e
valuation
of
efficiency
in
personnel
selection
in
the
company
Khamidova M.G.,
International Educational Corporation
Master-student, “Management” specialty
Scientific supervisor:
Mirzaliyeva S.S.,
Candidate of economic science
Picture 1. Stages of the selection process.
Note: compiled by the author on the basis of [1, 2, 3]
56
It is important for human resources managers to evaluate the costs of using different types of selection method.
Every method has advantages and disadvantages.
In order to make the selection system effective manager need to use only reliable and valid methods [3].
Managers must evaluate the validity of the measures in order to determine the extent to which selection tools
can predict the candidate’s activity at the position. Such measures have different types of validity that consider
different qualities [4].
There are three major types of validity: content validity, criterion validity and construct validity.
The definition of criterion-related validity is the degree to which scores can be infer one or more measures
of individual performance. This type of validity involves collecting test score data from either job applicants or
current employees and calculating the correlation between those scores and some measure of job performance.
Greater validity is defined by a greater degree of correlation between the test scores and the measure of job
performance. Each measure of performance might correlate differently with a specific selection test.
The content validity refers to how comprehensively the measure assesses the underlying construct that it claims
to assess.
Construct validity is defined as the level by which the procedure or tool of selection measure the degree of
obtaining by candidate the identical characteristics which are important for successful performance of work [5].
Together with above-mentioned methods, there are unconventional methods of personnel selection. Here
experts offer such instruments as brainteaser interview, physiognomy, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, graphology,
polygraph.
Let us consider how we can evaluate the efficiency of the selection system in the company. In world practice,
there are many tools of doing such a qualitative and quantitative analysis.
Human resources managers, analyzing the effectiveness of methods of selection, typically use an indicator such
as the selection coefficient.
This coefficient varies from one profession to another, for example for managers – it is equal to 1: 2, technicians
- 1: 1, clerks - about 1: 2, qualified workers – 1:1, workers – 1:2. If the coefficient is close to 1:1, then the selection
is simple and is made on a short period time. As the number of candidates is not large. If the coefficient is equal to
1:2 the process of selection is complicated. The coefficient is calculated according to the formula [2, 23]:
Selection coefficient =
(1)
To evaluate the efficiency of the search and selection manager must know and be able to practice the following
indicators of efficiency.
Timeliness. Does the system of recruitment and selection fit the appeared vacancies in the company or the
organization has the problems due to very long search and recruitment of necessary personnel.
Effectiveness. Do the selected personnel have all required characteristics best suit for the position or they are
need to be trained? Sometimes the stage of testing of candidates could be excluded or simplified because this
process takes much time. Do the existing methods of selection is easy to use in the organization?
Economical. Do the selection tools are effective from the point of view cost – quality of the candidates selected.
The reliability of the results of the system of recruitment and selection.
To assess the effectiveness of the search and selection of new employees manager can use a number of
quantitative indicators to evaluate the quality of the organization’s system of search and selection of personnel and
characterize the work of the staff, willing to work in the organization:
time for filling the vacancies (in hours);
expenses for filling the vacancies;
number of mistakes (incorrectly selected, dismissed, resigned candidates) to the number of all hired
candidates for the certain period of time;
the duration of training of new workers;
time necessary for the new worker in order to reach the acceptable level of productivity;
the level of labor turnover, especially for new workers;
the share of workers that has not passed the probationary period from the total amount of the hired
workers;
the financial costs to ensure the recruitment and selection of personnel;
the level of violations of labor discipline among the new employees (absence from work, being late, etc.).
the level of the mistakes made by new employees;
the frequency of breakdowns caused by new employees;
effective use of the necessary materials, components by new workers;
rates of injury among new employees;
the number of complaints from customers, consumers, suppliers, through the fault of new workers.
More information about the organization as used in the staff selection system can be obtained from three
sources: candidates themselves, employees of the organization and retiring [6].
57
Another tool often used in employee selection is the assessment center. An assessment center is a program
(not a place) in which participants engage in a number of individual and group exercises constructed to simulate
important activities at the organizational levels to which they aspire [3, 24]. These exercises can include such
activities as participating in leaderless discussions, giving oral presentations, and leading a group in solving some
assigned problem. The individuals performing the activities are observed by managers or trained observers who
evaluate their ability and their potential. In general, participants are assessed according to job-related criteria such
as oral communication, conflict resolution, leadership, persuasion, and problem solving.
Properly identifying and implementing formal assessment methods to select employees is one of the more
complex areas for human resource professionals to learn about and understand. This is because understanding
selection testing requires knowledge of statistics, measurement issues and legal issues relevant to testing.
The question of primary importance is who makes the final decision on staff selection in the company. The
responsibility for the final decision in different organizations falls on different levels of management. As a rule,
human resource departments organize filling out forms, applications; conduct preliminary interviews, testing and
reference checks; arrange medical examination. More often a final decision on hiring personnel delegated to the
head of the department, which has the vacant position.
In other organizations, the human resource department carries out all stages of selection, in addition to a final
decision. Many organizations leave the final choice head of the department on condition of approval by higher
levels of management. In small companies, the selection is made by the owner of the company.
So, we can conclude that during selection process we need to use complex approach, which allows to use
all necessary data about professional skills and personal characteristics of the applicant. Moreover, the fair and
transparent selection of new members of staff has a positive effect on the company’s culture.
References:
1. Samuel C. Certo. S. Trevis Certo. Modern Management. Concepts and skills. New Jersey. 12-th edition. Prentice Hall, 2012. p. 302
2. Тюрина И.О. Кадровый менеджмент: процесс отбора персонала. Экономическая социология. 2000, c.29
3. Elaine D. Pulakos (2005). Selection Assessment Methods. SRHM Foundation. 2005. p.16
4. Steven L. Thomas and Wesley A. Scroggins. ‘Psychological Testing in Personnel Selection: Contemporary Issues in Cognitive Ability
and Personality Testing. Journal of Business Inquiry, 2005. - pp. 28-38
5. D. Westen, R. Rosental. ‘Quantifying Construct Validity: Two Simple Measures’. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Vol.
84, No. 3, 2005. pp. 608-618
6. Parry E. and Tyson Sh. An Analysis of the Use of Online Recruitment Methods in the UK. Human Resources Management Journal,
Volume 18, Issue 3, 2008, p. 262
58
Алматы
Менеджмент
Университет
Основной целью данной работы является рассмотреть и проанализировать основные тенденции
в направлении бизнес коммуникаций, а также в бизнес процессах, выявить проблемные зоны развития
малого и среднего бизнеса и предоставить определённые рекомендации по улучшению и развитию
предпринимательской среды Республики Казахстан.
Миссией данной работы является развитие предпринимательской среды, предпринимательского климата
Республики Казахстан путем внедрения новых инструментов и рычагов. Предоставить возможность
массового развития инновационных бизнес идей. Предложить новый механизм взаимодействия молодых,
амбициозных предпринимателей с более опытными участниками деловой среды государства.
Видение. Всем известен факт, что развитие малого и среднего бизнеса является одной из основных
движущих сил национальной экономики той или иной страны. Задача развития предпринимательства и
бизнес среды является одной из наиболее приоритетных, которая стоит перед государством. Принимаются
и разрабатываются различные программы, институты. Но на сегодня наиболее серьезная проблема в том,
что большинство идей остаются на стадии идеи, по причине отсутствия профессионального подхода к
подготовке и оформлению бизнес идей и проектов. Для грамотной подачи и реализации того или иного
бизнес-проекта необходимы:
•
подходящие инструменты соответствующего информирования,
•
наглядность проекта,
•
технико-экономическое обоснование,
•
структурированное планирование денежных потоков, оттоков и притоков.
Современная проблема предпринимательской деятельности Республики Казахстан наблюдается
в неспособности молодых инициативных людей в профессиональной, грамотной разработке бизнес-
проектов и отсутствии навыков коммуникаций с потенциальными бизнес-ангелами и инвесторами.
Большинство бизнес-идей на начальном этапе написания бизнес-проекта откладываются на самые
дальние полки, при первых возникающих проблемах в расчетах или недостаточностью информации.
«Сейчас у казахстанских стартапов существует проблема - низкая конкурентоспособность и отсутствие
интеграции в глобальную цепочку поставщиков. Наша цель - создание критической массы технологических
компаний», отметил глава TechGarden [3].
Наша идея заключается в организации агентства, предоставляющего помощь по написанию правильных
бизнес-проектов и доведения их до ума. Мы будем являться мостом между новаторами и инвесторами,
сокращая дистанцию между молодыми предпринимателями и потенциальными инвесторами. К примеру,
у молодого предпринимателя появилась идея, он ее продумал до мелочей, осталось лишь официально
оформить ее и найти потенциального инвестора. Он обращается в нашу организацию, и мы помогаем ему.
п
Ункт
встречи
начинающих
новаторов
с
потенциальными
инвесторами
Эрсалиева Мадина Алишеровна
Финансы, 2 курс
Досжан Илияс Болатович
Экономика, 3 курс
Scientific supervisor:
Mirzaliyeva S.S.,
Candidate of economic science
Рисунок 1. Процесс деятельности организации
59
Реализация данной идеи откроет новые возможности и пути развития стартапов, бизнес проектов, даст
толчок развитию малого и среднего бизнеса Республики Казахстан, а именно:
- увеличение субъектов малого и среднего бизнеса на 35%;
- все больше молодых новаторов перейдут от стадии идеи к стадии реализации своих бизнес проектов
и стартапов;
- позволит сократить “дистанцию” между молодыми предпринимателями и потенциальными
инвесторами, бизнес ангелами;
- оказание помощи молодым новаторам в привлечение финансирования бизнес проектов;
- внедрение новых технологий в стране.
Источники:
1. АО “Фонд Развития Даму”. “Программы по развитию и поддержке малого и среднего бизнеса от фонда Даму” [Электронный
ресурс] URL: http://www.damu.kz/5167
2. Центр исследования прикладной экономики. “Роль малого и среднего бизнеса в экономической модернизации РК”. [Электрон-
ный ресурс] URL: http://group-global.org/ru/publication/15902-rol-malogo-i-srednego-biznesa-v-ekonomicheskoy-modernizacii-
kazahstana
3. Новостной портал “DailyNews”. “Молодые инноваторы Алматы представили свои изобретения ”. [Электронный ресурс].
URL: http://www.dailynews.kz/economics/molodye-innovatory-almaty-predstavili-svoi-izobreteniya
4. Центр деловой информации “Капитал”. “В Казахстане объявили лучших молодых предпринимателей”. [Электронный ре-
сурс] URL: https://kapital.kz/economic/23814/v-kazahstane-obyavili-luchshih-molodyh-predprinimatelej.html
5. Центр деловой информации “Forbes” “ В РК должен быть 1 миллион бизнесменов”. [Электронный ресурс] URLhttp://forbes.
kz/process/businessmen/v_rk_doljen_byit_1_mln_molodyih_biznesmenov/
60
Almaty
Management
University
In the Republic of Kazakhstan in the conditions of formation of the modern competitive environment priorities
put forward the problems of industrial development, focused on ensuring the national security of the country. The
main condition for the formation of competitive market are efficiency, innovation, degree of business development.
For further progressive development of the economy requires an active business environment, business needs,
aimed at the production of high-tech goods and services [1, р. 1].
Becoming effective market economic entities requires in-depth study of strategic issues of adaptation and
development. In the context of fundamental changes in property relations, the emergence of a new type of owners,
business development, the problem of justifying the company’s development strategy in the long term is of
particular relevance.
Developing vision and corporate goals is essential for the success of the organization. Vision - is a kind of dream,
the state of the business, which can be achieved in the future under the most favorable conditions. Vision helps
to identify benchmarks in the business strategy. The term «vision» is inextricably linked with the entrepreneurial
approach to business and helps in the development of criteria for achieving the objectives. However, the most
important role played by the vision of motivation, to give meaning and significance of the work and to arouse the
interest of all staff of the company. However, the vision can not be quantified, like quantitative targets, and can
never become a reality. However, as the achievement you can review and re-evaluate the steps in business from the
known to the unknown, the causes of failures and delays, the causes of conflict in the device management and staff
dissatisfaction. Thus, vision plays an increasingly important role in today’s business and in the business strategy
of the firm. The unity of vision and goals - an important step in the development of business strategy [2, р. 134].
Goals in the firm can be a lot, so you need to rank them, highlight the main goal (mission of the company) and
the goals determined by it. In order to achieve the main goals are goals of the second level, to achieve them - the
goal of the third level can be intermediate goals. The result is a tree of goals.
In developing the financial strategy of the company is important to identify the key success factors that are
common to all businesses industry factors, the implementation of which offers the prospect of improving their
competitive position. Key success factors should be considered as the foundation of the developed strategy. The
task of analysts is to select 3-5 most important in the near future the key success factors [3, р. 32].
With concepts of «strategy» and «strategic decisions» closely linked to the concept of the «potential» of the
enterprise. At any given moment, the company has a well-defined socio-economic potential. In the most general
sense, it can be described as a set of at the disposal of the enterprise «strategic» resources of decisive importance
for the functioning of the enterprise features and boundaries in different conditions.
One of the most common models of analysis of possible strategic directions is the Ansoff matrix, according to
which there are four alternatives [4, р. 18]:
- Market penetration - increasing market share in old markets with the help of existing products;
- Market development - the introduction of new markets and new market segments with the help of existing
products;
- Product development - the development of new products to serve the old markets;
- Diversification - the development of new products to serve new markets.
At present, domestic enterprises operate in a fundamentally new environment requires qualitatively new
approach to economic management of the organization. At the same time, the emergence of new management
issues demonstrates the need for constant reference work on the organizational and economic development of the
enterprises. Institutional reforms, the complexity of the competitive environment and strengthen its impact, the
individualization of consumer behavior and the high mobility of other environmental factors to which the company
must respond, require a more flexible and effective mobile organizational and economic governance structures.
For the operation of enterprises in a number of industrial markets are paramount factors on the demand side,
since the limit of effective demand is defined as the product portfolio and pricing policies of enterprises. Strategies
such enterprises - a search for their niche market positioning of products, flexible pricing policy, etc.
Strategy certain domestic companies aimed at reducing production costs, reducing transportation costs and
saving on energy costs. Of particular importance is the increase in capacity utilization, including through the
expansion of the product range. One of the key factors in improving the market position of these companies is
the proximity of points of sale to the consumer, renovation and expansion of the range, while maintaining the
traditional species.
In addition to production factors of economic development of industrial enterprises in market conditions
become important modern marketing techniques, improve the system of sales. In order to strengthen the competitive
position of businesses are increasingly turning to the choice of a certain segment of the industrial market, are
moving from passive standby position to the active search for their niche market. Many companies are developing
post-production activities related to private trade organization the final product, develop a network of distributors
t
he
principles
of
economic
strategies
of
enterprises
Kamilla Azhibayeva
2 course
Marketing
61
and organize better access to retail outlets.
Features of the functioning of this market segment associated with high dependence on foreign suppliers of
raw materials. Accordingly, that virtually all enterprises factor in determining the level of prices for their products
is the cost of production. The basis of cost prices, regardless of the type of product, is the purchase price of raw
materials, indicating that the prevalence at present expensive pricing model.
At the same time it has a significant portion of medium-sized businesses implementing a competitive strategy
based on differentiation of the food basket. Small enterprises in the industry are focused on a specific target
market segment. Quality assurance they seek due to small production volumes. Leadership based on product
differentiation involves the creation of a unique range of products. Industry leaders create their own branded
products, widely introducing new items [5, р. 67].
Systematization of the reasons for the decline in the motivation industry enterprises has enabled us to formulate
them as follows:
- A low level of technical and technological base of production;
- Lack of adequate material and financial base of the corresponding infrastructure;
- Unsettled in law and in practice conflicting interests in this area;
- The lack of qualified specialists in the field of innovation management;
- Weak control of management companies by the owners;
- The limitations of their own financial resources;
- Low investment attractiveness of enterprises;
- Underdevelopment of the innovation market and innovation system information.
The validity of the development of market strategies in a competitive environment requires compliance
with the requirements of a systematic approach and a preliminary determination of the potential development
of the industry. On their basis should be justified organizational and economic mechanisms for managing all
forms of production organization, as of literacy and competence of the decisions taken on these and many other
organizational and economic issues in the context of limited resources, depends on the creation of a competitive,
safe, cost-effective production.
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: |