References
1. Гейдешман Е.С. Выбор способа хирургического лечения больных с дефектами хряща коленного сустава при
гонартрозе // Автореф. дис. к.м.н. – Самара, 2008. - 23 с.
2. Корнилов Н.В. Травматология и ортопедия. – СПб.: Гиппократ, 2001. – 488 с.
3. Миофасциальные боли и дисфункции: Руководство по миофасциальным тригерным точкам // Симонс Д.Г.,
Трэвелл Д.Г. – М.: Медицина, 2005. – 656 с.
4. Олюнин Ю.А. Остеоартроз коленных суставов. Особенности диагностики и современные принципы лечения
// Русский медицинский журнал, 2015.-№7.-С. 404
5. Ревматология: национальное руководство / под ред. Е.Л. Насонова, В.А. Насоновой. - М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа,
2008. - 720 с.
6. Физиотерапия: национальное руководство. /Под ред. Г.Н. Пономаренко. - М: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2009.- 864 с.
7. Brasure M., Shamliyan T.A., Olson-Kellogg B. Physical Therapy for Knee Pain Secondary to Osteoarthritis: Future
Research Needs //Future Research Needs Paper No. 37. (Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center
34
Специальный выпуск журнала «Медицина и экология», 2015
МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ — НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ
under Contract No. 290-2007-10064-I.) AHRQ Publication No. 13-EHC048-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare
Research and Quality. February 2013.
8. Gerdesmeyer L., Frey C., Vester J. Radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy is safe and effective in the treatment
of chronic recalcitrant plantar fasciitis //Am. J. Sports. Med. – 2008. – V.36. – Р. 2100-2109.
9. Goertz O., Lauer H., Hirsch T. Extracorporeal shock waves improve angiogenesis after full thickness burn //Burns.–
2012. – V. 38(7). – P.1010-1018.
10. Gur A., Koca I., Karagullu H. Comparison of the Efficacy of Ultrasound and Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapies
in Patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Study //Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain. – 2013.
– V. 21. – Р. 210-216.
11. Jordan K.M. et al. Eular recommendations 2003: an evidence based approach to management of knee osteoar-
thritis: report of task force of the standing committee for international clinical studies including therapeutic trials //
Ann. rheum. dis. – 2003. – V. 62. – P. 1145.
12. Klippel J.H., Crofford L.J., Stone J.H., Weyand C.M. “Rheumatoid arthritis: Epidemiology, pathology, and patho-
genesis,” In Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases, 12th Edition. Atlanta, GA: Arthritis Foundation. – 2001. – p. 289.
13. Losina E., Thornhill T.S., Rome B.N., Wright J., Katz J.N. The dramatic increase in total knee replacement utiliza-
tion rates in the United States cannot be fully explained by growth in population size and the obesity
epidemic // J.
Bone Jt. Surg. Am. – 2012. – V. 94. – P. 201.
14. Oakley S.P. A critical appraisal of quantitative arthroscopy as an outcome measure in osteoarthritis of the knee //
Arthritis Rheum. – 2003. – 33 (2). – P. 83-105.
15. Seok H., Kim S.H. The Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy vs. Local Steroid Injection for Man-
agement of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome A Randomized Controlled Trial // American Journal of Physical Medicine & Re-
habilitation. – 2013. – V. 92. – Р. 327-334.
16. Sofat N., Ejindu V., Kiely P. What makes osteoarthritis painful? The evidence for local and central pain processing
// Rheumatology (Oxford). – 2011. – V.50. – P. 2157.
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK-WAVES IN KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS THERAPY
Karaganda State Medical University
The authors made the conclusion, that the application of ESWT has a potential to promote regression of pain syndrome
and improve knee joint function. Noninvasiveness of the method, high analgesic activity, possibility of short-term (10-15 minutes)
procedures application in outpatient clinic 1-2 times a week, are the main advantages of shock-wave therapy in knee osteoarthritis
treatment.
Key words: extracorporeal shock-waves, pain syndrome, knee joint, osteoarthritis
УДК 615.5
K. Skak, N. S. Tabriz, Z. B.Nurtazina
CLINICAL TRAILS
«ARGLABIN, CAPSULES»
AS IMMUNOMODULATOR
Karaganda state medical university, Karaganda
Topicality: According to Global organization of healthcare herbal origin drugs is one of the most important
source of compounds required for treatment and for increase of protective forces of an organism at various diseases,
with the majority of therapeutic action, low toxicity and the possibility of long use without the risk of side effects allow
the herbal remedies to successfully compete with synthetic drugs [6,7].
The problem of immune dysfunction is one of the most actual in modern medicine. The creation of new
effective drugs with immunomodulatory action is necessary in connection with the recent increase recently the
states of immune depression, clearly lack of efficacy of available immunomodulatory drugs. In turn, the correction of
immune status in patients with help of immunotropic drugs requires long term of usage [9]. Nowadays only 2% of
famous medicinal plants growing in Kazakhstan, use in pharmacology and therapy of internal diseases. Meanwhile,
the Republic in dire needs anti-inflammatory, immune stimulating, antituberculous, psychotropic, antitumor, analgesic
and other non-toxic drug with a low cost of production [11].
So that’s why relevant is allocation of individual active substance from the total extract of herbal then design
immunomodulatory drugs in this base.
Специальный выпуск журнала «Медицина и экология», 2015
35
МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ — НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ
In this regard interest on original medical drugs «Arglabin», designed on a basis individual joining – new
sesquiterpene lactone of Artemisia glabella Kar. et Kir. (wormwood smooth) [2,3,5].
Clearly installed immunomodulatory effect of Arglabin, depending on the dosage and exhibiting a predominant
effect on T-cell element of immunity [1,4,8,10].
Currently JSC “International research and production holding “Phytochemistry” on the basis of the substance
of Arglabin developed ingestion form of the drug “Arglabin, capsules”.
In connection with the foregoing, we set a goal to study the tolerability and safety of the drug “Arglabin,
capsules” in healthy volunteers.
Materials and methods
The object of clinical research was the drug “Arglabin, capsules”, which is a micro granules from white to white
with a yellowish sheen color, containing the active ingredient guaiane sesquiterpene the γ-lactone type – Arglabin,
C15H18O3. Mr = 246 g/mol, 100-102 °C, [α]D 20+45,6. Medical form packaged in enteric-coated capsules.
Composition: active substance - Arglabin native 50,0 mg; other ingredients: lactose of 124.8 mg;
polyvinylpyrrolidone 2.0 mg; Aerosil - 2,0 mg.
In clinical studying of this drug «Arglabin, capsules» included 30 volunteers in according of criterias inclusion/
failure to include in the study protocol to conduct phase I clinical test of learning portability and safety of using
original medical drug «Arglabin, capsules» as an immunomodulator. Healthy volunteers passed the examination
(kidney function, liver and allergic status) at the beginning of taking drug «Arglabin, capsules» and after finishing of
treatment.
Conducted clinical studying before and after taking drug «Arglabin, capsules» in the following testimony:
overall volunteers’ health, complaints, objective status, allergic anamnesis, general analysis of blood, urine, ALT, AST,
AP, bilirubin, glucose, general cholesterol, CPC, creatinine, general blood protein, albumin, urea Ig E.
Were treated volunteers drug “Arglabin, capsules”, in a daily dose of 100 mg for 14 days and monitored for
tolerability and overseeing the development of adverse events.
To assess the safety of the drug “Arglabin, capsules” the subjects were taken into account objectively and
subjective status, the results of laboratory parameters, as well as changing biochemical data in the blood.
When carrying out the first phase of a clinical study in subjects before the study and after the study was
determined by the following indicators: clinical, laboratory (clinical and biochemical), which were recorded in the
patient’s card.
Statistical processing of the material obtained included an assessment of the reliability criterion of Student for
independent and dependent samples.
The results and discussion.
The analysis of the results of drug treatment “Arglabin, capsules” as an immunomodulator.
Recruited 30 volunteers in accordance with the criteria of inclusion/omission in the research Protocol to
conduct phase 1 clinical trials “Arglabin, capsules” as an immunomodulator.
Among surveyed men was 12 (40%) women, respectively - 18 (60%). Average and increased volunteers
amounted to – 32 ±1,64.
From 30 volunteers 29 clinically tolerated the drug well, complaints weren’t made. Side effects appeared in
one volunteer in the form of allergic reactions on the fourth day of taking the drug. After discontinuation of the drug
and the appointment of antihistamines adverse events disappeared.
The results of hemogram before and after administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules” presents in table
1. As can be seen from table 1, in volunteers before taking the drug “Arglabin, capsules” almost all of the peripheral
blood revealed a deviation from the norm (except stab neutrophils). Significant change noted in the indices of
erythrocytes -12 (40±88,9%) and hemoglobin- 13 (43,3±9,0%).
After taking the drug “Arglabin, capsules” in the peripheral blood is increased towards norms in the indices
of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, segment nuclear neutrophils, platelets, lymphocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate,
hematocrit, mean concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte, the average content of hemoglobin in the red
blood cell [MCH lymphocytes [LIM abs], but significant difference was in rates of lymphocytes -22 (73,3±8,1%)
before admission, and 28 (93,3±4,6%) after administration, p <0.05. The deviation from the norm became more
indicators (leukocytes), stab neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, average volume of a red blood cell, the
distribution of erythrocytes by volume [RDW] and medium platelet volume [MPV]. Significant difference was only in
the indices of eosinophils - 29 (96,7±3.3 %) to reception and 24 (80±7,3%) after administration, p <0.05. Averages
of total blood analysis before and after taking the drug “Arglabin, capsules” the volunteers are taken on a study of
indicators of hemogram before and after administration of the drug were within the normal range, reliable differences
between indicators before and after treatment was not.
36
Специальный выпуск журнала «Медицина и экология», 2015
МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ — НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ
Table 1 - Results of hemogram before and after administration of the drug” Arglabin, capsules”
Indicators
Before administration of the drug
After administration of the drug
Indicators are in
a norm
Averages
Indicators are in a
norm
Averages
abs
%
abs
%
Erythrocyte
12
40±8,9
4,75±0,15
14
46,7±9,1
4,77±0,11
Hemoglobin
13
43,3±9,0
139±4,09
16
53,3±9,1
139±3,67
Leukocyte
29
96,7±3,3
6,18±0,33
26
86,7±6,2
5,91±0,29
Stab neutrophil
30
100
1,5±0,24
29
96,7±3,3
1,9±0,29
Segmental leukocyte
18
60±8,9
52,0±2,17
21
70±8,4
53,7±1,73
Thrombocyte
18
60±8,9
271,8±10,87
24
80±7,3
265,9±11,84
Eosinophil
29
96,7±3,3
2,26±0,31
24
80±7,3*
3,22±0,43
Basophile
27
90±5,5
0,53±0,15
24
80±7,3
0,45±0,11
Monocyte
25
83,3±6,8
7,93±0,44
24
80±7,3
7,68±0,53
Lymphocyte
22
73,3±8,1
35,69±2,04
28
93,3±4,6*
32,9±1,27
ESR
23
76,7±7,7
10,9±1,88
26
86,7±6,2
8,6±1,09
PCV
18
60±8,9
41,2±1,22
23
76,7±7,7
41,1±1,05
Mean corpuscular volume
24
80±7,3
85,23±1,03
24
80±7,3
85,23±1,03
Mean concentration of hemoglobin
in the erythrocyte
24
80±7,3
33,49±0,29
28
93,3±4,6
33,64±0,27
[MCH]
23
76,7±7,7
28,82±0,49
24
80±7,3
28,84±0,46
[RDW]
26
86,7±6,2
12,44±0,43
24
80±7,3
11,91±0,57
[MPV]
24
80±7,3
7,9±0,24
23
76,7±7,7
7,9±0,23
Lymphocyte [LIM абс]
24
80±7,3
2,06±0,13
28
93,3±4,6
1,87±0,12
Note: *p <0.05, - reliability of differences of parameters between the groups after treatment
Table 2 - Results of General analysis of urine before and after administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules”
Indicators
Before administration of the drug
After administration of the drug
Indicators are in
a norm
Averages
Indicators are in a
norm
Averages
abs
%
abs
%
Density
16
53,3±9,1
1024±1,27
23
76,7±7,7*
1022±1,18
Leukocyte
19
63,3±8,8
2,4±0,4
20
66,7±8,6
1,73±0,26
Epithelium
18
60±8,9
2,4±0,26
17
56,7±9,0
2,5±0,37
Reaction
18
60±8,9
3,57±0,51
20
66,7±8,6
3,57±0,51
Note: *p <0.05, - reliability of differences of parameters between the groups after treatment
Table 3 - Results of biochemical studies of blood before and after administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules”
Показатели
Before administration of the drug
After administration of the drug
Indicators are in
a norm
Averages
Indicators are in a
norm
Averages
abs
%
abs
%
Whole protein
29
96,7±3,3
70,9±1,14
30
100
71,2±0,93
Albumin
29
96,7±3,3
45,34±0,41
28
93,3±4,6
45,3±0,52
Alanine aminotransferase
19
63,3±8,8
20,59±3,49
28
93,3±4,6**
16,48±1,63
AST
30
100
18,38±1,1
30
100
18,68±1,1
Creatine phosphokinase
27
90±5,5
110,4±10,93
24
80±7,3
140,3±22,95
Специальный выпуск журнала «Медицина и экология», 2015
37
МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ — НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ
Alkaline phosphatase
29
96,7±3,3
91,3±2,39
30
100
65,7±2,29
Bilirubin
25
83,3±6,8
9,13±1,03
28
93,3±4,6
9,4±0,99
Conjugated bilirubin
29
96,7±3,3
2,35±0,27
30
100
2,79±0,22
Creatinine in serum
27
90±5,5
60,87±2,22
26
86,7±6,2
60,23±2,14
Blood urea
30
100
4,6±0,51
30
100
4,5±0,2
Cholesterin
23
76,7±7,7
4,4±0,19
26
86,7±6,2
4,5±0,20
Glucose
30
100
4,84±0,07
25
83,3±6,8*
5,1±0,13
Ig E
23
76,7±7,7
120,63±40,5
24
80±7,3
109,9±37,7
Note: *p <0.05, **p <0,002 - reliability of differences of parameters between the groups after treatment.
The results of the General analysis of urine before and after administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules”
are presented in table 2. As can be seen from table 2, in volunteers before taking the medication all of the indicators
were identified deviations from the norm. After taking the drug “Arglabin, capsules” increase in the direction of the
standards noted in most indicators (except epithelium), significant difference was in terms of density of urine - 16
(53,3±9,1%), to receive and 23 (76,7±7,7%) after administration, p <0.05. Averages of total urine before and after
administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules” were within the normal range, no significant differences between
parameters before and after treatment was not.
The results of biochemical studies of blood before and after administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules”
are presented in table 3. As can be seen from table 3, prior to taking the drug in volunteers most of the indicators of
biochemical blood tests revealed abnormalities (except for AST, urea and glucose). After taking the drug “Arglabin,
capsules” increase in the direction of the standards noted in the indicators of total protein, ALT, AP, total and direct
bilirubin, cholesterol and Ig E. But significant difference was in the rates of ALT - 19 (63,3±8,8%) before admission,
and 28 (93,3 ± 4.6 per cent) after admission, p <0,002. The deviation from the norm became more in performance-
albumin, creatine phosphokinase, creatinine in serum and glucose. Significant difference was only in the indicators of
glucose -30 (100%) before admission and 25 (83,3±6,8% ) after administration, p < 0.05. The average biochemical
blood tests before and after administration of the drug “Arglabin, capsules” were within the normal range, no
significant differences between parameters before and after treatment was not.
So thus, the use of the drug “Arglabin, capsules” as an immunomodulator, showed good tolerability and safety,
did not result in statistically significant changes in indicators of functional state of the liver, kidneys, and allergic status
in healthy volunteers.
Side effects of study drug detected in one volunteer in the form of allergic reactions on the skin. After
discontinuation of the drug and the appointment of antihistamines adverse events disappeared. The drug “Arglabin,
capsules” not only were well-tolerated by volunteers, but has led to a significant improvement of some indicators of
laboratory research.
In the context of any possible side effect when taking the drug, you should consider the possibility of adverse
events such as allergic reactions, so before prescribing the drug, you need to figure out in the anamnesis of patients
with allergic predisposition.
The results of our studies allow us to recommend predator “Arglabin, capsules” as an immunomodulator for
further study in clinical practice.
REFERENCES
1. Abildayeva A.Z., Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of sesquiterpene lactone Arglabin. - The
dissertation author’s competition of the candidate of medical sciences. - Karaganda. - 2004 – 20.
2. Adekenov S.M., Mukhametzhanov M.N., Kupriyanov A.N., Kagarlitskiy A.D., Arglabin - new sesquiterpene lactone
from smooth wormwood Artemisia glabella Kar. et Kir. // Chemistry of Natural Compounds - 1982. - № 5. - P. 655-
656.
3. Adekenov S.M., Arglabin - antitumor agent of wormwood smooth // Russian Journal of biotherapeutic.
-2002. - №
2.–T.1. -P. 5-7.
4. Afiyan A.G., The study of the effect of prophylactic administration arglabin on the immune system and survival in
radiation injury. - The dissertation author’s competition of the candidate of medical sciences. - Karaganda. - 1999 –
16p.
5. Dosahanov A.H., Adekenov S.M., Sirota V.B., Arglabin in the treatment of esophageal cancer - Astana. - 2011. -
144 p.
6. Farnworth, N.R., Akerele, O, Bingel, A.S., Soejarto, D.D., & Guo, Z.G. – 2001 – Medicinal plants in therapy. Bull.,
WHO 3: 965–981.
7. Farnworth N.B. et al. Treatment with Herbal Medicines // WHO Bull. – 1985. – Vol. 63. – P. 1–16.
38
Специальный выпуск журнала «Медицина и экология», 2015
МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ — НОВЫЕ ГОРИЗОНТЫ
8. Kostyuk A.V., Immunopharmacology Arglabin. - The dissertation author’s competition of the candidate of medical
sciences. - Karaganda. - 1997 – 21p.
9. Khaitov R.M., Ignatieva G.A., Sidorovich I.G., Immunology.- 2000. - 432 p.
10. Mezentsev M.V., Abildayeva A.Z., Adekenov S.M., Investigation of the effect sesquiterpene lactone Arglabin
and its hydrochloride dimetilaminoproizvodnogo on interferon status in conditions in vitro // Russian Journal of
biotherapeutic . - 2006. - № 1. -T.5 . - P. 44-45.
11. Rakhimov K.D, Pharmacological study of natural compounds in Kazakhstan. Almaty 1999.- 229p .
K. Skak, N. S. Tabriz, Z. B. Nurtazina
CLINICAL TRAILS «ARGLABIN, CAPSULES» AS IMMUNOMODULATOR
Karaganda state medical university, Karaganda
The authors concluded, that in the context of any possible side effect when taking the drug, you should consider the possibility of
adverse events such as allergic reactions, so before prescribing the drug, you need to figure out in the anamnesis of patients with allergic
predisposition. The results of our studies allow us to recommend predator «Arglabin, capsules» as an immunomodulator for further study
in clinical practice.
Key words: arglabin,
adverse events, allergic reactions, capsules, predator
UTC 613.65
Y.N. Sraubayev, B. Serik
RISK ASSESSMENT OF WORKING POSTURE OF TRACTOR DRIVERS
Karaganda State Medical University, Karaganda
Occupation tractor drivers of agricultural production (mechanic) is currently, despite the numerical reduction
in operating and fleet is one of the basic and most abundant in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan
and the countries of the Customs Union (Belarus, Russian Federation). Due to imperfections exploited agricultural
machinery for most parameters determining the state of working conditions, it is not only moral, but also physical
deterioration of machine operators are exposed to the complex unfavorable factors of production, among which are
determining the low-frequency and the total mid-frequency local vibration, forced working posture with considerable
physical and static muscular tension against the backdrop of adverse climate, increased levels of dust and noise.
Exposure to harmful factors of working conditions can lead to functional impairment in activities of individual organs
and systems of the body mechanics, reduced adaptive capacity and the development of pre-morbid and pathological
changes that contribute to the emergence of professional and occupational diseases caused by
During this period the following work is done:
1) Conduct a patent search depth of 10 years. Analyzed 140 literature sources Kazakhstan and neighboring
countries (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kyrgyz Republic), as well as 50 foreign sources (including the Cochrane database,
NCBI).
2) Also conducted hygiene studies included measurement and hygienic assessment of microclimate parameters,
noise and vibration, the severity and intensity of the labor process in the operation of tractors and combine harvesters,
the most widely represented at the present time in the car park the tractor farms. Study of working conditions carried
out using conventional methods in occupational health and equipment in the performance of the main types of
seasonal agricultural work during the annual production cycle (harrowing, cultivation, crop, grain, grain harvesting)
on the basis of the Karaganda region of farms specializing in the production of grain. Physiological studies carried
out in a group of 96 men-machine-agricultural production conditions before the work shift. The average age of the
patients was 41,5 ± 12,5, the average length of service in the profession - 15,9 ± 11,1, among the surveyed persons
who have been working in the profession of up to 10 years accounted for 15.6%, from 11 to 20 years - 30.2%, from
21 to 30 years - 31.3% and more than 30 years of experience - 22.9%. Statistical processing of the results of the
research will be carried out later in the preparation of the full scope of the survey data.
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