Н. Ю. Зуева (жауапты хатшы), О. Б. Алтынбекова, Г. Б. Мәдиева

8 
 
 
 
ISSN 1563-0223                        Bulletin KazNU. Filology series. 
№ 5-6(139-140). 2012 
мрмрол 
 
 
 
УДК. 81’373;001.4. 
 
T.T. Dzharasova
1
, T.Zh.Tazhiyeva
2
 
1
candidate of Philological sciences, docent, 
2
3
rd
 year student al-Farabi Kazakh National University,  
Kazakhstan, Almaty 
 
Neologisms in the world of fashion 
 
The language vocabulary is changing, renewing the existing words and creating new, this takes place not only in 
linguistics, but also in other different spheres of human activities. The subject of the investigation in this article is 
neologisms in the world of fashion and their usage in Modern English. This work deals with the different new words 
in the fashion sphere, their semantic classification and analysis. 
Keywords: neologisms, neology, semantic classification.  
 
Т.Т. Джарасова, Т.Ж. Тажиева 
Сән әлеміндегі неологизмдер 
 
Қазіргі  заманда  ағылшын  тілінің  сөздік  қоры  күннен-күнге  жаңа  сөздермен  толықтырылып  жатыр. 
Берілген  мақала  ағылшын  тіліндегі,  әсіресе  сән  әлеміндегі  жаңа  сөздерге,  яғни  неологизмдерге  арналған. 
Әлемдегі  атақты  дизайнерлер,  модельдер  және  сән  ортасындағы  кез  келген  адамдар  жаңа  киім  үлгілерін, 
белгілі бір сән үрдістерін көптеген жаңа сөздермен атауда. Сондықтан біз сән саласындағы неологизмдерді 
газет-журналдардан,  теледидардан,  интернет  сайттарынан  жинастырдық.  Нәтижесінде,  қарастырылған 
неологизмдерді  семантикалық  топтарға  бөліп,  анализін  жасап,  сонымен  қатар  ағылшын  тіліндегі  рөлін 
қарастырдық. Сонымен қатар неологизмдерді жинастыру үдерісінде қазіргі кезде қолданысқа енді ғана еніп 
жатқан сән тақырыпшасына байланысты неологизмдердің тек қана ер адамдардың сән стиліне байланысты 
жаңа сөздерді кездестіріп, оларға жалпы мәлімет беріп өттік.   
Түйін сөздер:  неологизм, неология, семантикалық классификация.   
 
Т.Т. Джарасова, Т.Ж. Тажиева 
Неологизмы в мире моды 
 
В нынешнее время лексика английского языка пополняется новыми словами каждый день. Данная статья 
предназначена  неологизмам  в  английском  языке,  особенно  в  сфере  моды.  Когда  известные  дизайнеры  или 
модели  придумывают  новые  слова  новому  стилю  одежды,  обуви  и  всему,  что  связано  с  миром  моды, 
обычные люди не поспевают понять и использовать те или иные неологизмы. Поэтому мы решили собрать 
все неологизмы, относящиеся к этой сфере в разных газетах и журналах, в телевидении и интернет-сайтах.  В 
процессе  рассматривания  новых  слов  мы  столкнулись  с  новым  видом  неологизмов  в  сфере  моды,  которые 
относятся только к мужскому полу, и дали характеристику тех слов. В результате мы получили подробный 
анализ неологизмов, их семантическую классификацию, наряду с этим рассмотрели роль неологизмов мира 
моды в современном английском языке.  
Ключевые слова: неологизм, неология, семантическая классификация. 
 
 
Each year, more and more words are added to 
English lexicon. New meanings are given to 
existing words by media, politicians, celebrities, 
artists, educators, writers, techies and just by about 
anyone creative enough to a neologism. This term 
simply means a new word or a new phrase that is 
being commonly used but not yet included in a 
mainstream language. 
A neologism can be a brand new word gaining 
usage in a language, or a new meaning for a word 
already in existence. Such a term isn't typically in 
common use, but may become so if it is used often. 
Neologisms can come from a variety of places and 
might be gleaned from scientific or technical  
language, come from other languages, be derived  
 
by putting two words together, or they may be 
solely invented. Linguistic specialists suggest new 
words often migrate into a language most with 
great cultural changes or with the integration of 
two cultures that speak two different languages. 
Arguably, things like social media may also have 
great influence on which new words become part 
of a language.  
Changes to the English language do not go 
unnoticed by linguists and lexicographers. While 
some of the other languages in the world are being 
fiercely protected in their mother countries, 
English seems to enjoy the influx of new terms 
into its dictionaries. "OMG," "FYI," "Britcom," 
"emailed," "goldendoodle," and "brain candy" are 
T.T. Dzharasova, T.Zh.Tazhiyeva 

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Вестник КазНУ. Серия филологическая. № 5-6(139-140). 2012 
 
 
just some of the surprising entries to the Oxford 
English Dictionary [4]. 
We live in a society that constantly develops. 
New objects in different spheres arise and they 
need to be named. That is why no science can exist 
without neologisms, new words. Though the 
neologisms dominate in the field of knowledge, 
other people, not only scientists, can also feel the 
necessity to express and interpret reality by new 
ways and create new words that would reflect it. 
One of the different spheres of human activities 
which plays a big role in creating neologisms is 
fashion industry. Every day designers, creators of 
new fashion styles renew old words or give new 
names to the objects, clothes and everything which 
is connected to the fashion world. Then editors of 
famous magazines and models do not have a 
choice other than using that strange unknown 
words until people start understand and also use 
them in their speech. That is a process of new 
words of fashion world entering a language. At the 
present moment fashion is developing very swiftly 
and there is so called “neology blow up” in this 
sphere. For example, recent years advertisers 
promote such new words as backsters – beech 
sandals with thick soles or swetnik which is 
understood as a long jacket [3.75].  
Linguists often classify neologisms by its 
degree of use in a language. The newborn word is 
at first unstable, and it’s hard to guess whether it 
will take hold and eventually be a word that most 
people know and use. A diffused neologism means 
that many people are using the word, but it doesn’t 
yet have formal recognition as a word, and 
ultimately, if the word remains popular it may 
attain stable status. It has become part of the 
language and is likely to be defined in dictionaries 
[1.85].  
At first, the neologisms were a kind of a secret 
language among the fashion industry, etymologists 
say. Yet they're going mainstream. Now, editors of 
the prestigious Oxford English Dictionary are 
tracking them for possible inclusion. 
A neologism matchy-matchy can serve as an 
example. It is an adjective used to describe 
something or someone that is very or excessively 
colour coordinated. It is a term that is commonly 
used in fashion blogs to describe an outfit that is 
too coordinated and consists of too many of the 
same types of colors, patterns, fabrics, accessories, 
etc. Matchy-matchy was added to the Oxford 
English Dictionary in 2010 along with 200 new 
words. This neologism is used mostly in fashion 
blogs dealing with something being too alike or 
matching too much. Wearing tops and bottoms that 
match are the new look in fashion [4]. 
Lexicographers are facing a challenge these 
days since many new words achieve popularity and 
acceptance in a short time period. There was a time 
when new words of mode, in order to be 
considered for inclusion, had to be in use for two 
or three years. This is not the case now. In today's 
age of unusual clothes and new different styles, 
new terms are created in a blink of an eye. 
Assessing whether a new word is evanescent or 
eternal is a job lexicographers take seriously. 
The men and women’s collection shows at 
different Fashion Weeks all over the world give 
rise to more neologisms. Fashion editors often lack 
the words to describe wacky runway concoctions. 
At Hermès’ women's fashion collection in March, 
for instance, "poots" was coined to identify a pair 
of leather pants that segue into boots. 
All neologisms of fashion world fall into 
various categories. Therefore, we can classify 
neologisms in the fashion sphere into several 
semantic groups such as neologisms of clothing, 
footwear and bags. It is crystal clear that the 
neologisms pertaining to the clothing consist of 
new words which name particular types of clothes. 
There are some examples of it: 
Slimster or string – miniscule bikini for women; 
Hipsters – trousers or skirt with the belt on hips; 
Completenik – a long sweater for trousers; 
Pants-skirt bloomers – lady’s sports trousers; 
Treggings – are type of trousers made from 
combining trousers + leggings;  
Plus size clothing - clothing proportioned 
specifically for overweight people; 
Bosnian tuxedo – any nylon or velvet track suit; 
Catsuit – one piece clinging suit which was 
originally created to name a masquerade outfit. 
There are also a lot of new words belonging to 
the footwear in the fashion: 
Bandals – shoes combined from boots and 
sandals: boots + sandal; 
Thongs – are open sandals for everyday 
outlook; 
Cougar Climbers – one of the many names for 
the new 7-inch high heel shoes fashion craze; 
Shoots – type of shoes combined with boots, 
this term is made by compounding two words: 
shoe + boots; 
Winklepickers – extraordinary shoes with long 
pointed toes both for men and women. 
Neologisms belonging to the group of bags are 
less than in previous two, nevertheless it cannot be 
left unnoticed. They describe new unusual bags of 
Neologisms in the world of fashion 

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ISSN 1563-0223                        Bulletin KazNU. Filology series. 
№ 5-6(139-140). 2012 
different styles and take their own not less 
important role in fashion. For instance: 
Bumbag – a small bag worn on waist, which is 
very comfortable and do not disturb people while 
working;  
Maitre – a small bag for cosmetics, recently it 
has replaced a small makeup bag in usage; 
Sling bag – a type of handbag that is worn over 
one shoulder with a strap that winds  around the 
chest resting the bag on the lower back. Although 
it is similar to a messenger bag, a sling bag is often 
smaller. 
We can list other neologisms which cannot be 
included into three main groups, but are directly 
connected with the world of fashion. Components 
of this group are new words linked to the magazines, 
journals, models and accessories: 
Trendbook – journal which describes new 
styles, clothes, etc; 
Trendsetter – someone who popularizes a new 
fashion, this can be model, celebrity or designer; 
Alpha consumer – one who picks up on trends 
before they become trends, used as a predictor for 
what will be popular in a few weeks or months; 
Bling-bling – shiny metal trinkets, necklaces, 
objects of luxury; 
Boho - referring to a specific Bohemian fashion 
style that originated in New York; 
Fashionista – a fashion-conscious female, this 
term is used to describe a girl obsessed with 
fashion and trends; she only wears the best labels 
and latest designer name brands; 
Fashion roadkill – a model who trips on the 
runway, or a very badly dressed person; 
Armanied – very stylish, characterized by 
contemporary, suave fashion similar to the clothing 
of designer Giorgio Armani; 
Spatique – a store where one can purchase or 
receive spa services and also buy beauty  and 
fashion products; 
Glamazon – a trendy female, it is used to 
denote a girl who always dresses very elaborately 
in the latest trends and fashions. 
As the world of fashion is divided into two 
groups of `fashion for men` and `fashion for 
women`, neologisms in the fashion sphere can also 
be divided into the same groups. Today, there are 
more new words connected with men’s clothing 
style, it's part of a special lexicon that has emerged, 
over the past decade, as a sort of shorthand for 
men's fashion. Editors of the Oxford English 
Dictionary are “tracking” hybrid fashion terms like 
“manties”, “mewelry”, and “mantyhose” for 
"possible inclusion" in a future edition.  
The invention of new words to describe men's 
fashion is a symptom of the recent boom in the 
men's fashion industry. The sector is proving 
particularly resilient to economic turbulence: 
during the first half of this year, sales of men's 
apparel in the U.S. rose 4.6% while women's fell 
0.8%, according to market researcher NPD Group. 
The rise of men's fashion, and its corresponding 
lexicon, goes back to the birth of the term 
metrosexual in the 1990s. Used to describe a man 
who is concerned with his appearance, it ushered 
in a generation of pop culture stars who are 
praised, not ridiculed, for their style choices. 
A few expressions deal with the less glamorous 
side of fashion. Some male models are said to 
suffer from "manorexia." Several words describe 
grooming more than fashion, such as "guyliner" 
(eyeliner for guys) and "manscaping" (the removal 
of hair from men's limbs and loins). 
In the past decade, manbag has become 
particularly common – both as a product and as a 
word. The scientists over at Oxford English 
Dictionary gave "manbag" a stamp of approval 
five years ago – the only new men's fashion term 
to receive the distinction. Fiona McPherson, the 
dictionary's senior editor for new words, said 
manbag had met the test of time. She traced the 
word's first use back to 1968 [2.201].  
The following words do not actually exist in the 
English language – at least in dictionaries – at least 
not yet – though I’ve come across them all, some 
spoken, others written in newspapers or on blogs, 
in comment sections, or elsewhere. They’re all 
trying to be real words but somehow go off the 
mark. Some of them are quite charming, and 
maybe someday they’ll become familiar and 
accepted enough to enter the language completely: 
Mandals – open-toed shoes that are more 
formal and structured than flip-flops; 
Murses – a handbag for men, from male or man 
+ purse; 
Manties – men’s underwear; 
Mankini – a brief one-piece bathing garment for 
men, with a T-back, from man + bikini; 
Mantyhose – type of tights, hosiery or leggings 
for men, combined from man + pantyhose. 
The progress of fashion, arts and mode gives 
occasion for the large majority of new words; for a 
new thing we must have a new name; hence, for 
instance, fashionista, murses, and winklepickers. 
As a literary concept and term, neologism 
appeared in the 18th century and its old meaning 
was synonymous to «barbarism». In the modern 
meaning of neologism appeared early in the 19th 
T.T. Dzharasova, T.Zh.Tazhiyeva 

11 
 
Вестник КазНУ. Серия филологическая. № 5-6(139-140). 2012 
 
 
century and, gained the acceptance towards the end 
of the century. Nowadays around 4000 words enter 
English vocabulary every year and a quarter of that 
number is connected with fashion and mode which 
reflects the fast development of the language and 
makes the phenomena interesting to analyze. New 
words and expressions or neologisms are created 
for new things irrespective of their scale of 
importance. In brief, we can see the lexical creation 
of neologisms which are made to describe the most 
beautiful and elegant area of human development 
[5.122]. 
This paper presents an investigation of 
neologisms in fashion sphere across four distinct  
 
topic areas. We extract the most pertinent neologisms 
encountered in the world of fashion in order to 
enhance the topic classification system. In addition, 
the results obtained will be used to extend the 
current lexical parser to improve coverage and 
identification of newly formed words. 
To sum up, in our article, we tried to give a 
short presentation of lexical aspect of new words in 
fashion sphere of such a linguistic event as neology 
in connection with spheres of human activity other 
than linguistics. We performed an analysis of the 
most popular fashion neologisms according to the 
sphere of usage, to the source and time of 
appearance, and new notion appearance. 
 
References 
 
1  Zabotkina V.I. Novaya leksika sovremennogo angliyskogo yazyka – M.: «Vysshaya shkola», 1989г. – 125 c. 
2 Smirnitskiy 
A.I. 
Leksikologiya angliyskogo yazyka – M.: «Vysshaya shkola», 1998 – 259 c. 
3  Alego, John. Fifty Years among the New Words: A Dictionary of Neologisms, 1941-1991 – Cambridge, UK: Cambridge 
University Press, 1991 – 297 p. 
4  J. A. Simpson, E. S. C. Weiner. The Oxford English dictionary, the University of Michigan, USA: Oxford University Press, 
Ed.2, 2010 – 1078 p. 
5  Fowler, Henry Watson. The King’s English, – 2
nd
 ed., Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1908 – 370 p. 
 
 
 
 
                
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Neologisms in the world of fashion 

12 
 
 
 
ISSN 1563-0223                        Bulletin KazNU. Filology series. 
№ 5-6(139-140). 2012 
 
 
УДК 81′23 
 
Н.В. Дмитрюк 
д.ф.н. профессор Южно-Казахстанского государственного 
педагогического института, Казахстан, г. Шымкент  
 
 
Ассоциативный эксперимент как средство выявления  
ментально маркированных концептов  языкового сознания* 
 
В  статье  обосновывается  необходимость  исследования  системы  общечеловеческих  и  этнокультурных 
ценностей,  дается  перечень  базовых  общечеловеческих  ценностей  (ОЦ)  и  антиценностей;  приводятся 
некоторые  предварительные  результаты  полевых  исследований  по  выявлению  наиболее  типичных  аксио-
логических стереотипов, бытующих в российском и казахстанском социуме. 
Ключевые слова: ценности, антиценности, казахстанский социум, приоритеты, трансформация. 
 
Н.В. Дмитрюк 
Mentally marked concepts of the kazakh culture reflected in the associated experiment 
 
The article is aiming to prove the necessity and prospects for developing the new Kazakhstanian research field – 
investigation of the Kazakh title nation language consciousness; the paper determines the objective area of such 
investigations in the Kazakhstan Ethnic Psycho Linguistics and Lingua Culture Study, formulates their aims and 
targets, and discusses the problems of revealing the most meaningful (mentally marked) concepts of the Kazakh 
culture, operating the method of the free associative experiment. 
In the content of the article reflected the stages of the work on the free associative experiment is a list of words-
incentives in the questionnaire, the methodology of the analysis of the received material, marked by features of 
perception and associative response informants, characterizing the national-cultural specificity of the linguistic 
consciousness of modern Kazakhs. 
Taken by the author of the study allows to draw conclusions on the effectiveness and prospects of the use of 
associative methodologies in the study of the linguistic consciousness, in the definition of ethno-cultural conceptual 
sphere of the Kazakh nation and to identify its priority values. 
Keywords: language consciousness, mentality, the concept of conceptual sphere of a free associative experiment, 
national-cultural specificity. 
 
Н.В. Дмитрюк 
Ассоциативті эксперимент тілдік санасының менталды таңбаланған концептілерін  
анықтау құралы ретінде 
 
Мақалада  Қазақстан  лингвистикасы  үшін  жаңа  ғылыми  сала – Қазақстан  титулды  этносының  тілдік 
санасын  зерттеудің  қажеттілігі  мен  болашағы  негізделетін  мұнда  бұл  зерттеудің  Қазақстан  этнолинг-
вистикасы  мен  лингвомәдениеттанудағы  объект  саласы  анықталады;  оның  мақсаты  мен  міндеттері  
тұжырымдалып,  аса  маңызды  (менталды  таңбаланған)  концептілерді  ерікті  ассоциативті  эксперимент 
әдісімен  анықтау  мәселелері  қарастырылады.  Мақала  мазмұнында  ерікті  ассоциативті  экспериментті 
жүргізудің  жұмыс  кезеңдері  белгіленген,  анкеттердегі  стимул  сөздердің  тізімі  берілген,  алынған  мате-
риалдарды  талдау  әдісі  мазмұндалған,  информанттардың  бүгінгі  қазақтардың  тілдік  санасының  ұлттық-
мәдени сипатын көрсететін қабылдау және ассоциативті ойлау ерекшеліктері анықталған. 
Автордың  жүргізіп  отырған  жұмысы  тілдік  сананы  зерттеуде,  қазақ  этносының  этномәдени  концепто-
сферасын  анықтауда  және  оның  құндылық  басымдылықтарын  көрсетуде  ассоциативті  әдісті  қолданудың 
тиімділігі мен болашақтылығын дәлелдейді. 

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