.
Conclusions:
Like any representative, the musician performer creatively adapted to find its "face"
and its artistic "image" in the art form chosen by it, at all stages of professional
development does not come out of the "zone" of cultural self-determination, where it
faces a multitude of value and meaningful alternatives. From this point of view, the
presence of reflexive experience of representatives of the musical and performing
specialities is not just a necessity but also the professional relevance of the utmost
importance, taking into account the individual tendencies of self-renewal of own
creative potential of the individual. It should be borne in mind that any performing
idea carries the development moment, onward movement. But in order to become
the internal regulator of the musician's professional behaviour in the performing
process, it must be personally approved and mastered as a conviction. Reflective
understanding promotes "bringing" the leading ideas to the level of adoption,
developing a search program, evaluation criteria, analysing, summarizing,
abstracting professional and creative aspirations of the expert.
Reflexive relation to the knowledge - understanding of musical and performing
assignments is accompanied by approbation of professional and personal position,
opening the cognitive senses in the form of interest, desire, emotion, upon
occurrence of targeted reflexive actions related by the system of mutual transitions
and interactions. In this process, the musician performer's consciousness is
characterized by the personality qualities such as activity, self-observation, self-
realization, orientation, self-actualization, willed self-regulation that as universal
signs absorb the professional senses, views, values, creating ambiguity of musical
and performing solutions in the work with instrumental or vocal material.
Reflexive relation to own music and performing experience enables the expert better
understanding the nature of musical art in general, professional performance, in
particular, thereby, it deeper reveals its own preparation, its content. According to
O.S. Rudneva, ‘it is necessary to approach to the study of music not ‘outside’ within
the framework of traditional and scientific consciousness but ‘inside’ as the object
21
expressing the subjective and creative attitude to the world around in its artistic
specificity in search of effective forms, methods and means used in own activities’
[28, pp. 159-168]. According to M. Freslim the problem "intercultural
communication" in his monograph ‘looks at how a new theory of the cultural
networks can be applied in studying some of the values in the cinema. This is an
opportunity to get to know our world and offers new ways of intercultural
communication’ [29, р.8; 30, pp.75,87]. In particular, ‘reflect on’, ‘look at yourself,’
outlining the new contours of own professional ‘I’, determine the vector of personal
‘self-measurement’ are the essential features of the musician's competence in
performing activities.
References
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23
Kabyl Khalykov
Dr. of Philosophy, Professor,
Vice-Rector For Research of
T.Zhurgenov Kazakh National
Academy of Arts (Kazakhstan)
kabylkh@gmail.com
FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF KAZAKH DRAMA THEATRE
AND SCENOGRAPHY IN RECENT YEARS
Kazakh Drama Theatre in creative development stages till this day has followed
global trends in modernization of national culture and adapting to the requirements
of modern trends. In this area, the concept of human realities recognizing as the
realities of the nation in terms of contemporary cultural theory without doubt its
contradictory sides will distract the audience and researchers. However, taking into
account the requirements of our time in these matters, there are specific features of
Kazakh theater culture, the Kazakh nation. Therefore the artistic creativity of the
such features for future linkage or compatible study different aspects of historical,
cultural and philosophical question.
Scenography (stage design) in the innovative technology era that contribute to the
production of dramatic action, performances decoration as well as the creative
development of the domestic laws of expertise in the scenography addition, the
introduction of new materials, new stage machinery mastering the technology, plays
a new plastic-spatial specialty, which sometimes stereotype repetitions (one is still
remarkable scientific theory developed).
We can say that all the above mentioned features’ advantages and disadvantages can
be seen at M.O. Auezov Kazakh State Academic Drama Theatre performances.
The reason is that the demand that the social environment of each theater weight
always in different ways. We meet in our theater with spiritiual values, and
sometimes easy genres are forward than other ones, as well as techniques and
technologies that interest in the truth. Therefore, the focus of our article in the
direction of the general methodology of the theater. Accordingly, rational thought
collective creative affecting the scenography points, or gaps, any development takes
place at one point as an example.
Many theater lovers watch with enjoy performances of drama theater named after
M. Auezov. Many of the positive comments written after the premiere
24
performances. In general, these phenomena conscience and professional and
scientific point of view, a number of performances should be superficial way. In
most cases, the scenography on the stage drama is limited to light illustrations. This
according to our objective mind professional game action video coincide with tiles,
the value analysis of the moments that opportunity or not? Stereotype teaching
approaches, we gradually built a set of circumstances at all? Even a rough thing,
lightly glossy, colorful scenery of the game, it has been found that is able to capture
the shadow of the real scenography restrained performances. Our masters "play
clean directors, scenography" defeated price, will be forgiven. The total distribution
of scenography and direction? We performed an analysis of all these professional
expertise to determine the following positions. Usually, we use the analysis of its
students work [1, p. 420].
1. Compliance of the external form with the content of the performance.
2. Set design found in the composition.
3. Special performance found in plate tectonics, the texture, the adoption of the
image.
4. During the action scenes, the transformation of scenery and space.
5. The use of stage equipment and scenery’s multi functionality, contextuality.
6. Products and in the scenery figurativeness costumes, transparency, scale,
anthropometry and ergonomics requirements.
7. Satisfy its audience aesthetics in accordance with the time created a new aesthetic
design, scenic design (type and color, etc.).
8. The safety of scene actions.
9. Set design theory, technique and technology news network.
10. Space theater scenography of the theory of culture issues.
A lot of performances in our theater have relations with the world's most
performances, cultural trends. For example, "Аvalanche" found in scenography
director of performance consistent with the decision of the staging form
scenography plastic materials, will be playing in the mutually complementary. The
main thought of deposits made in different contexts idea being advanced with
scenography other layers of radiation.
Scientists of scenography (Karzhaubayeva, S.K.) of M.Auezov theatre described
scenography as follows: "The full feature set and costume design increases the
importance of the decision of scenography to affect the image. Scenography to take
the role of theater not only the usual concept of background that has changed. In
addition, the performance can´t be distinguished consideration in the form of an
organic part of the art of the video is not in doubt (but, unfortunately, in most cases
it will not be done). Stage design their own methods, tools and only dramatic
conflict peripeties not explain the real motives of the central character, as well as
fundamental questions of human existence in the heart of the war to understand the
new values to distinguish and enrich the daily values of us every day" [2, p.75]. In
this context, the difficult process of creating a multi-layered performance that aspect
of its visual presentation of " Beauty and the Artist" refers to the play.
25
By M.Auezov "Karagoz" work again in a few decades later, the director is
B.Atabaev ( stage designer Erlan Twyaqov). The main line of the play may not be
force against a person’s feeling. This is reflected in the Legend of love between
Narsha, Karagoz and Sirym. Scenography place of the accident, felt at home on the
banks of the river, comes to events like changes. Kazakh village and a luxury kiyz ui
are described as close to the Kazakh life. But the director believes that the
performance of the former than the version currently being modified approach to the
sufferings of mourning in the house observed by showing. This performance
tradition of those formalities, showed the worst. In particular, is the funeral of a man
who died without leaving a corpse in nearly crowd thinking not only denigrating the
audience in this context? This is only the director only in terms of bold decisions.
Well, scenography of these values have been changed or modified as a new form of
modern internal conflicts can´t display the content of external form. The height of
the internal correspondence is not supported. Of course, at that time a young stage
designer of the graduate students work. Shared his impressions after the premiere,
the German stage designer É.Ralf share his opinion Xabben said: "The majority of
national costumes on stage scenery costume collection. So the scene decoration
relief decoration is not covering. There are disputes between them". Narsha has a
great image in the play. Karagoz and raw images, such as it is tragic video. Narsha,
in reality is very gentle, decent, powerful, insightful mind person. It was the
beginning of a very strong sense of self-centered Karagoz change the true sense of
the pain that deepens.
In one of the viewer's opinion: " The woman from the tender," interior scenography
in the performance arena, empty, on the contrary, the overwhelming theme of chaos
will not be forgotten. M.Auezov theater performances of the vast majority of
scenery heavy said. " Kas kagym" ( Brow few) violent play " cruelty" he said. The
theater's famous stage designer E.Tuyaqov: "Koskin" (Avalanche) mysterious image
of the characters in the play. Other deaths imagine the life of the world". Now, one
of the audiences for "Beauty and the artist" saw plastic play 5 times the performance
of a romantic. Are the most aesthetic tastes of the highest performance? These
individuals, despite the general M. Auezov theatre attach the importance of the issue
of theater scenography plays discourse.
" Tansulu" the performance of the forms of the elements of its national etnography
director's performance, the actors’ plastic His motives match showed a pattern of
Kazakh theater transcendental knowledge. This, of course, "Tansulu" rests thoughts
Tansulu courage and image of the main character of the human soul touching a
historic event for this team performances creative impulse. The reason is that many
of the stories from the history of the Kazakh people for the scenography of the
performance, direction, music for the new space, style, not plastic, but its
transcendent moral, cognitive aspects of "serious information that images" brought.
Of course this has left a good impression on the audience ethnographic specimens,
irrational taken at the turn of the styles of traditional and avant-garde music, music,
characters obviously suit. However, this "Tansulu". The crux of the performance of
26
the dramatic structure of the network's original (playwright Garipholla Esim,
director Alma Kakisheva,). Adjusting to the rational structure of the event because
of its unique composition. Therefore, dramatic art the idea of the performance space,
but rather inspired by the freedom and creativity on the stage.
"Tansulu" scenography media about the " three-dimensional holography, the scene
was different from all the other techniques that use theater performances, new
trends," noted that often [3,4]. In fact, the video of plots, animations and video
projections, light performance score is very skillful in accordance with the behavior
and the atmosphere of the scene. The artist (stage designer Kabyl Khalykov) the
appearance of the scene of the world's creative search and theaters, technology
research natural phenomenon. Actors game of organic, holders of mutual
understanding, and the achievement of one of the theater's ensemble. Unfortunately,
provided by professional theater critics in terms of in-depth reviews.
"Kas Kagym" play scenery characterized by the formation of small space diagonally
across the stage of the theater scenography and graphic black and white vertical
rectangles, iron accumulates diagonal black mesh portal. From a vertical
rectangular forms similar forms out. All this is in total conflict with the installation
of the atmosphere of the play, the stage act accordingly expect. However, the
content of the performance during the event and there is disconnect between the
scenography. The protagonist of her fragile world that has no place in a locked .
Despair and chaos, all events like the end of one note. As for the reminder of the
first version of this time, we playwright, director position chosen form, the author,
the "director's thoughts deployment" is used. Text developed in other contexts
change, takes place in conditions of provocation. However, as the play does not lose.
Because here aesthetics based on intensive methods this spectacle with
schizophrenia, one of the author and do not use aesthetic categories. He created the
concept of modern art, art and culture, one of the authors of French cultural works
will be considered (M.Fucaw, J.Derrïda Zh.Delez F.Gvattarï) [5, p.62].
Even if these phenomena (schizophrenia) are the main feature in the play, but has its
decorations were taken into account? "Few" more than one hospital associates
scenography. From the very nature of the human mind and it is not clear, but the fate
of the square cut cubic range of characters Sabit and stared at one another artist is
sensitive to the feelings mirage good shows through the clear glass (stroking glass
when they meet). Iron lion issues of freedom and its attempts to fight to keep the
grid. This is the first sound of the hand, on the other hand, the development of the
next act scenography not think a number of things. In particular, Zhazira , this is the
only freedom, the world of the imagination; it now must reflect the world in
accordance with set and costume design. Unfortunately, stage of this scenery of the
spectacle the stage for tough style and sense of freedom, the "locked grid"
disappeared there, in our opinion, such as interfering. Unusual little girl dance on the
bars. Nervous diseases, listen to music, only to find the soul of a hero, it is still a
goal, the chain of self-expression, but the process is defined schizo potential
characters.
27
In order to develop "classical idea in traditional psychoanalyst Zh.Deleuze and
F.Gvattari determined schizopotential in different types of arts and tried to
introduce them new elements. In comparison with this, they believe that the
future of the theatrical art will be a great" [5, p. 64]. In performance “Tansulu” the
rate of unconsciousness gives form to its theme and content, and expands its natural
consciousness. In comparison with “Kas kagym” in spectacle “Tansulu” developing
of classical idea a stronger. In a mysterious universe, amongst with an indistinct
visions in the mind “Tansulu” from the point of Deleuze has its individual
shizopotential. In generally, researching the ethnographic elements and model of
world in ancient kazakh history has its theory in esthetical science which called as a
"The cultural sources relevant to the epoch of Topos". It’s the cultural epoch of
cohesion and convergence of people with nature. From the point of theory the avant-
garde movements related to the cultural epoch “ChronoTopos” [6, p.281].
According to M. Freslim the problem "intercultural communication" in his
monograph ‘looks at how a new theory of the cultural networks can be applied in
studying some of the values in the cinema. This is an opportunity to get to know our
world and offers new ways of intercultural communication’ [7; 8, р.8; 9, pp.75, 87].
In particular, culture of the XX century was established in this way.
Zh. Deleuze emphasized this creative tendency and its psychological acceptance,
and associated the direction of theatrical world with dramaturge, stage director and
actor Karmelo Bene. Even their co-written book ‘Interlacing’ became the
schizoanalysis of modern theatrical arts. In general, Bene’s creations pedestal is
alternative not traditional minorital theater which known as a “theater without
performance”. His feature is in that he with authors makes paraphrases on the
themes of classical pieces, and excludes the main characters (e.g. Hamlet) and so
gives the chance for the development of unimportant characters. (e.g. Mercutio from
Romeo ).This is denoted critical activities of the theater. By reporting this position
Deleuze believe that for figures of theater the peculiarity of this position is to
consider their role again. Therefore, in his opinion man of the theater is not
dramaturge, not actor and not stage director. He is a surgeon, operator, amputator
who makes operation. The issue not that, all mentioned positions in performance
“Kas Kagym” was guided by theoretical or not.The task of stage directed the release
of the performance of the artistic life problems, give a modern motif. Zh. Deleuze
said that “The literature – its aim, production, not show yourself, it’s a process, even
schizophrenia” [5, p.61]. As view of shizoliterature ideal model of the writer –
schizophrenic will be example of A. Arto creative work “Arto-Shizo”. We see the
same pattern in a Van Gogh painting. By reporting this positionDeleuze believe that
for the figures of theater the peculiarity of this position is to consider their role
again. Therefore, in his opinion theatre person is not dramaturge, actor and stage
director. He is a surgeon, operator, amputator who makes operation.The aim is to
lead the psychological and esthetic opinions of culture experts in modern artworks,
and their directly or indirectly participation in some direction of our theater
performances. Because, our modern life has its features, taste reliefs, and it can
become the text and tendency of the epoch.
28
But how these phenomena are coincide in accordance with the order, and when do
not coincide? In this case, let's compare the opinions of the mentioned authors again.
In generally, art can not only develop but also it can decline. Time heals everything
and brings his methods and rules. In art its legitimacy, the transformation of the
cultural experiments of each period from stability to stereotype, government and
supremacy. But the aim demystification is deprivation of government powers in the
theater and theatre government, and demystification of theatrical phenomenon. At
the same time, the left radicals spirit of aesthetic programs, Deleuze encourages to
abandon from “despotism of text, authoritarianism of stage direction, narcissism of
actors”, and proposed new theatrical form – “theatre without view”, “theatre
without image». Its prototype is A.Arto, B.Willson, E.Grotovsky, viewed "Living
Theatre". We can say that as example of minorital theatre can be the artwork of F.
Kafka. The performance “Kas kagym” which was staged in the small hall of our
theater occupies a special place. But in the theater, these initiatives in the
conceptual, theoretical basis are not enough managing methodology and context.
Because, the connection between artistic and life in performance is a one of the form
of art, and unique plastic solution must remain as an aesthetic heritage in the
memory of the audience. In the art "reality of life" is not required to be as in life [10,
pp. 5-16].
In general, if we look to the history of the theater, we can imagine that theatre
through the human dramatic activities established the new forms of world managing
since the Renaissance.Thus we can consider how the best of the century
philosophical ideas have been implemented in a certain direction theater. It’s was
known as in renaissance period the form of people’s art were entered into theatrical
art (Italian comedy of masks), while Shakespeare, Lope de Vega is a means of social
struggle in the theater, the theatre brings philosophical pattern and achieved on the
analysis of the world status.
The
classicism
theatre
was
based
on
the
aesthetics
standard
and rationalized philosophy. On its basis the great tragedy (Racine, Cornell) and
comedy dramaturgy (Moliere) laughed at the human defects, also glorify their ideal
heroes and tried to show them. Actors in order to reveal the universal descriptions of
their characters exactly consider them in accordance of historical and national
peculiarities. The enlightenment ideas (Diderot, Lessing) satisfied the theater of
XVIII century. In the third estate it became known as a means of social
struggle against feudalism. The aspirations of actors to show the social status of their
characters in art established realistic motifs.
In the first half of the XIX century came the romantic theater. Its difference is that it
is very emotional lyricism, pathos strike, and the description of the characters. In the
30 of the XIX century the most dominant direction of theatre critical realism was
developed on base of dramaturges of Gogol, Ostrovsky, Chekhov, and Ibsen. The
theater became a national theater. Also, theater democratized, developed its mass
media and folk forms, and only for the people there were established theaters as a
"boulevard"
theater
(Paris), small
theater
(New-York),
29
and suburb theater (Vienne). The XIX century’s Russian performing art is a theater
of realism, urgent social problems and their satirical imagines, while the critical
view is a typing of the world, psychological analysis of person.
In the first half of XX century in theater hosted the great reform. K. Stanislavsky,
Vs. Meyerhold, M. Chehov, M. Reynhardt, A. Appia, G. Creug, L. Kurbas made a
new scientific theory of performing arts. The person who makes a theatrical
imagines shows his observations, experience from life, and actor as “builder
machine”. The idea of the performance is realized through this actor. Actor plays a
key element in the theater activities. At the beginning of the development of theater,
dramaturge and performer was a one person, but nowadays in performing the main
principle isensemble. Also at the beginning of work the director of performance i.e.
stage director is highlighted. He is not only leads the troupe, implemented piece in
performances, but also gives direction.
In a word, most repertoires of M. Auezov Kazakh State Academic Drama Theatre’s
are historical themes, social themes, people’s problems and that’s why it can
coverage all of these above mentioned reforms. In this case, the aesthetics of stage
design transformed and works appropriate to him. "Human body, body of object,
costume body, fitting the context as a living mechanism in action, can play a role in
intentional perception, contemplation and intuition where everything is connected in
the motor and perceptual powers in the primary sense. The body here is like an
expressive unity in creativity whereas vision implies positional corporeality: without
the experience of vision there is no experience of corporeality. Intentionality here is
considered as constitutive principle of human creativity research in Art. The
intentional approach shows how the constituent components of scenography such as
content, form and image constitute a correlation of tactile and visual field by means
of consciousness. The author suggests a new intentional approach of the cultural text
phenomenon perception and their interpretation" [11, pp.86-102].
Nevertheless, we are in the book based on Zh.Deleuze, F.Gvattarïand Theories of
culture experts and philosophers of "postmodernism" and as aesthetics it’s still at the
beginning of the modern traffic. It’s true that it became famous in scenography,
performances, in “actual” art, design.Its bright future or short future in artistic
practice is in the hands of fate. But it’s still staid as a creator of today’s news.
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