learners’ understanding, knowledge, ability, motivation, and attitudes. Moreover, assessment apart
from measuring learner performance, also creates conditions for active participation of students to
their own learning. It gives opportunity to improve learner’s abilities allowing them evaluate their
own performance [6].
Formative and summative assessment.There are various classifications
of assessment and
the simplest are summative and formative assessments. Summative assessment defined as an
assessment
of learning, whereas a formative assessment determined as an assessment for learning
[7]. A formative assessment is the action taken by teachers and their learners to assess themselves,
which contributes information that will be applied as feedback to change
learning and teaching
activities [6]. It appears in two basic forms like spontaneous and planned. A spontaneous formative
assessment occurs when a teacher asks students to provide some examples of a just – covered topic,
and when a teacher use eliciting during the lesson. These kinds of activities contribute information
about a pupil’s learning in real life. Meanwhile, planned formative assessments occur when a
teacher brings some quizzes or check their home task.
A summative assessment is
known as high stake assessment, where a teacher evaluates
students understanding mostly at the end of the term. The main goal of summative assessment is to
measure the knowledge of students at a specific time frame.
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