth in the volume of production in mechanical engineering amounted to 18% compared to the same period last year. In the structure of the industry, the automotive industry demonstrates the highest growth dynamics among the sub-sectors of mechanical engineering. To date, Kazakhstan is producing all categories of vehicles. 167 car models are assembled in the country, including 39 passenger cars, 22 world brands. Over the two five-year plans, the automotive industry has become one of the drivers of the machine-building industry in Kazakhstan. The transition from SKD (DKD) to CKD (CKD) has taken place. For example, technological operations for welding and painting bodies have been introduced. Since 2010, it has been possible to increase production volumes by 8 times (from 4,000 units in 2010 to 32,000 units in 2018). The share of the automotive industry in the total volume of mechanical engineering reached 19.2% against 4% in 2010. The sector of electrical engineering is characterized by the most stable dynamics of production and a more in-depth localization of production in comparison with other sectors of engineering. The largest players in the sector - Kainar-AKB, Alageum Electric, Kaztsentrelektroprovod, Kazenergokabel - produce competitive products, most of which are exported. In the railway, agricultural, mining and oil and gas engineering industries of Kazakhstan, domestic enterprises produce electric locomotives, locomotives, wagons, solid-rolled wheels, tractors, combines, agricultural machinery, various equipment for oilfield service companies and subsoil users. These industries are characterized by the use of robotic welding systems (Elements of Industry 4.0.) in the production. Prominent examples of the industry are Prommashkomplekt LLP, Kazakhstan Agro Innovative Corporation LLP, Maker LLP, Zhigermunaiservice LLP, Ust-Kamenogorsk Valve Plant JSC, etc. The agricultural machinery sector has seen an increase in production since 2018, supported by government support measures such as exemption from VAT on product sales. Railway engineering began to develop actively in the last years of industrialization. There is also an increase in the volume of production in mining engineering, associated with an increase in the production of spare parts for drilling and sinking machines, which occupy 73% in the structure of mining engineering. There is a significant potential for the development of oil and gas engineering through import substitution of a wide range of engineering products. In general, the engineering industry has a high potential for economic development. About $13 billion is the import of engineering products, while the domestic volume of production amounted to just over $3 billion. Roadmap: the growth of labor productivity in the domestic engineering industry has doubled In the Address “Constructive public dialogue is the basis of stability and prosperity of Kazakhstan”, President K. Tokayev instructed to increase labor productivity by at least 1.7 times. It was also instructed, within the framework of the State Program for Industrial and Innovative Development, to develop a set of measures to support high-performance medium-sized businesses, including tax, financial, and administrative incentives. It should be noted that the Roadmap for the Development of Mechanical Engineering of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019-2024 already contains measures to implement the indicated points of the Address. In June of this year, by order of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Roadmap for the development of mechanical engineering in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2019-2024 was approved. The document was developed by the Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan jointly with the ALE "Union of Machine Builders of Kazakhstan". The roadmap is a strategic vision for the development of the engineering industry in the medium term. The main purpose of this document, as noted in the Association of Legal Entities "Union of Machine Builders of Kazakhstan", is to increase the competitiveness of domestic machine-building enterprises, introduce new technologies and increase the export potential of the industry. The roadmap provides for a comprehensive package of support measures, which includes measures to provide domestic enterprises with raw materials, increase the share of local content in purchases, improve technical regulation measures, and introduce economic incentive mechanisms. In particular, one of the main points of the Roadmap is the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Industrial Policy". The law will make it possible to pursue a centralized and balanced industrial policy throughout the country, systematize and simplify the process and conditions for providing state support to industry. Investors will receive additional incentives to implement projects in the manufacturing industries. The roadmap provides for a point initiating the creation of the Kazakhstan Industry Development Fund under the Ministry of Industry and Infrastructure Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It should be noted that such funds are successfully operating in Russia, Belarus, countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It is also proposed to introduce tax preferences for enterprises in order to modernize existing capacities, as well as to further increase the export potential of domestic enterprises. At the same time, an important role is assigned to the development of basic industries such as casting, forging, stamping. It is planned to launch foundry production in the key regions of Kazakhstan for the industry. The Union of Machine Builders of Kazakhstan emphasized that in case of appropriate support, the implementation of these measures will contribute to the growth of production and labor productivity of domestic engineering in 2 times. Increase in export volume by 1.2 times. In total, the Roadmap provides for 57 activities, which are distributed in 11 areas. жүктеу/скачать 51,76 Kb. Достарыңызбен бөлісу:
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