Список использованной литературы:
1. Закон Республики Казахстан "О рекламе и рекламной деятельности" 2003г.
2. Конституция Республики Казахстан 1995г.
3. Международный кодекс рекламной практики Международной торговой палаты
005:159.9
STRESS MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR WORKERS IN THE SPHERE OF
EDUCATION
Khan Veronika Igorevna
Suleyman Demirel University
Teaching activities require great emotional feedback. Teaching profession belongs to the
category of stressfull professions, requiring large reserves, self-control and self-regulation. According
to the degree of tension, capacity of teacher in average is more than managers' and bankers', CEOs' and
presidents' of associations, ie those who work directly with people. That is why the study of teachers'
stress management is one of the most important scientific and practical problems.
Introduction
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The teacher often has to be also an artist to motivate students and to engage them into
participation, to explain the material so that it will be easy to understand it. Emotional teachers have a
great advantage over the unemotional, because they are able to light the hearts of people and lead
students after themselves. They tend to be popular and loved. But, unfortunately, there is a downside:
very often our emotions find us in the most inopportune moment, for example, when restraint and
composure are necessary. Ability to manage their emotions is a great professional quality, which is
necessary to produce to any teacher. SL Rubinstein (2002, p. 586) notes that "if the desire to suppress
or eliminate emotion is fundamentally wrong, the ability to regulate their expression is necessary."
What is stress? The famous Soviet physiologist PK Anokhin (1984, p. 172) gives the following
definition: "Emotions - a physiological condition of the body, with a pronounced subjective coloring
and covering all kinds of feelings and experiences of people - from the deeply traumatic suffering to the
highest forms of social perception of life and joy." H. Selye (1979) defined the stress as level of
deterioration of the body, and, like many other researchers, tie it to a voltage. As a rule, stress - a state
of the body, caused by long-acting process of increased arousal. Psychological Dictionary (1998, p. 371)
gives a definition of this concept: "The state of mental stress that occurs in a person's normal course of
business in the most complex and difficult situations, both in everyday life and in special circumstances."
This mental or physical stress caused by physical, emotional, social, economic or professional
circumstances, events or experiences, which is difficult to handle and difficult to tolerate it
(ColmanA.M., 2001). According to D. Greenberg (2004), the cause of stress is the stressor, or incentive
that can "run" by a fight or flight response. Stressor can be both emotional state (anger, fear) and external
factors (odors, noise). Experts believe that most of the stressors associated not with man's productive
activity, and with his daily life. However, people often bring their problems to work, where, in turn, are
added factors of professional activity (Sergali SI, 2002). Desler G. (1997) identifies two main sources
of work stress: environmental factors (workload, safety, number of students) and personal factors
(health, patience, health). But no matter what was the source of stress, resulting in disorders of the
nervous activity poslestressovyh (SI Sedin 2002; SutherlanolS., 1995) may occur many diseases: heart
attack, stroke, mental illness and others. Of course, the impact of a single the same stressor may be
different in different situations and for different people.
What is stress management? "Stress management-
methods of controlling factors that require a
response or change within a person by identifying the stressors, eliminating negative stressors, and
developing effective coping mechanisms to counteract the response constructively. Examples include
progressive muscular relaxation, guided imagery, biofeedback, breathing techniques, and active problem
solving.
"(
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier) It is A set of techniques and
programs intended to help people deal more effectively with stress in their lives by analyzing the specific
stressors and taking positive actions to minimize their effects. Most stress management programs deal
with job stress and workplace issues. (Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group,
Inс) Stress management is A general term for the use of any psychological or manipulative maneuvers
to reduce physical or emotional stress and tension. (Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc)
Different approaches to manage the stress for teachers
There is a huge variety of different ways to overcome and manage own stress.
D. Fontana (1995) gives five tips for teachers on stress management:
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1. Determine whether you are at risk (which is written above). If yes, in any extreme situation learn to
decide what you can do, and that is simply not in your power or competence. Learn to laugh at yourself
in situations where you make a small mistake. A sense of humor always helps reduce stress. And the
ability to laugh at himself unabashedly peculiar to people who know how to appreciate themselves and
are free of internal conflict. Of course, they try to change the items in the desired direction, if possible,
but at the same time they can be flexible.
2. Learn to observe yourself and understand why certain events cause us stress, sadness or annoying.
Try to make a list of such situations. For example: "6" and "" class with his disgusting behavior makes
me angry ... Peter Ivanov, when silent at the blackboard for 5 minutes, makes me patience ... "
3. Sometimes people take the words and actions of others at their own expense, even though it had no
good reason. Children from 6 "and" behave, because it came at them in the habit, because come after
physical education classes, and so on. E., Not because they do not respect the teachers. Be more realistic,
and before you get offended or angry at someone, understand whether people wanted to hurt you.
4. In stressful situations, try to focus on the problem and not "stuck" on their own negative emotions.
Try to find alternative ways to address and select one that you think is more appropriate.
5. In the prevention of stress conditions: read books, follow the simple relaxation exercises. And if you
are under stress, it does not accumulate negative emotions, share challenges with colleagues and loved
ones.
The recommendation of M. Berkeley Allen (1997, p. 193-194):
1. Increase your half an hour lunch break (of course, with the permission of the head).
2. Make yourself a small gift (a bouquet of flowers, a ticket to the theater or a sporting event, dine in the
restaurant).
3. Allow yourself to spend some time alone.
4. Take time to be happy to do his favorite thing.
5. Allow yourself to spend half a day for "doing nothing."
6. Take care with what you have long wanted to do, but I never had the time.
7. The output allow yourself to sleep longer.
8. brag to your friend or relative for their achievements.
9. Spend a certain amount of their savings and buy yourself some trifle.
Experts recommend to relieve emotional stress seek to reduce muscle tension. So, G.S. Belyaev,
V.S. Lobzin, I.A. Kopylov (1997) note that muscle activity is related to the emotional sphere and muscle
tension is the external manifestation of unpleasant emotions (fear, anger, etc.). Accordingly, muscle
relaxation - is an external indicator of positive emotions, state of general peace, equanimity, satisfaction.
Muscle relaxation has a dual physiological significance, as it is as an independent factor in the
reduction of emotional tension, and an auxiliary factor in preparing the conditions for the transition state
from wakefulness to sleep. The authors believe that such exercises help to train the mobility of the
fundamental nervous processes and are particularly useful indecisive, anxious and doubtful, prone to
long experiences of people. In order to go into a state of physical and mental rest, quite regularly carry
out exercises for the hands and face muscles (relaxation mask). It should be noted that such exercises
are not time-consuming and it is recomended to learn some of them.
To make relaxation exercises more effective, three basic rules should be carried out:
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1. Before a person feels relaxed, it is necessary to strain muscles.
2. The voltage should be carried out smoothly, gradually and relaxation - quick to feel better contrast.
3. The voltage should be carried out on a breath and relax - you exhale.
Thus, muscle relaxation algorithm may be as follows:
-breath - slow muscle tension;
-a delay of breath - the maximum voltage level;
-exhale - relax the muscles or muscle groups.
Conclusion
These days there are many factors that cause stress, especially for people who work in
universities. Daily stress causes a lot of problems such as lack of productivity, bad relationships with
coleagues and even physical malaises. The use of techniques listed in this article can help to increase
the productivity and satisfaction level of students, it will also help to avoid problems with health and a
lot of another undesirable consequences. It is interesting to note that the elimination of stress is one of
the keys to success, so we can conclude that every person should know at least two techniques manage
own stress.
Bibliography
1.
“Fundamentals of General Psychology” S.L. Rubenshteyn (year 2002)
2.
“Stress without distress” G. Selye (year 1982)
3.
“Psychological dictionary” (year 1998)
4.
“Universals of human language” Joseph H. Greenberg (year 1978)
5.
“Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition.” (year 2009)
6.
“Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine” (year 2008)
7.
“
Segen's Medical Dictionary” (year 2012)
339.13/616.31
WHY THE KAZAKHSTAN MARKET OF INTERNET MARKETING LAGS BEHIND
THE WESTERN
Kim Stanislav Olegovich
Suleyman Demirel University
Internet marketing — is the practicing of use of all aspects of traditional marketing on the
Internet, mentioning basic elements marketing mix: price, product, point of sale and advance. A main
objective — receiving the maximum effect from potential audience of the site.
Basic elements of a complex of internet marketing:
Product — that you sell by means of the Internet, has to have worthy quality. It competes not only with
other sites, but also traditional shops.
Price — is considered to be that the price on the Internet is lower, than in usual shop due to economy on
expenses. Control the prices and compare them to competitors regularly.
Promotion — a package of measures on advance as site, and goods in general in a network. Includes a
huge arsenal of tools(search advance, a contextual advertizing, banner advertizing, e-mail marketing,
virus marketing, the hidden marketing, interactive advertizing, work with blogs etc.).
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Place — a point of sales, that is the site. Huge role plays both graphic design, and a site usability, and
quality of processing of demands from the site. Also it is worth paying attention to loading speed, work
with payment systems, delivery terms, and work with clients to, in time and after sale.
The general info
Internet marketing is a component of electronic commerce. It is also called online-marketing. It can
include such parts as Internet integration, information management, PR, service of work with buyers
and sales. Electronic commerce and internet marketing became popular with expansion of Internet
access and are an integral part of any normal marketing campaign. The segment of internet marketing
and advertizing grows as in a consumer sector to what emergence every day all of new online stores and
in the B2B market testifies. Interactivity, possibility of the most exact targeting, possibility of post-
cliques analysis which conducts to the maximum increase of such indicators as conversion of the site
and ROI of Internet advertizing are considered as the main advantages of internet marketing
1
. Internet
marketing includes such elements of system as:
Media advertizing
Contextual advertizing
Search marketing in general and SEO in particular
Advance on social networks: SMO and SMM
Direct marketing with use of email, RSS, etc.
Virus marketing
Guerrilla marketing
Internet branding
History
Internet marketing appeared in the early nineties when the text sites started placing information on
goods. Now internet marketing — it something bigger, than sale of information products, now goes
trade in information space, software products, business models and many other goods and services. Such
companies as Google, Yahoo, and MSN lifted on new level and segmented the market of Internet
advertizing, offering small and medium business of service in local advertizing. Profitability of
investments increased, and expenses managed to be cut. This type of marketing became a basis of
modern capitalism which allows any who has an idea, goods or service, to reach the widest audience.
Use of the term "internet marketing" usually means use of marketing strategies of a direct response
which are traditionally used at direct mailing groups, radio and in television commercials, only here they
are applied to business to Internet space
2
.
Advantages
Internet marketing first of all gives to the consumer opportunity to receive information on goods. Any
potential consumer can, using the Internet, to receive information on goods, and also to buy it.
Application of methods of internet marketing is aimed at economy of means (on a salary of staff of sales
departments and on advertizing), and also on expansion of activity of the companies (transition from the
local market to the national and international market). Thus both the large companies, and small, have
more balanced chances in fight for the market. Unlike traditional advertizing media (printing, radio and
television), the entrance on the market on the Internet is not too expensive. An important point is that
unlike traditional marketing methods of advance, internet marketing gives an accurate statistical picture
of efficiency of marketing campaign.
In comparison with other types of media marketing (printing, radio and television), internet marketing
grows very quickly. It wins the increasing popularity not only at business, but also ordinary users who
want to advance the effective website or the blog and to earn on is mute. Nevertheless, in the developed
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countries, costs of internet marketing and advertizing make about 5% of the general advertizing
expenses.
Disadvantages
Restrictions in internet marketing create problems both for the companies, and for consumers. If at the
consumer slow Internet connection, it leads to difficulty in use in advertizing of the animated rollers,
presentation movies and high-quality graphics though, in principle, the problem with a speed — is a
matter of time, every day of "slow" users becomes less. The place of dial-up is taken by the high-speed
Internet.
The following inconvenience consists that internet marketing doesn't give the chance to the consumer
to test goods before making a purchase. But most of consumers solve this problem simply. They get
acquainted with the goods interesting them in usual shop, and purchase do in online store. Germany, for
example, adopted the law, under which any buyer can return the goods bought on the Internet without
any explanations in 2000 and to receive a full refund. It is one of the main reasons why in Germany
Internet trade is so developed.
The problem of lack of opportunity at the buyer "to touch" goods can be also solved in other ways, for
example, some owners of online stores use photos of quality goods and permission, trying to transfer in
images all details and features of the production. Gains popularity and use of special
3
photo equipment
for digitization of pictures of goods in the 3D format (the volume image) allowing the visitor of online
store to consider goods from all foreshortenings.
One more braking factor — is limitation of payment methods to which consumers trust.
The main purpose to learn why the Kazakhstan internet marketing lags behind the western
Year and a half it is possible to call the last safely time of changes in the sphere of Internet marketing,
electronic trading and adjacent services in Kazakhstan. At last the wave of interesting decisions for
increase of efficiency of business with use of electronic marketing came to us. Technologies of a
retargeting and analytics in a media advertizing, emergence of more effective techniques of search
marketing, more or less full marketing in social media, innovations in electronic trading, basic mobile
technologies, and sometimes and simple integration of electronic marketing with CRM systems. All this
and many other things gradually start being used and at us in the homeland.
In the light of such sweeping changes even more often it is necessary to hear super optimistic statements
that the Russian internet marketing develops parallel to western that we absolutely don't lag behind it
and even we overtake and that at us everything is simple excellent. Especially often such iridescent
exclamations reach from offline-marketers, recently opened for themselves opportunities the Internet of
the environment and rejoicing to new knowledge about usability bases, web analytics, researches and
managements of audience.
However it is important to understand that all positive changes described above at the moment carry the
extremely insignificant and character, almost imperceptible for the majority of the companies. It means
that if your business is successful, and you seek to take the leading places in the sector, you should make
considerable efforts for search of the contractors capable in full to execute all complex of Internet and
marketing actions. In certain cases is simply more profitable to organize own division of internet
marketing.
The matter is that the companies offering qualitative and, the main thing, system approach to internet
marketing in the Russian market will hardly be gathered more than ten. And only units are ready to work
with clients according to the strategic plans based on problems of business with embedding of all
complexes of actions in marketing mix of the customer.
The market Internet marketing develops very intensively. Few years ago the sites appeared in the TOP
for few months and brought at the expense of it orders. Now the situation changed radically, however
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many continue to work according to the scheme checked by time. And to sell to client’s service,
something different from promotion of the site, it is much more difficult.
After all from clients everything looks extremely simply. Offers on promotion of the sites perfectly keep
within borders of dream of receiving excess profit for minimum short period. Monetary investments the
small and supported with financial and legal guarantees, short terms of a conclusion (the different
companies promise now from 3 to 12 months). And, above all, this scheme worked quite recently.
Together with the lowest knowledge of the theory and practice of modern internet marketing, it gives us
the owners of business who are still hoping for effectiveness of methods of 2001.
In practice works on a site conclusion in a top can be compared to work of insurance companies. In both
cases the mathematical probability of an event is counted (insured event or not conclusion of inquiries
in ten), there is an insurance premium (monthly payment or payment at once for a certain period, for
example, 6 months), and also are present "financial and legal guarantees" (which, alas, for the Kazakh
businessmen are a key factor of a choice of the company).
Approximate lag from the western internet marketing which is based on figures of analytics and long-
term strategic plans now makes not less than 2-3 years. In 2008-2010 services of that level that appear
at us now in the West were offered: marketing in social media and its measurement, Internet consulting,
full-fledged web analytics, work on a usability, e-mail and mobile marketing.
The professional Internet and marketing project has to consist of various works including researches
(both room, and field) and long-term questioning. And only on the basis of the analysis of the obtained
data strategy of presence of the company on the Internet with selection of certain tools is prepared.
Already on accurately developed and approved analytical model of an assessment of efficiency the
realization of marketing campaign is enabled.
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